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This paper is the first to analyze the reverse investment of a former African colony, Angola, in its former European ruler, Portugal. It presents an open economy theoretical model of reverse FDI in which corruption plays an important role. A Bayesian model tests the predictions of the theoretical model and shows that exports and corruption increase Angola FDI in Portugal. Other significant variables that affect negatively Angolaâs investment in Portugal are lagged Angola FDI in Portugal, Portuguese official development assistance (ODA) to Angola, and Angolaâs GDP.
The general conclusion is that exports and corruption are the main determinants of reverse investment of Angola in Portugal.
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As Portugal desperately needs foreign investment due to its current sovereign debt crisis it is not paying attention to criminal issues related to Angolaâs money laundering and corruption. What should the public policy be in this context? Since Angolaâs political elite has benefited from corruption it seems unlike that they would fight corruption in Angola. Therefore it is the Portuguese government that should minimize corruption practices by imposing stricter money laundering controls. However, the weak political will displayed in the Portuguese parliament to restrict corruption in last years combined with financial crisis of public debt that erupted since 2009 and associated need of Portugal for foreign funds, will not result in any sensible ethical FDI policy. More research is needed to confirm these results and to generalize it to other former colonial countries.
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