ã¨ããNBERè«æã上がっているï¼ungated版へのリンクがある著者の一人のページï¼ãåé¡ã¯ãInterest Rate Risk in Bankingãã§ãèè
ã¯Peter M. DeMarzoï¼ã¹ã¿ã³ãã©ã¼ã大ï¼ãArvind Krishnamurthyï¼åï¼ãStefan Nagelï¼ã·ã«ã´å¤§ï¼ã
以ä¸ã¯ãã®è¦æ¨ã
We develop a framework to estimate bank franchise value. Contrary to existing models, sticky deposits and low deposit rate betas do not imply negative duration. While operating costs could generate negative duration, they are offset by fixed interest rate spreads from lending activity. Consequently, franchise value declines as interest rates rise, further exacerbating losses on banksâ securities holdings. Banks with less responsive deposit rates tend to invest more in long-term securities, aiming to hedge cash flows rather than market value. Despite significant recent rate hike losses, most U.S. banks still retain sufficient franchise value to remain solvent, justifying forbearance.
ï¼æ訳ï¼
æã
ã¯éè¡ã®ãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ãè©ä¾¡ããæ çµã¿ãæ§ç¯ãããæ¢åã®ã¢ãã«ã¨ã¯éã«ãç²ççãªé éã¨ä½ãé ééå©ãã¼ã¿ã¯è² ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãæå³ããªããé転費ã¯è² ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãçã¿åºãå¾ãããããã¯èè³æ´»åããããããããåºå®éå©ã¹ãã¬ããã«ãã£ã¦ç¸æ®ºãããããã®çµæãéå©ãä¸æããã¨ãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ã¯ä½ä¸ããéè¡ã®è¨¼å¸ä¿æããçããæ失ãããã«æªåããããé ééå©ã®åå¿åº¦ã®ä½ãéè¡ã¯ãå¸å ´ä¾¡å¤ãããç¾éããã¼ãããã¸ãããã¨ãçã£ã¦é·æ証å¸ã¸ã®æè³ãå¢ããå¾åããããæè¿ã®éå©å¼ãä¸ãã®å¤§ããªæ失ã«ããããããã大åã®ç±³éè¡ã¯æ¯æããå±¥è¡ããã®ã«ååãªãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ãç¶æãã¦ãããæ¯æç¶äºãæ£å½åãã¦ããã
ããã§ãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ã¨ã¯ãéè¡ã®ä¾¡å¤ã®ãã¡ãè³ç£ã¨è² åµã®ãã¼ããã©ãªãªã®å¸å ´ä¾¡å¤ãè¶
ããé¨åã§ãããããã¯ãéè¡ãåãæãè¦æ¥µãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦èè³ãã¼ããã©ãªãªããã¹ãã¬ããã稼ãè½åãããããããããã¾ããé éè
ã«éèãµã¼ãã¹ãæä¾ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦å¾ãããã³ã³ããã¨ã³ã¹ã¤ã¼ã«ããããããããããããã ãããããåãæã®ã¹ã¯ãªã¼ãã³ã°ã¨ã¢ãã¿ãªã³ã°ããé éè
ã¸ã®ã³ã³ããã¨ã³ã¹ãµã¼ãã¹ã«ã¯é転費ãæããããããã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ãæ±ããéã¯ãããæ§é¤ããå¿
è¦ãããã
é éã¯å¥ç´ä¸ã¯çæã§ããããé éè
ã¯ä½éå©ã®é éå£åº§ãããªããªãé éãå¼ãåºããªããããäºå®ä¸ã¯é·æã¨ãªã£ã¦ãããããããé éã®ç²ççãªæ¯ãèãã«ãã£ã¦ãéè¡ã¯æ示ããé ééå©ãé¨åçã«ããæ¹å®ãããéèå¸å ´éå©ã¨ä¸å¯¾ä¸ã§é£åããã®ã¨ã¯ç¨é ãç¶æ
ã¨ãªããããããããããä½ãé éãã¼ã¿ãã§ãããéå©ä¸ææã«éè¡ãã¹ãã¬ããã稼ããã¨ãå«æãã¦ããã
å¾æ¥ã®ç 究ã®å¤ãã§ã¯ãéè¡ã¯ãåè¡¡FFéå©Ã(1 â β) ãã®åå
¥ããã¼ãå¾ããã¨ããDrechsler et al.ï¼2021*1ï¼ã®ã¢ãã«ã«åºã¥ãã¦ãé éãç²ççãªãã¼ã¿ãä½ãéè¡ã§ã¯ãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ã¯è² ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã¨ãªãï¼ï¼éå©ä¸æã¨ã¨ãã«ãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ãä¸æããï¼ãã¨ããçµè«ãå°ãåºãã¦ãããã ããã®èå¯ã¯ééã£ã¦ãããã¨ä»åã®è«æã¯è¨ããã¨ããã®ã¯ãé éã¹ãã¬ãããããããããããåè¡¡FFéå©Ã(1 â β) ãã®ãã£ãã·ã¥ããã¼ã¯å¤åå©ä»åµã«(1 â β) æè³ããã®ã¨ç価ã§ãããããã¯é¡é¢ã§ã®åå¼ãªã®ã§ã価å¤ã¯éå©ã¨ã¯ç¬ç«ã§ãããå¾ã£ã¦ãéè¡ã稼ãé éã¹ãã¬ãããéå©ã¨ã¨ãã«ä¸æããã¨ãã¦ãããã®ä¾¡å¤ã¯ããã§ã¯ãªããã¨ã®ãã¨ã§ããã
Drechsler et al.ï¼2021ï¼ã«ãããè² ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã¯ãä½é éãã¼ã¿ã§ã¯ãªãé転費ã®åºå®ããã¼ãããããããã¦ãããã¨è«æã¯ææããããã®åºå®è² åµã¯åºå®éå©åµã®ã·ã§ã¼ããã¸ã·ã§ã³ã¨ç価ã§ãããéå©ãä¸æããã¨ä¾¡å¤ãä½ä¸ãã*2ããã ãä»åã®è«æã®å®è¨¼çµæã§ã¯ã大åã®éè¡ã¯é転費ãä¸åãæ£ã®åºå®ã¹ãã¬ãããèè³ãã¼ããã©ãªãªããå¾ã¦ãããå¾ã£ã¦ãå
¨ä½çã«ã¯ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã¯è² ã§ã¯ãªãæ£ã«ãªããã¨è«æã¯è¨ãã
ã¾ã¨ããã¨ãéè¡ã®ãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ã¯ãï¼ä½é éãã¼ã¿ã«ããï¼ã¼ããã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã®å¤åå©ä»åµã¨ãï¼é転費ãæ§é¤ããåºå®èè³ã¹ãã¬ããã«ããï¼æ£ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã®åºå®éå©åµã«æè³ãã¦ããã®ã¨äºå®ä¸ç価ã§ãããéå©ä¸æã«ãã£ã¦ä½ä¸ãããã¨è«æã¯è¿°ã¹ã¦ãããéå©ä¸æã¯ä¿æãã証å¸ã®å¸å ´ä¾¡å¤ãä½ä¸ãããã®ã§ããã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ã®ä½ä¸ã¯ããã«è¿½ãè¨ã¡ãããããã¨ã«ãªãã
å®è¨¼åæã§ãéå©ä¸æã¨ã¨ãã«ãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ãä½ä¸ãããã¨ãè£ä»ããããã¨ã®ç±ï¼2022å¹´ã®éå©ä¸ææã«ã¯è³ç£ã®ããã2.2%åãä½ä¸ããä¿æ証å¸ã®å¸å ´ä¾¡å¤ä½ä¸ã®ããã3.6%ã«è¿½ãè¨ã¡ããããï¼ããã ã ããã§ã大åã®éè¡ã«ã¤ãã¦é·æã®æ¯æãè½åãæ¯æããã ãã®ãã©ã³ãã£ã¤ãºããªã¥ã¼ã¯æ®ã£ããã¨ã®ãã¨ã§ããã
è«æã®å®è¨¼ç 究ã§ã¯ã¾ãããã¼ã¿ã¨ãéè¡ã®è¨¼å¸ãã¼ããã©ãªãªå
¨ä½ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã¨ã®è² ã®é¢ä¿ãï¼Drechsler et al.ï¼2021ï¼ã¨æ´åçãªå½¢ã§ï¼è¦³æ¸¬ããããã¨ã®ãã¨ã§ãããããã¯ãè¦å¶å½å±ãä½ãã¼ã¿é éããã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã®é·ãåºå®éå©è² åµã¨ãã¦æ±ãããæ示ãã¦ãããã¨ãä¸å ã ãã¨è«æã¯ææããããã®æ示ã®ãããä½ãã¼ã¿ã®éè¡ã¯ãé éã®è² ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãç¸æ®ºããããã«æ£ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã®è¨¼å¸ãä¿æãããã¨ããããã§ãããã¾ãéè¡ã¯ãç´å©æ¯ãã¼ã¸ã³ãå®å®åãããããã«ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã®é·ã証å¸ãè²·ããã¨ããããã¨è«æã¯è¨ããåè¡¡FFéå©ã¨æ£ã®ç¸é¢ãæã¤é éåå
¥ãããã¸ããããããã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã®é·ã証å¸ãè³¼å
¥ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦åè¡¡FFéå©ã¨è² ã®ç¸é¢ãæã¤åå
¥ãå¾ãããããã«ãããã¨ããããã§ãããã ããè«æã®èå¯ã«ããã°ãããããããã¸è¡åã¯éè¡ã®å¸å ´ä¾¡å¤ã®å®å®ã«ã¯ã¤ãªãããã大åã®éè¡ã®ãã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãªã¹ã¯ããããå¢ããã¦ãã¾ããã·ãªã³ã³ãã¬ã¼éã®ç ´ç¶»ã¯ããããããã¥ã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãªã¹ã¯ãåã£ããã¨ã«ããçããèå¼±æ§ã®é¡å¨åã§ãã£ããã¨è«æã¯è¿°ã¹ã¦ããã