COPDã¨ã¯è³æ £ããªãç æ°ã§ãããèªè¦çç¶ããªããã¡ã«é²è¡ããå¼å¸ãååã«è¡ããªããªãç æ°ã§ããæ¯åããå¤ããå³ããããç¶ãå ´åã§ç¹ã«40æ³ä»¥ä¸ã®å«ç è ã¯æ¤æ»ãå¿ è¦ã§ããCOPDã®çç¶ãæ²»çã診æã«ã¤ãã¦ãä¼ããã¾ãã
COPDã¨ã¯
COPDã¨ã¯ãæ ¢æ§éå¡æ§èºç¾æ£ã¨ããç æ°ã§ãé·ãéï¼20年以ä¸ï¼ã®å«ç ãªã©ãåå ã¨ãªããå¼å¸ã«æ¬ ãããªãèºã®çµç¹ãå£ãã¦ããç æ°ã§ããæ¦ã40æ³ä»¥éã«çç¶ãç¾ãå§ãã¾ãã
ä¸æ¦COPDãèµ·ããã¨ãå£ããèºèã¯ãã¨ã«æ»ããªãã®ã§ãCOPDã®é²è¡ãé ãããããçç¶ã軽ããããããæ²»çãè¡ããã¾ãã以ä¸ã®ãããªçç¶ãããå ´åãCOPDãçããã¾ããæãå½ããæ¹ã¯ãæ©ãã«æ¤æ»ããã¦è¨ºæãåãã¦ãã ããã
- 風éªã§ã¯ãªãã®ã«å³ãã§ãããç°ããããã ããã
- é段ãåéã§ããæ¯åãããã
- 40æ³ä»¥ä¸
- å«ç
Â
åå ãçç¶ã¨æ²»ç
COPDã¯èªè¦çç¶ãç¡ããã¡ã«é²è¡ãã¾ãããé段ãåéãç»ãã¨æ¯åãããããå年代ã®äººã¨æ©ãã¦ããã¨ãã«ãèªåã ãé ãã¦ãã¾ããããªå ´åã¯ãCOPDãçããã¾ãã
é²è¡ããã¨ãå®éæã«ãæ¯åããèµ·ããããã«ãªããèºã ãã§ãªããå ¨èº«ã«æªå½±é¿ãçããå±éºãããã®ã§ãæ ¢æ§ã®å³ããããæ¯åããããå ´åã¯ãæ©ãã«å»çæ©é¢ãå診ãããã¨ããããããã¾ãã
COPDã®åå ã®æ®ã©ã¯å«ç ã§ãããã°ãã®ä¸ã«ã¯å¤ãã®æ害ç©è³ªãå«ã¾ãã¦ãã¦ãããããæ°ç®¡æ¯ã®å£ã«ççãèµ·ããã ãã§ãªããæ°ç®¡æ¯ã®æ«ç«¯ã«ããèºèã«ã¾ã§ä¾µå ¥ãã¦ãçµç¹ãå£ãç©è³ªãããã¾ããPM2.5 ããã®ä¸ã¤ã§ããã°ãã«ãå¤ãå«ã¾ãã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
çç¶
æ害ç©è³ªã«ããæ°ç®¡æ¯ã«ççãèµ·ããã¨ãå³ãç°ãåºãããã«ãªããæ´ã«ççãé²ãã¨æ°ç®¡æ¯ã®å å®®ãçããªã空æ°ãéãã«ãããªãã¾ãã
æ´ã«èºèã®å£ãå£ãèºèå士ãèåãããªã©ãèºå ¨ä½ãå¼¾åã失ããè¨ããã ã¾ã¾ã«ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã¾ãã
ãã®çµæå¸ãè¾¼ãã 空æ°ãèºã«æºã¾ã£ã¦åãåºããªããªããæ°ãã空æ°ãå¸ãè¾¼ããã¨ãé£ãããªãã®ã§ãæ¯è¦ãããæãã¾ãã
æ´ã«ãã¬ã¹äº¤æï¼é ¸ç´ ãåãå ¥ãã¦äºé ¸åçç´ ãæåºããåãï¼ãååã«è¡ããªããªãããã«ãæ¯åããçãã¾ãã
Â
å ¨èº«ã¸ã®å½±é¿
COPDãèµ·ããã¨ãèºã ãã§ãªããå ¨èº«ã«æªå½±é¿ãçããå±éºãããã¾ãã
ççã§æéãæ°ç®¡æ¯ãªã©ã®ç²èãå·ã¤ãã¦ããã®ã§ãç åä½ã«ææããããããããã¤ã³ãã«ã¨ã³ã¶ãèºçãªã©ã®ææçãèµ·ããããããã¨ãç¥ããã¦ãã¾ãã
å³ãç°ãæ¯åããªã©ã®çç¶ãæ¥æ¿ã«æªåãããå¢æªããèµ·ãããã¨ãããã¾ãã
ã¾ããä»ã®ç æ°ãåä½µããã±ã¼ã¹ãå¤ããã¨ãããã£ã¦ãã¾ãããä¾ãã°
- 骨ç²é¬ç
- çåä½ä¸
- å¿çæ¢å¡
- æ¶åå¨ç¾æ£
- æãã¤
- ç³å°¿ç
ãªã©ã§ãã
èºã®ç æ°ãå ¨èº«ã«å½±é¿ãããã¼ãã®ã¯ãèºã«ççãèµ·ããåå¾ã«ã§ãç©è³ªï¼ãµã¤ãã«ã¤ã³ï¼ãè¡æ¶²ãä»ãã¦å ¨èº«ã«å·¡ããççæ§ã®ç¾æ£ãèµ·ããããã§ãã
ãã®ã»ããæ¯åããèµ·ããã®ã§éåãé¿ããããã«ãªããã¡ã®ãããéåä¸è¶³ã§çåä½ä¸ãèµ·ãããããªãã¾ããæ´ã«å¤åºãé¿ããå¼ããããããã«ãªãã¨ãæãã¤ãèµ·ãããã¨ãã
Â
診æã¨æ¤æ»æ¹æ³
COPDã¯ããããã¨é²è¡ãã¾ããæ°ã¥ããã¨ãã«ã¯çç¶ãéããªã£ã¦ãããã¨ãå¤ããNICEãstudyã2001*ã«ããã¨ã40æ³ä»¥ä¸ã®COPDæç ç8.6ï¼ ãæ£è æ°530ä¸äºº(ç¾å¨ã¯ç´700ä¸äººï¼ã¨æ¨å®ããã¦ãã¾ãã
ä¸æ¹ã2014å¹´ã®åçå´åçæ£è 調æ»ã«ããã¨ãç é¢ã§è¨ºæãããæ£è æ°ã¯ç´26ä¸äººãæªå診è ã500ä¸äººä»¥ä¸ï¼ç¾å¨ã¯æ´ã«å¤ãï¼ããã¨æ¨å®ãããã®ã§ãã
å¤ãã®æ£è ãCOPDã§ãããã¨ã«æ°ã¥ãã¦ããªãããããã¯æ£ãã診æããã¦ããªãã¨è¨ãã®ãç¾å®ã§ãã
*NICEãstudy: 2001å¹´ã«çºè¡¨ããããé 天å 大å¦å»å¦é¨ã®ç¦å°æ°ãã«ãã大è¦æ¨¡ãªç«å¦èª¿æ»ç 究
Â
å¼å¸æ©è½æ¤æ»
COPDã®åæã«ã¯ãèªè¦çç¶ãã»ã¨ãã©ããã¾ãããå³ãç°ããæ³ã®ããããã¿ãã³ã®ãããã¨æãè¾¼ã¿ãç æ°ã«æ°ã¥ããªã人ãå¤ãã®ã§ããCOPDã¯ããããã¨é²è¡ããã®ã§ãæ°ã¥ããã¨ãã«ã¯çç¶ãéããªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
æ¤æ»æ¹æ³
- é¼»ãã¯ãªããã§æã
- 大ããå¸ã£ãæ¯ãæå¾ã¾ã§åã
- èºæ´»éâæ¯ããã¹ã¦åããã£ãéï¼åªåæ§èºæ´»éï¼ã«å¯¾ããæåã®1ç§éã«åããéï¼1ç§éï¼ãã©ã®ããããã®å²åï¼1ç§éï¼ãè¦ã
- 1ç§éã70ï¼ æªæºã®å ´åãCOPDã¨è¨ºæããã
1ç§éãå°ãªãã»ã©ãCOPDã¯é²è¡ãã¦ããã¨èãããã¾ãã
Â
COPDã®æ²»ç
ä¸æ¦COPDãèµ·ããã¨ãå£ããèºèã¯ãã¨ã«æ»ãã¾ãããCOPDã®é²è¡ãé ãããããçç¶ã軽ãããããããã¨ãæ²»çã®ç®çã¨ãªãã¾ãã軽çããéçã¾ã§ã®é²è¡åº¦ã«å¿ããæ§ã ãªæ²»çãè¡ããã¾ãã
ç¦ç ã¨ã¤ã³ãã«ã¨ã³ã¶ã¯ã¯ãã³ã®æ¥ç¨®ã¯ãç æ°ã®ç¨åº¦ã«é¢ãããããã¹ã¦ã®æ£è ãããè¡ãã¾ããçç¶ã«å¿ãã¦ãå¼å¸ãªãããªãã¼ã·ã§ã³ãè¬ç©ãé ¸ç´ çæ³ãªã©ãè¡ãã¾ãã
Â
ç¦ç ãæéè¦
å«ç
è
ã®æç
çãåºå
¸ï¼NICEãstudy
æãéè¦ãªæ²»çã¯ãCOPDã®åå ã¨ãªããã°ããè¾ãããã¨ããã°ããå¸ãç¶ããã¨èºã®æ©è½ãä½ä¸ãç¶ããæ¢ããã°ãã®æç¹ããå«ç ã«ããæ©è½ã®ä½ä¸ã¯æ¢ã¾ããå¹´é½¢ã«å¿ããç©ãããªä½ä¸ã«è¿ããªãã¾ãã
ä»æ´ç¦ç ããã£ã¦ãã¨æãããæ°ã¥ããæç¹ã§ãã°ããè¾ãããã¨ã大åã§ãã
Â
ã¤ã³ãã«ã¨ã³ã¶ã¯ã¯ãã³ã®æ¥ç¨®
COPDæ£è ããã¯å¢æªãèµ·ããããããããã1åèµ·ããã¨ç¹°ãè¿ãããããå½ã«ä¿ããå±éºãããã¾ãããã®ãããããã¤ã³ãã«ã¨ã³ã¶ãèºçãªã©ã®ææçã«ããããªãããã«æ³¨æãããã¨ã大åã§ãã
ã¤ã³ãã«ã¨ã³ã¶ã¯ã¯ãã³ã¨èºçã®åå ã«ãªããã¨ãå¤ãèºççèã«å¯¾ãããèºççèã¯ã¯ãã³ã®ä¸¡æ¹ãæåãããã¨ãå§ãããã¾ãã
Â
éåçæ³ã¨å¼å¸ãªãããªãã¼ã·ã§ã³
æ¯åããããªãããã«ãããã¨ãã¦ãæ´»åéããä½ä¸ããçæ´»ã®è³ªãè½ã¡ãå¾åãããã¾ããããã§éåçæ³ãä¸å¿ã¨ããå¼å¸ãªãããªãã¼ã·ã§ã³ããå»å¸«ãçå¦çæ³å£«ã®æå°ãåãã¦è¡ãã¾ãã
- ã¦ãªã¼ãã³ã°ãæä¹ åãä¸ãã
- çåãã¬ã¼ãã³ã°ãçåãä¸ãã
ãæå¹ã§ãã
çåãã¤ãã¨ãå°ãªãé ¸ç´ éã§ä½ãåããè½åãé«ã¾ããä½ã楽ã«åãããããã«ãªãã¾ãã
ãã ããèãéããªããªãããã«æ³¨æããå¿ è¦ããããèªå·±å¤æã§ã¯è¡ããªããã¨ã大åãå»å¸«ãçå¦çæ³å£«ã¨ç¸è«ãªããè¡ãã¾ãã
Â
å¼å¸ãªãããªãã¼ã·ã§ã³
æ®æ®µã®çæ´»ã§ãã§ããã ãæ¯åããèµ·ãããªãããã®å¼å¸æ³ãæ¯è¦ãããªã£ãæã®å¼å¸ã®æ´ãæ¹ãç¿å¾ãã¾ãããã®ä¸ã¤ãå£ãã¼ãå¼å¸ã§ãã
- ãè ¹ã«æãå½ã¦ãããªããè¨ãã¾ããªãããé¼»ããæ¯ãå¸ãè¾¼ã
- å£ããã¼ãããã£ããæ¯ãã¯ããæå¾ã¾ã§åããã
- ãã®æããã¸ããèä¸ã«ã¤ããããªæãã§ãè ¹ãã¸ãã¾ãã
å£ããã¼ãããã¨ã«ãããççã§çããªã£ãæ°éã®å§ãä¸ãããã¨ãã§ããã®ã§ãæ°ç®¡æ¯ã®ä¸ãã²ããããæ¯ãå±¥ãæããªãã¾ãã
ãã®å¼å¸æ³ã®æè¦ãã¤ããã¾ã§ãããããã«å¯ãç¶æ ã§è¡ã£ã¦ãããã§ãããã
Â
è¬
æ°ç®¡æ¯ãæ¡å¼µãããæ°ç®¡æ¯æ¡å¼µè¬ãããã«ä½¿ããã¾ããå¸å ¥ããã¿ã¤ããå¤ããçæéä½ç¨åã¨é·æéä½ç¨åãããã¾ãã使ãæ¹ã¯ãä¾ãã°
- 軽çãçæéä½ç¨åãå¿ è¦ãªã¨ã
- ä¸çç以ä¸ãé·æéä½ç¨åãå®æç
- éçãå¢æªãæå¶ããããã«å¸å ¥ã¹ããã¤ãè¬ãä½µç¨
ããããçç¶ãéç度ã«åããã¦ä½¿ãåãã¾ããæè¿ã§ã¯ãé·æéä½ç¨åã®ç§»ç®¡ãæ¡å¼µè¬ã¨å¸å ¥ã¹ããã¤ãè¬ã®åå¤ã使ããã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
é ¸ç´ çæ³
éçã«ãªãã¨èºãã空æ°ä¸ã®é ¸ç´ ãååã«åãè¾¼ãã¾ããããã®ãããæ©æ¢°ã使ã£ã¦é«æ¿åº¦ã®é ¸ç´ ãä¾çµ¦ããå¼å¸ãè£å©ãã¾ããèªå® ã«é ¸ç´ æ¿ç¸®å¨ãç½®ããé¼»ãããã¥ã¼ãã§é ¸ç´ ãéãè¾¼ã¿ã¾ãã
æè¿ã§ã¯ãã«ã¼ãã§æã¡éã¶ãè©ã«ããããèè² ã£ããããæºå¸¯ã¿ã¤ãããããéçã®æ£è ããã§ãå¤åºãå¯è½ã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
åè
é ä½ | å ¨ä½ | ç·æ§ | å¥³æ§ |
---|---|---|---|
1ä½ |
æªæ§æ°çç© ï¼370,346äººï¼ |
æªæ§æ°çç© ï¼219,508äººï¼ |
æªæ§æ°çç© ï¼150,838äººï¼ |
2ä½ |
å¿ç¾æ£ ï¼196,113äººï¼ |
å¿ç¾æ£ ï¼92,142äººï¼ |
å¿ç¾æ£ ï¼103,971äººï¼ |
3ä½ |
èºç ï¼120,953äººï¼ |
èºç ï¼65,609äººï¼ |
èè¡° ï¼63,916äººï¼ |
4ä½ |
è³è¡ç®¡ç¾æ£ ï¼111,973äººï¼ |
è³è¡ç®¡ç¾æ£ ï¼53,576äººï¼ |
è³è¡ç®¡ç¾æ£ ï¼58,397äººï¼ |
5ä½ |
èè¡° ï¼84,810äººï¼ |
ä¸æ ®ã®äºæ ï¼22,121äººï¼ |
èºç ï¼55,344äººï¼ |
6ä½ |
ä¸æ ®ã®äºæ ï¼38,306äººï¼ |
èè¡° ï¼20,894äººï¼ |
ä¸æ ®ã®äºæ ï¼16,185äººï¼ |
7ä½ |
è ä¸å ¨ ï¼24,560äººï¼ |
èªæ®º ï¼16,202äººï¼ |
è ä¸å ¨ ï¼12,652äººï¼ |
8ä½ |
èªæ®º ï¼23,152äººï¼ |
COPD ï¼12,642äººï¼ |
大åèç¤åã³è§£é¢ ï¼8,271äººï¼ |
9ä½ |
大åèç¤åã³è§£é¢ ï¼16,887äººï¼ |
è ä¸å ¨ ï¼11,908äººï¼ |
è¡ç®¡æ§ãªã©ã®èªç¥ç ï¼7,968äººï¼ |
10ä½ |
COPD ï¼15,756äººï¼ |
èç¾æ£ ï¼10,016äººï¼ |
ã¢ã«ããã¤ãã¼ç ï¼7229äººï¼ |
åºå
¸ï¼ãæ§å¥ã«ã¿ãæ»å é ä½ï¼ç¬¬10ä½ã¾ã§ï¼å¥æ»äº¡æ°ã»æ§æå²åãpdfãp13
//www.mhlw.go.jp/toukei/saikin/hw/jinkou/kakutei15/dl/00_all.pdf
åçå´åçã人å£åæ
çµ±è¨ã2015å¹´
Â
æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãã¾ã ã«å«ç çãé«ããç¹ã«å«ç ãå§ããå¹´é½¢ãè¥å¹´åã女æ§ã®å«ç è ãå¢ãã¦ããã®ã§ãä»å¾ã¯æ´ã«æ£è æ°ãå¢ãããã¨ãæ¸å¿µããã¦ãã¾ããCOPDã«ããæ»äº¡çã¯ç¾å¨ã¯ç·æ§ã®ã»ããå¤ãã§ãããä»å¾ã¯å¥³æ§ã®æ»äº¡çãå¢å ããã¨èãããã¾ãã
ã¾ãã大æ°æ±æã§ç¥ãããPM2.5ã®ããã«ç²åãé常ã«å°ããç©è³ªãçµç¹ãå£ãã¾ããPM2.5ã¯å¼å¸ãååã«è¡ããªããªãCOPDã¯èªè¦çç¶ããªããã¡ã«é²è¡ãã¾ãã
40æ³ä»¥ä¸ã§å«ç è ãå³ããããæ¯åããç¶ãã¦ããã¨ãã¯æ¤æ»ãåãã¦ãã ãããç¦ç ãä¸çªã®æ²»çæ³ã§ãããã°ãã«ãå¤ãå«ã¾ãã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
ã¾ã¨ãï½æ ¢æ§çãªå³ãç°ãæ¯åããç¶ãå ´åã¯æ¤æ»ã
æ ¢æ§çã«å³ãç°ãæ¯åããç¶ãå ´åãç¹ã«40æ³ä»¥ä¸ã®å«ç è ã¯COPDã®çããããã¾ããå¼å¸ãååã«è¡ããç¡ããªãå¯è½æ§ãããã®ã§æ¤æ»ã診æãåãã¦ãã ããã
COPDã¨è¨ºæãããå ´åã®ä¸çªã®æ²»çæ³ã¯å«ç ã§ããè¿å¹´å«ç éå§å¹´é½¢ã®ä½ä¸ã女æ§ã®å«ç ãå¢ãã¦ãããä»å¾ãCOPDã®ãªã¹ã¯ãé¿ããããã«ããå«ç ã¯é¿ãããã¨ããããããã¾ãã
ãAnã®ã²ã¨ããã¨ãï½ä»æ¥ã1ãã¼ã¸Â