ã¨ããBISレポートãMostly Economicsã紹介しているãåé¡ã¯ãGoodbye Libor, hello basis traders: unpacking the surge in global interest rate derivatives turnoverãã§ãèè
ã¯Torsten EhlersãKaramfil Todorovã
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The rapid growth in global IRD turnover from 2022 to 2025 reflects the combined influence of structural and cyclical forces. The benchmark rate reform has reshaped OTC markets, with the transition to nearly risk-free rates making OIS the dominant trading instrument. In XTD markets, the cashfutures basis trade has driven a significant rise in positioning, particularly in US Treasury futures by hedge funds and asset managers. Continued US Treasury issuance alongside quantitative tightening is likely to keep the basis trade active. However, a sudden tightening in funding or margin conditions could trigger leveraged unwinds and amplify volatility across XTD and OTC markets. Shifting monetary policy expectations have also contributed to greater turnover, especially in short rate contracts, as rises in the short rate boosted hedging and speculative demand. In contrast with that for advanced economies, growth in IRD turnover for EME currencies has occurred primarily in OTC markets rather than in XTD markets. The complex geography of clearing and the underdevelopment of XTD markets remain constraints for further market deepening. Regulatory initiatives to improve clearing access and foster local XTD markets could support market development.
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In Japan, the benchmark reform has also been accompanied by unique dynamics. While the Tokyo overnight average rate (TONA) has become the dominant RFR, the Tokyo interbank offered rate (Tibor), a reformed IBOR, is maintained for domestic contracts since some market participants still require a credit-sensitive term rate to hedge longer-term funding costs or manage credit risk. The publication of Tibor for offshore euro-yen contracts, however, ceased at the end of 2024. As a result, the bulk of yen IRD turnover is now concentrated in OIS (Graph 2.B).
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