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getting slightly out of my lane.
fascinating how the security of a 4 miles wide piece of sea determines whether the conflict is limited to the middle east, or whether it affects all the countries in the world.
fascinating how drone technology and low cost is such that it seems nearly impossible to protect the strait, no matter the cost.
fascinating how the implications of this choke point have been known for decades and Kuwait has not built an oil pipeline to get the gas to the red sea. Yes, the cost was high. But higher than the cost to the world of what is happening today?
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In war, there are, to borrow from Rumsfeld, unknown unknowns. These are hard to prepare for. But at least, one should prepare for known knowns⦠And the closing of the strait of Hormuz is at the top of that list. (In the early 2010s, when I was at the IMF, we looked at a scenario precisely along these lines)
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yes. Kuwait does not have a pipeline. Saudi Arabia has a very limited capacity pipeline. Same for UEA. Taken into account in the estimate I give.
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I find it hard not to have as a central scenario where oil prices will remain very high for a long time, higher than the market current prices.
I am no expert on geo-politics and defense technology, but this is what I think I have learned:
Fully protecting ships in the strait of Hormuz is basically impossible. Not enough time to stop missiles or drones.
There is no reason, whether or not Trump declares that war is over, to think that Iran will not continue for some time to threaten to destroy the ships that try. Why should they stop?
The risk will thus remain sufficiently high that most non Iranian ships will not take the risk.
Thus, the shortfall of 20 million barrels a day is likely to last for long.
The scope for increased supply from elsewhere is very limited in the short run. Perhaps 2 million barrels at the most.
The 400 million barrels reserve release can only add 3-4 million barrels or so daily.
The short run elasticity of demand for oil is very low, at most -0.1, and probably less.
This suggests to me prices closer to 150-200 dollars per barrel (or more, but I hesitate to give higher numbersâ¦) than to the current market price.
To repeat. I am no expert (As an economist, I have a bit more sense about the next step, namely what such a price would to the world economy). I would be more than happy to be proven wrong.
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https://x.com/ojblanchard1/status/2032053039566070081
In the set of assumptions, the crucial one is whether Iran will commit to not hit ships in the strait. The issue is that Iran does not need to actually do anything, just to leave some ambiguity as to whether it might do it. And I think it is in their interest to do so. To suggest deals: letting the ships from country x go through in exchange for some form of help, etc. (in that respect, mines is different from drones.)
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https://x.com/ojblanchard1/status/2032104062720635303
Market participants (who are more knowledgeable than I about this particular market) must disagree with one of the assumptions. I do not know which one. I suspect it is that they believe there will be a cease fire and Iran will open the strait, end of story. Maybe...
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https://x.com/ojblanchard1/status/2032109107402948891
As always, I have learned from the comments. X as crowd sourcing. Arguments go both ways.
The Aramco announcement that they can increase flow through pipeline to the red sea up to 7 mbds (whereas the assumption earlier was for a smaller feasible increase). But loading capacity at Yanbu terminal appears to be less, perhaps 3- 5 mbds, so only 2-3 more than it did pre-war.
The decision by the US to wave oil-related sanctions on Russia. (not good news for Ukraine) . Probably small effect.
Uncertainty about the short run demand elasticity: closer to -0.1 or to -0.05 ? Compared to my assumption of -0.1, this doubles the effect on the price of any supply decrease.
As storage facilities fill up in the Persian Gulf, need to close production or extraction facilities, which takes longer to undo.
A tougher line by Iran on the strait of Hormuz. Higher likelihood of mines.
Bottom line. I stick to a high probability of higher for longer, higher than current and forward prices suggest.
Still, eager to learn more.
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Could it be that the focus on energy efficiency and the resulting decrease in the share of oil has actually decreased the short run elasticity of demand? If so an interesting example of the trade off between efficiency and resilience.
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