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The upcoming HTML5 specification includes a lot of powerful and exiting features which turn web browsers into a fully capable ich internet application (RIA) client platform. Part 1 of this article series presented an overview of the history of the web, and investigated the new HTML5 Server-Sent Events communication standard. 2.2 WebSockets The upcoming HTML5 standard also includes WebSockets. WebS
The upcoming HTML5 specification includes a lot of powerful and exiting features which turn web browsers into a fully capable rich internet application (RIA) client platform. This article takes a deeper look into two new HTML5 communication standards, Server-Sent Events and WebSockets. These new standards have the potential to become the dominant Server-push technologies for helping developers to
This article describes the Java Native Access (JNA) approach to integrating native libraries with Java programs. It shows how JNA enables Java code to call native functions without requiring glue code in another language. The examples illustrate usage patterns, common pitfalls, and troubleshooting techniques. The article also enables a comparison of JNA and JNI (Java Native Interface) by describin
JSR 310 is an API for time- and calendar-related calculations that has been proposed for Java SE 7. The API aims to replace the two existing classes that form Java's current date and time API, java.util.Date and java.util.Calendar, while still providing backwards-compatible access to these older APIs. The JSR is currently in development, and a tentative Javadoc is available for the API. Improvemen
Add Logging at Class Load Time with Java Instrumentation by Thorbjørn Ravn Andersen 04/24/2008 When you're trying to analyze why a program failed, a very valuable piece of information is what the program was actually doing when it failed. In many cases, this can be determined with a stack trace, but frequently that information is not available, or perhaps what you need is information about
Source Code Analysis Using Java 6 APIs by Seema Richard, Deepa Sobhana 04/10/2008 Have you ever thought of how tools like Checkstyle or FindBugs perform a static code analysis, or how Integrated Development Environments (IDEs) like NetBeans or Eclipse execute quick code fixes or find the exact references of a field declared in your code? In many cases, IDEs have their own APIs to parse the
Adopting a Java Persistence Framework: Which, When, and What? by Sharad Acharya 12/18/2007 For developing new software systems, Object-Oriented Programming is undeniably the most widely used programming paradigm today. For commercial data persistence needs, the Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) is the most widely used system of choice. RDBMSes use a relational model, which is d
Editor's Note: With this installment of The Open Road, author and Cafe Au Lait founder Elliotte Rusty Harold takes over our series on the ongoing development of Java SE 7. And with the goals and processes of the OpenJDK project having been covered in the first installment, Elliotte jumps right in with this guide to actually building JDK 7. Before that, here's an update on the OpenJDK proj
Building Maps into Your Swing Application with the JXMapViewer by Joshua Marinacci 10/30/2007
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You may have heard of Maven 2--it's often touted by technologists as a replacement for Ant. You may have even taken some time to browse around on the Maven 2 site, but maybe the documentation has left you a little bit unclear on where and how to go about getting started. In this article, we will take a look at using Maven 2 to help build a simple web application (a bit of business logic in a JAR a
The Perils of Image.getScaledInstance() by Chris Campbell 04/03/2007 Best Frienemies For years, the Java 2D team has been encouraging developers to move away from JDK-1.0-isms like Image.getScaledInstance() and onto more modern APIs. We often make blanket statements like, "oh you don't want to do it that way, here's a better approach" and hope that developers take our word for it. It's a
How to Write a Custom Swing Component by Kirill Grouchnikov 02/22/2007 When you hear comparisons between AWT and Swing components, one of the first points mentioned is that Swing is lightweight. What this essentially means is that there are no real native controls "behind" Swing buttons, internal frames, and menus. Everything is controlled in pure Java, including rendering and event handl
Unit tests are no longer hype, but daily business. Developers love writing tests, and even do test-driven development. But testing units of code often is a problem: most parts of a software system do not work in isolation, but collaborate with other parts to get their jobs done. In unit testing, we do not want to test these collaborating objects, but only the unit under test. Mock objects provide
Applications are no longer monolithic, especially when it comes to distributed platforms like J2EE. Non-functional requirements (NFR) compel the architecture to be distributed in the across three or more tiers, encompassing multiple nodes and connectors between them. Many times, each connector adds to the inherent weakness of the system architecture as a whole; but there are times when decreasing
"Integrate early, integrate often." This is the underlying principle of continuous integration, a powerful development practice recently brought into the spotlight by the Agile methodologies. Apache Continuum is a flexible, easy-to-use tool that can help you put continuous integration into action. In this article, we will go through the basic principals of continuous integration, and then focus o
"Ajax" is a buzzword that is gaining momentum and popularity. Applications such as Gmail and Google Suggest serve as massive advertisements for asynchronous JavaScript. As users gain familiarity and their expectations increase, the demand for such interfaces is rising. In this article, I will show how to build Ajax-enabled applications using Dojo and JSON--two very different but complementary tech
Should you throw an exception, or return null? Should you use checked or unchecked exceptions? For many novice to mid-level developers, exception handling tends to be an afterthought. Their typical pattern is usually a simple try/catch/printStackTrace(). When they try to get more creative, they usually stumble into one or more common exception handling antipatterns. The antipattern concept became
Long ago, when Xerox defined the leading edge of the desktop GUI, applications flooded the desktop with top-level windows: main windows, alternative views, palettes, inspectors, dialog boxes spewing dialog boxes, editors, and on and on. A whole multitude of overlapping, titled, monochrome rectangles arranged in a way that mimicked a very messy, real-world desktop. Over time, our desire to simulate
In object-oriented software development, the system is developed as a collaborative collection of objects. Messages are the heart of the communication between these objects. Most Java-based software development projects employ unit testing, which mainly tests the system's behavior. Yet, we rarely test the object-oriented nature of the written program. Object-oriented tests consist of sequences of
Nutch is an open source Java implementation of a search engine. It provides all of the tools you need to run your own search engine. But why would anyone want to run their own search engine? After all, there's always Google. There are at least three reasons. Transparency. Nutch is open source, so anyone can see how the ranking algorithms work. With commercial search engines, the precise det
In the past, I used to build my web applications the old-fashioned way: handcrafting assembly, carefully building my raw byte handlers to work with Unicode, counting instructions, and using make files to target different CPUs. OK, maybe not. Although I've never actually felt the need to build my web application with assembly (CISC or RISC), I sometimes think my fellow developers are on a quest t
In the last few years, Hibernate has become one of the most popular Java open source frameworks available. However, developers don't always remember that the mapping files that drive Hibernate's behavior are as much a part of the program as the Java code. These files can contain defects, behave unexpectedly, and break when you change other parts of your system. In this article, I will show
Unit testing is an essential practice for anyone seeking to develop better-designed, higher quality software. Testing the individual objects that make up your system provides you with a much higher degree of confidence in both the design and general quality of the application. However, testing objects in isolation often presents some unique challenges as few useful objects operate independen
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