The Trident is the godly weapon of Poseidon, god of the seas. This powerful weapon allows him to control the seas and exert vast magical influence over water in all of its forms.
The trident grants whoever possess it control over the oceans, rivers, and water in all of its forms. It's possible to shift water into its various forms such liquid, gas, solid and create atmospheric hazards such as storms and vortexes. Also, the trident is powerful enough to pierce a god's skin.
Although the trident's actual manufacturer is unknown, the trident is Poseidon's iconic weapon for eons until it was stolen by Hades in his plans to take over Athens by shifting the River Styx. Hercules later returns the trident to its rightful owner and the only time it shifted ownership was when Triton, Poseidon's son, was in temporary ownership of the trident.
In the series, the Trident is once again identified with the Little Mermaid item; it belonged to Ursula's father Poseidon. The King of the Seas, he used it to rule over his domain. When discovering that his daughter wanted to run away with the aid of one Captain Hook, he used his trident to enchant a sea-shell which would take away her singing voice and prevent her from leaving him. After Ursula learns of his betrayal, she takes his trident and gives herself more power, consequently turning her mermaid tail into those of an octopus.
The Trident is the main artifact sought on by the characters of the movie. At the climax, Henry Turner gets ahold of the Trident, and uses the Trident's magic by breaking it to break all curses of the sea, which eradicate Captain Salazar and his undead crew (also reverting their undead forms to their mortal forms to reflect their original flashback before they died) as well as undoing Will Turner's curse, in turn. It is also possible that breaking the Trident undid Davy Jones' death during the events of At World's End and restored Davy Jones as captain of the Flying Dutchman, and possibly even changing him back to human after being cursed by Calypso.