ãªãç§å¦ãèªã£ã¦ããéãã®ãââã½ã¼ã«ã«äºä»¶ãè¶ ãã¦
- ä½è :ã¸ã§ã¼ã ãºã»ããã¼ãã»ãã©ã¦ã³
- çºå£²æ¥: 2010/11/20
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: åè¡æ¬
ã¾ãã訳è ãã¨ãããã
ã½ã¼ã«ã«äºä»¶
ãã½ã¼ã«ã«äºä»¶ã«å¯¾ãããããªåå¿ãã²ã¨ãã¨ã§ããã°ãããã£ã±ãï¼ãã ãããããæã£ã人ãã¡ã¯ãäºã¤ã®ã°ã«ã¼ãã«åãããã¨ãã§ããã
ï¼ï¼å³æ´¾ãæã£ãããè±æ§ç¯ã¨ãè¨ã£ã¦ãããã¤ãã¯ããã£ã±ããããã¨ãè¨ã£ã¦ããã®ã ã
ï¼ï¼ç§å¦è ãæã£ããã人æã»ææ³ç³»ã®äººãã¡ã®è¨ããã¨ã¯ãããããããã¨æã£ã¦ãããããããããããã®ã¯å½ç¶ã ã£ãã®ã ã
ãã½ã¼ã«ã«ãç´æ¥çã«æ»æ対象ã¨ããã®ã¯ãæ¿æ²»çã«ã¯ãªãã©ã«ã§ãå¦åçã«ã¯æ§æ主義ã®ãªãã§ããããããã¹ãã¢ãã³æ´¾ã¨ãã¦æ¬ããã人ãã¡ã ã£ãããã®äººãã¡ã¯ãç©çãæ°å¦ããããããã«æ´ç¨ããããè¨èã¥ããã«ããã«ãã ãã£ããããããã§åçºãè²·ãããããç©çå¦è ã½ã¼ã«ã«ãããçã«ãããã®ã«ã¯ãã£ã¦ããã ã£ãã®ã ã
ãã¨ããããã½ã¼ã«ã«ãæ»æããã®ã¯ç§å¦ã®å 容ã«ã¤ãã¦ç¡é²åãªãã¨ãè¨ãä¸é¨ã®äººãã¡ã ã£ãã«ããããããããã®ä¸ä»¶ã®ã®ã¡ãäºåä¸ç´ã®äººæç³»ã®å¦åãç©ã¿ä¸ãã¦ãããã¨ããä¸åååãç ´ç®ã«ãã¦ãå±ã«ã´ã«æãæ¨ã¦ããããªçºè¨ããããã«ãªãããã
ãã½ã¼ã«ã«ã¯ãªããç¾ä»£ææ³ãç¸æã«ã¡ãã¶å°ãã²ã£ããè¿ããããªãã¨ããã§ãããã®ã ãããï¼ãã½ã¼ã«ã«èªèº«ã¯ããè±æ§ç¯ããã£ããã©ãããã°å´åè éç´ã®åã«ãªãã®ãããããªããã¨è¨ãã人æç³»ã®äººãã¡ãç§å¦ã«ã¤ãã¦ä½ãè¨ããã¨æ§ããªããããããªããã®ããããªããã¨ãè¨ã£ã¦ããã®ã§ã¯ã左派ã¨ãã¦äººã³ã¨ã®ããã«æ¦ããã¨ã¯ã§ããªãã¨ããèãã示ãã¦ããããã®ä»¶ã®æ¿æ²»çãªé¢ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ããã®ãã¨ããã®æå¾ã®ã»ãã§ããããã¦ç«ã¡è¿ãã¨ãã¦ãã¾ãã¯ã人æç³»ã®äººãã¡ãç§å¦ã«ã¤ãã¦ä½ãè¨ã£ã¦ããã¨ããç¶æ³ã«æ³¨ç®ããããã½ã¼ã«ã«ã®è¡çºã®èæ¯ã«ã¯ãè«æã§ã£ã¡ããäºä»¶ã¨æãåãããã¦ããµã¤ã¨ã³ã¹ã»ã¦ã©ã¼ãºãã¨åã¥ãããããã¨ã«ãªã£ããç§å¦çãªç¥èã®æ§è³ªããããè«äºââç§å¦çç¥èã¯ãã¯ããã¦ããã»ã©å®¢è¦³çãåççãæ®éçãç¹æ¨©çãªãã®ãªã®ã ãããã¨ããåãããããããè«äºââããã£ããç§å¦è ã«ã¨ã£ã¦ã¿ãã°ãç¾ä»£ææ³ãç§å¦ã«ã¤ãã¦èªãå 容ãããã®å®¢è¦³æ§ã«çããããã¯ãããã¨ã¯ãç§å¦ã«ã¤ãã¦ã®ç¡ç¥ã«åºæ¥ããåéãã¨ããæããªããããªãã®ã ã£ããä¸æ¹ãææ³ãµã¤ãã®äººããããã°ãç§å¦ã¯æ¨©åã§ãããæå§ã®ä»£åè©ã ã£ãã®ã ã
ããããããªãç¾ä»£ææ³ã¯ããã»ã©ã¾ã§ã«ç§å¦ãç¸å¯¾åãããã¨ããã®ã ãããï¼å¤§ãã£ã±ã«ãã£ã¦ãåä¹ä¸ç´æ«ããäºåä¸ç´ã®ç¾ä»£å²å¦ã¯ã絶対ã客観ãæ¬è³ªãæ®éã¨ãã£ããããã¾ã§å²å¦èªèº«ã追ãæ±ãã¦ãããã®ãåããªããã¨ã¨ãã«ããããã«ãã£ã¦ããããããããã¾ãã¾ãªããã¡ã§ã®æå§ã®åé¡ã«åãçµãã§ãããå®æãéå¾³ãå°å»ºä¸»ç¾©ãªã©ã人éã«ã¨ã£ã¦æå§çã«æ©è½ãã¦ãããã®ã®æ£å½æ§ãåããªããã¨ãããå°é£ã§éãã試ã¿ããããªããã¦ããã®ã§ããããã®éç¨ã§ããã¤ã¦ã¯çåè¦ãããªãã£ããã®ãæ¤è¨èª²é¡ã«ä¸ãã£ã¦ããããã®ãªããããã¨ãã«ç§å¦ã«é¢ä¿ããä¾ãããã¤ãæãã¦ã¿ããã
ï¼ï¼ãã©ã³ã¹é©å½ã¯ãããã¦åè主義çã ã£ããããã®è¡ãçããå ã¯ã®ããã³ã ã£ããåèã¨ããèãããã®åºç¤ã«ã¯ããç®ãéãã¦ã¯ã£ããã¨ç¥ãã¹ããæ£ããç¥èã¨ãããã®ãåå¨ãããã¨ããææ³ããããï¼ãã®ææ³ã¯ãç§å¦ã¨ããå¶ã¿ã®åºç¤ã§ããããï¼
ï¼ï¼ãã«ã¯ã¹ä¸»ç¾©ã¯ããã®ãã®ãã°ããç§å¦ç社ä¼ä¸»ç¾©ã謳ã£ã¦ãããæ§ã½é£ã«ããã¦ãã®è¡ãçãå ãã©ããªã«æ²æ¨ã§æå§çãªãã®ã§ãã£ããã¯ãã¾ã è¨æ¶ã«æ°ããã
ï¼ï¼ããã¹ã®åªç主義ãå¤ãã®ç§å¦è ããå£ç人種ãå£çãªå人ã¨ããèããç§å¦çäºå®ã¨ãã¦è£ã¥ãããããªçºè¨ãããã
ï¼ï¼ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã«ããã社ä¼é²åè«ãå¼±èå¼·é£ãæ£å½åããããã«ããã¼ã¦ã£ã³ã®é²åè«ãå©ç¨ãããã
ããã®ããã«ãè¿ç¾ä»£å²ã«ããã¦ã¯ãç§å¦ã®æ¨©å¨ãçå¨ããµããã¨ãããã¨ããã³ãã³èµ·ãã£ããããããï¼ã®ã¡ã»ã©åãä¸ããããã«ï¼ããã¯ãã£ãã¦éå»ã®ãã¨ã§ã¯ãªããããã¡ã¨ãã¼ããå¤ãã¦ããã¾ããããããèµ·ãã£ã¦ãããã¨ãªã®ã§ãããå½ç¶ãããã権åçã«æ©è½ããç§å¦çç¥èã¨ã¯ããã£ããã©ããã£ããã®ãªã®ãã¨ããåãããã®é½åº¦ãã¡ããããç§å¦ã®çµ¶å¯¾æ§ã«å¯¾ããåçãçåãå¼·ã¾ã£ã¦ããã®ã ã£ãã
ã絶対çã»æå§çã«ä½ç¨ãããã®ââã¨ããããããã¾ã§çããã¨ãããããªãã£ããã®ââã«ç«ã¡åããã¨ãããäºåä¸ç´ã®å²å¦ã»ææ³ã®åãçµã¿ã®æ義ã¯å¤§ããããããèªãããã¨ãªãã«ã¯ããã½ã¼ã«ã«äºä»¶ãè¶ ãããªããã°ãªããªãçç±ãããããªãã ããã
ãæ¬æ¸ã®èè ã§ããã«ããã®ç§å¦å²å¦è ãã¸ã§ã¼ã ãºã»ããã¼ãã»ãã©ã¦ã³ã¯ãã½ã¼ã«ã«äºä»¶ã®ããã¹ã ããè¦ã¦ãç¾ä»£ææ³ãç©ã¿ä¸ãã¦ãããã¨ããç ´ç®ã«ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããã®äºä»¶ãæè¨ã¨ãã¦ãç§å¦çç¥èãããã«ãã¦å¾ãããã®ãããã®å¦¥å½æ§ã¯ã©ã®ããã«æ ¹æ ã¥ããããã®ãã«é¢ããç解ï¼èªèè«ï¼ãæ·±ããããè¯ã社ä¼ãã¤ããããã«å½¹ç«ã¦ããã¨èãããã¨ãããæ¿æ²»çãªåé¡ãè¦æ®ãã¦ãããã¨ãããã©ã¦ã³ã¨ã½ã¼ã«ã«ã®å¤§ããªå ±éç¹ã ã¨è¨ãããããªããããã§æ³¨æãè¦ããã®ã¯ããã©ã¦ã³ã®çãã¯ã社ä¼çç®æ¨ã«ç§å¦ãç´æ¥çã«å¥ä»ãããã¨ãã£ããã¨ã§ã¯ãªãã¨ããç¹ã ãããè¯ã社ä¼ãç®æããã¨ã¨ãããè¯ãç¥èãå¾ãããã®æ¹çãæ¢ãã¨ããç®æ¨ã¨ãçµã³ã¤ãã®ã¯ãã©ã¡ãã«ã¨ã£ã¦ããã©ã¹ã«ãªããã¨ããã®ãå½¼ã®èããªã®ã§ããã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ããã©ã¦ã³ã®è¨ããæ¦ãã¹ãç¶æ³ã«ã¤ãã¦ãããå°ãå ·ä½çã«èãã¦ã¿ããã身ã®åããçºãã¦ãã¦ããç§å¦çãªç¥èã ã¨è¨ããã¦ãããã®ãããã¤ã¯æé»ã®ãã¡ã«æ¬ é¥ã®ããå½¢èä¸å¦ã«ä¹ã£ãã£ã¦ãããããããããã«èããå®ã£ã½ãææ³ã¨çµã³ã¤ãã¦ãããã¨ã¯ãããããããªããDNAãªããè³ãªãã®ãã¨ããããã¨ããã®é½åº¦ãããã§äººéã®ãã¨ã¯ããã£ããããå²å¦ã¯è¦ããªããå²å¦ã®å½¹å²ã¯æ¸ãã ãã¨ãã£ã主張ãããç§å¦è ãã§ã¦ããããããã¯ãããããã®ç¤¾ä¼ç¾è±¡ãç§å¦çã«èª¬æã§ããã¨ç§°ããç§å¦è ãã§ã¦ããããããããããç§å¦è ãæãã ããã®ã¯ãç§å¦è æ¬äººããã£ã¦ããå®ã£ã½ã人é観ã»ç·å¥³è¦³ã»ç¤¾ä¼è¦³ãªã©ãããã®ã¨ãã©ãã«çºè¦ãããç§å¦çç¥èã¨çµã³ã¤ãã¦ããã ãã«ãããªããã¨ããã¾ãã«ãå¤ãï¼ç·è³ã»å¥³è³ãââããè³ã貧ä¹äººã®éºä¼åã人種çã«å£ã£ãIQâ¦â¦ï¼ãç§å¦ã®æ¨©å¨ã®ãã¨ã§èª¬ããã人éç解ãããã¤ã¯ãå®ã£ã½ãææ³ãåãããã§ããã ãã ã¨ãããï¼ãããåºã人æ°ãå¾ã¦ãæ¿çã«ã¾ã§ãå½±é¿ãåã¼ãã¨ãããï¼
ï¼ç¥ï¼
第ä¸ç« ã®ãªãã»ã©ã«ã¾ã¨ãããã¦ããæ£çµ±çç§å¦è¦³ãã第äºç« ã«æåºãããç§å¦è ã®çµé¨ãããã¦ã±ãã©ã¼ã®ã¨ãã½ã¼ãã«è¦ããããããªãç§å¦ç 究ã«èª²ãããå³ããã¹ã¿ã³ãã¼ãã¯ãç§å¦çç¥èã®åã®æ ¹å¹¹ã§ããããã©ã¦ã³ã¯ãããæ¯æãã¦ãããç§å¦è å人ã¯ããããç§å¦ã®æ¹æ³è«ã«å¿ å®ã§ãããã¨åªããªããã°ãªããªãããã®ããã§ãªãããç§å¦çè«ã¯èªç¶ã«å¯¾ãã¦ã ãã§ãªãã対æçè«ã«å¯¾ãã¦æ¤è¨¼ããããã¨ããç¸å¯¾è©ä¾¡ã®è¦³ç¹ãããç§å¦ã«ããã¦ä¾¡å¤ã¯ç©æ¥µçãªå½¹å²ãæãããããã¨ãã©ã¦ã³ã¯è¨ã£ã¦ããã®ã§ããã
- 第åç«
ãã¹ãã¢ãã³ã®è¨èã¥ãã
ããã¹ãã¢ãã³ä¸»ç¾©è ãã¡ã¯ãè¨èã®ä½¿ãããããã³ããæ¹å¤ããã¦ãããããããè¦æ ã¯ãå½¼ãã®ä½¿ãè¨èã¯ã²ã©ãããã¾ãã ã¨ãããã®ã ãï¼ç¥ï¼
ãä¸è¬ã«ãã©ããªå¦åé åã«ãå°éç¨èªã¯ãããããã®åéã«ç¹æã®æ¦å¿µã表ãããã«ã²ãããã«å½¹ç«ã¤ã®ã¯ãããã ãï¼ç¥ï¼
ãããã«ããããããã§ã¦ããå°éç¨èªã«ã¯æ £ãããããªããã®ãå¤ãããå·®ç°ããè¨èª¬ããæ¬è³ªä¸»ç¾©ããæçåãããã¢ã¤ãã³ãã£ãã£ã¼ãã¨ãã£ãå°éç¨èªã¯ãå¤å ¸é»æ°åå¦ãç解ããããã«å¿ è¦ãªããã¯ãã«å ´ã®çºæ£ããªã©ã¨åæ§ãåå¼·ãã¦ç解ãããããªãããã¹ãã¢ãã³ä¸»ç¾©è ãã¡ãããããå°éç¨èªã使ã£ã¦ããéé£ãããã¹ãã§ã¯ãªãããããããããç¹ã§å½¼ããæ¹å¤ããã¦ãããªããããã¯ã¢ã³ãã§ã¢ã¨ãããã®ã ã
ãã ãããµã¤ãã®èªè ãããã ã¡ãè¦ããã®ã¯ãããããã¸ã£ã¼ã´ã³ã«ãããã¦ã ãã§ã¯ãªãããã¹ãã¢ãã³ä¸»ç¾©è ãæ¸ãããã®ãèªãã¨ãè¨èªã®ä½¿ãããã«éå°ãªã¾ã§ã«æèçã ã¨ããå°è±¡ãåãããï¼ç¥ï¼
ç§å¦è ãã¡ãå°éç¨èªã使ãã®ã¯ãæ£ç¢ºãã¨çµæ¸æ§ã®ããã ãããã¹ãã¢ãã³ä¸»ç¾©è ãã¡ã¯ãè¨èãã®ãã®ã«æ³¨æãåãããããã¨ããã®ã ããããããã¨ã«ä¾¡å¤ãããå ´åãããã ãããï¼ç¥ï¼
ãã®ç®çã¯ããããã¾ãã®ããã«åãããããã¦ããæ¦å¿µã«ã¤ãã¦ãããããæããã¿ã«æºãã¶ããããããã¨ã ãï¼ç¥ï¼
決ã¾ããã£ãç´è¦³çã§å ·è±¡çãªèãããã«ãèªãè ã®é ãå®ä½ãããªãããã«æ¸ããã¦ããã®ã§ããã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ããããããããåé¡ã®ãã¹ã¦ãªã®ã ãããï¼ï¼ç¥ï¼[ãã®ç®çãèæ ®ãã¦ã]å½¼ãã®æ¸ãããã®ã¯ãå®è³ªçãªä¸èº«ã®ããã«ãé¥èãããã±ã¼ã¹ãå°ãªããªãã
å¶åç ´å£è ãã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ã
ããããªã¹ãé£å¶ã«å±ãã人ãã¡ã®ã»ã¨ãã©ã¯ãç§å¦ã®è¨ç·´ã¯ã»ã¨ãã©åãããã¨ããªããç§å¦ã®ç解ã¨ãªãã¨ããã«ä¹ãããããããä½äººãéè¦ãªä¾å¤ãããã第ä¸ç´ã®å¶åç ´å£è ãã¦ã«ã»ãã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãããã®ä¸äººã§ããã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã¨ã¯ã¼ã³ã¯ã1960年代ã®ãã¼ã¯ã¬ã¼æ代ã«ã¯ä»²ã®ããååã ã£ããäºäººã¯æ°ããããªã対話ãéãããªãã§ãåºãåããããããç§å¦è¦³ã«ããããããä¼¼ãæççãªè¦è§£ãè²ãã§ãã£ããå½ç¶ã®ãªãããã¨ãã¦ãã¯ã¼ã³ã¯ãã®ææã«ããã®æåãªèæ¸ãå·çãããã¨ã«ãªã£ããã¯ã¼ã³ã®èä½ã»ã©æåã§ã¯ãªããã®ã®ã質ã®ããã§ã¯ãã£ãã¦ããã«å¼ããã¨ããªãã®ãããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãããã®ææã«èããè«æã説æãéå ãçµé¨ä¸»ç¾©ãã§ãããå½¼ã«ã¯åªããè«èãããããããããã¨ãã«ãã®ä½åã«ã¯ãã証æ ãã¨ããæ¦å¿µããããã«æ²¹æã®ãªããªããã®ã§ãããã示ããã¦ããã
ãããªããã¬ã³ã«ããããçè«ãã¤ãã£ãã¨ããããããã¯ãã¬ã³ç´°èãããã«çºçããã©ã®ããã«è «çã大ãããªããã©ãããã°ãããç ´å£ã§ãããã«ããããçè«ã§ããããã¦ããã§ããããããããªãã¨ããã£ãã¨ãããã©ãã ãããããããããªãã®çè«ã§ã¯ã空ãéãçç±ããæ¨æ¥æ ªå¼å¸å ´ãæ¥è½ããçç±ã説æã§ããªãã§ã¯ãªããããããªãã¯ãããã®ã°ãã°ãããçºè¨ã«è ¹ãç«ã¦ããããããªãããªããªããããããããªãã®çè«ã«è¦æ±ãã¦ãããã¨ã¯ããã®çè«ããã¤ãã£ã¦ããåé¡ã¨ã¯ã¾ã£ããé¢ä¿ããªãããã ãï¼ç¥ï¼
ãããã¯ã¾ã£ãããã£ã¨ããªåå¿ã ã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
[ããã]ãã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã¯ãã®æè½ãçºæ®ãã¦ãããã§èª¬æãããé¢ä¿ããã証æ ãã¨ããèãããã¯ããã¤ã¯å¤§ééãã§ãããã¨ã示ããã®ã ãå½¼ãã¨ããããä¾ã¯ãå¤å ¸ç±åå¦ã¨ãç©è³ªã¨ç±ã«ããããæ°ä½ååéåè«ã¨ã®å¯¾ç«é¢ä¿ã ã£ãããã®ä¾ã¯ããã²ã¨ãããã§ããããè¦ã¦ããããã
ãå¤å ¸ç±åå¦ã§ã¯ãå§åãä½ç©ã温度ãªã©ã®æ¦å¿µãå¿ è¦ã¨ãããããããã¯ãã¹ã¦å¤ããå°ãªãã観測å¯è½ãªéã§ãã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ã対ããååéåè«ã¯ãå°ããªç©è³ªç²åãããªãç®ã«è¦ããªãä¸çããããã®ã¨ä»®å®ãããï¼ç¥ï¼
å¤å ¸ç±åå¦ã®æ¯æè ã«ãã¦ã¿ãã°ã絶対ã«ç ´ããã¦ã¯ãªããªãããã«æãããç±åå¦ç¬¬äºæ³åãè¿ä¼¼çã«ãã説æã§ããªãã®ã ãããå®ç§ãªçè«ãæ¨ã¦ã¦ããã®æ°çè«ã«ä¹ããããçç±ã¯ãªãã£ãã
ãåä¹ä¸ç´ã®ã¯ãããã¹ã³ããã©ã³ãã®çç©å¦è ããã¼ãã»ãã©ã¦ã³ãé©ãã¹ãç¾è±¡ã«æ°ã¥ããã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ãå¤å ¸ç±åå¦ãæ¯æãã人ãã¡ã¯ããã©ã¦ã³éåã®ãã¨ã§é ãçããã¹ãã ã£ãã®ã ãããï¼ãå½¼ãããã©ã¦ã³éåã«ã¤ãã¦èããªãã£ãã®ã¯ãæ ªå¼å¸å ´ã®ååãããªã¼ã¹ãã©ãªã¢ã®ã¦ãµã®ã®åä½æ°ã«ã¤ãã¦èããªãã®ã¨åããã¨ã ã£ãããã¡ããããã©ã¦ã³éåã¯èå³æ·±ãç¾è±¡ã ãããå¤å ¸ç±åå¦ã®æ¯æè ãã¡ã¨ãã¦ãããã®é£åã®ã¡ã«ããºã ã解æãããã°åãã ã ãããããã®ç¾è±¡ãèªåãã¡ã«é¢ä¿ãããã¨èããçç±ã¯ãªãã£ãããã©ã¦ã³éåã¯ãå¤å ¸åå¦ã®ä¸çã®è©±ã§ã¯ãªãã£ãã®ã ã
ããããäºåä¸ç´ã«å ¥ããç¶æ³ã¯å¤§ããå¤ãã£ããã¢ã¤ã³ã·ã¥ã¿ã¤ã³ãââ1905å¹´ã®æç¹ã§ã¯ãå½¼ã¯ãã©ã¦ã³éåã®ãã¨ãç¥ããªãã£ãââæ°ä½ååéåè«ã«ããã°ã観測å¯è½ãªãµã¤ãºããã¤å°ç²åããçã¹ãã¼ãã§åãã¾ããå¤æ°ã®ååã«è¡çªãããçµæã¨ãã¦ãã©ã³ãã ãªéåããããã¨ã«ãªãããã®éåå¾è·¯ã¯è¦ã¦åããã¯ãã ã¨ææããã®ã ããããã¾ä½äººãã®äººãã¡ããã¢ã¤ã³ã·ã¥ã¿ã¤ã³ãäºæ¸¬ããç¾è±¡ã¯ãã¾ããããã©ã¦ã³éåã«ã»ããªããªããã¨ã«æ°ãã¤ããããã®å¾ããã©ã³ãã®ä»äºã«ãããæ°ä½ååéåè«ã«ããäºæ¸¬ã¯ãããã¦æ£ç¢ºã§ãããã¨ã示ããããï¼ç¥ï¼
[å¤å ¸ç±åå¦ã®æ¯æè ãã¡ã]ãããªã£ã¦ã¯ããã®ç¾è±¡ãç¡è¦ããããã«ã¯ãããªããªã£ããçªå¦ã¨ãã¦ãã©ã¦ã³éåã¯ç±åå¦ã«ãã£ã¦èª¬æãããã¹ã課é¡ã¨ãªãããæããã«ç¡é¢ä¿ãªç¾è±¡ãããããã²ãããã«é¢ä¿ã®æ·±ãç¾è±¡ãã«ãªã£ãã®ã ã
ãããããå¼ãã ãããå²å¦çæè¨ã¯æå¿«ã ãããªãã¡ãçè«ã®æ¤è¨¼ã¯ç¸å¯¾çã ã¨ãããã¨ã ãããçè«ãæ£ãããã©ãããæ¤è¨¼ããã¨ããããããã¡ã¯ãã®çè«ãç´æ¥èªç¶ã¨æ¯è¼ããã®ã§ã¯ãªããèªç¶ã¨ã©ã¤ãã«çè«ã®ä¸¡æ¹ã«ç®ãåããããªãããã®ç¾è±¡ãã¯ã£ããã¨çè«ã«é¢ä¿ãã¦ããã®ã¯ãã©ã¤ãã«çè«ããã®ç¾è±¡ã説æããã¨ããªã®ã ã
ãããã¼ãã®èª¬ã¨ã®éãã¯æç½ã ãããããã¼ã«ããã°ãçè«ã®æ¤è¨¼ã«ã©ããªè¨¼æ ãé¢ä¿ããããæãã¦ãããã®ã¯ãçè«ããèªä½ã§ããã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ãã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãããã®ç¬¬äºã®æè¨ãå説ããããã«ãªãã®ã¯ãå¾å¹´ã«ãªã£ã¦ããã®ãã¨ã ã£ãããã®æè¨ã¨ã¯ãå¤å è«ã®éè¦æ§ã§ãããã¤ã¾ããããããã¡ã¯ã©ã¤ãã«çè«ã®è²æã«åªããªããã°ãªããªãã¨ãããã¨ã ããªããªããã©ã¤ãã«çè«ãç»å ´ããã°ãæåã®çè«ã«é¢ä¿ã®ãã証æ ãå¢ããããã ãæ°ä½ååéåè«ãç»å ´ããªãã£ããªããå¤å ¸ç±åå¦ã®å¼±ç¹ã«æ°ã¥ããã¨ã¯ã§ããªãã£ããããå¤å ¸ç±åå¦ã®åé¡ç¹ãæããã«ããããã«ã¯ãç´æ¥çãªæ¤è¨¼ãç©ã¿éããã ãã§ã¯ã ããªã®ã ããµã¤ããç§å¦ç 究ã®ããã»ã¹ã¯æ¬¡ã®ãããªãã®ã¨ã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ããã¦ããããèªåã®çè«ã®ééãã«æ°ã¥ãããªããã¯ãããããããªãããããããããã®ã«ã¼ã«ã¯é転ãããã»ããããã®ãããããªãããèªåã®çè«ãã©ãã»ã©æåãã¦ããããã«è¦ãã¦ããã¯ãããããããªããã¦ä»£æ¿çè«ãã¤ããã ãããã¯ããã®çè«ã®ééãã«æ°ã¥ãããã«ã¯ããããããããªãã®ãããããªãããã ã
ããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãããã®ä¾ã§ç¤ºããåæã¯ï¼å½¼ãããããå¼ãã ããæè¨ã¾ã§å«ãã¦ï¼ãç§å¦å²å¦ã«ãããæé«ã®ä»äºã®ã²ã¨ã¤ã§ãããããã¯ã¾ããå½¼ãéæ¿ãªæ¹åã«é²ãããã®å¤§ããªä¸æ©ã¨ããªã£ãã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ããã¦ã1970年代ã«ã¯ããããã«ã¯ããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã¯ããªãéæ¿ã«ãªã£ã¦ãããå½¼ã®éæ¿ãã¯ããã¾ç¤ºããå½¼ã®èª¬ã«æã«å«ã¾ãã¦ããå¤å 主義ããè½çãããã®ã ã£ããå½¼ã¯ããèªèè«çç¡æ¿åºä¸»ç¾©è ãããããã¤ã¹ãããèªç§°ããããã«ãªããç§å¦çæ¹æ³ã«ãããããããã¯ãããªãã§ããããã ã¨å®£è¨ããããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã¯ãç§å¦çæ¹æ³ã¯ï¼ããã¯ãããããä¸ããããã«ã¼ã«ã®éåã§ããï¼ãç§å¦ã®çºå±ã«ã¨ã£ã¦ã¯ããããããã¦ä¸æ¯ã§ãããããããã¾ã«æ害ã§ãããã¨ãå¤ãã¨èããããã«ãªã£ããããã¦å½¼ã¯ãå大ãªç§å¦ç 究ã¯ãã°ãã°ã«ã¼ã«ç ´ãããã¦ããã¨ããæ´å²ä¸ã®ä¾ãæããã¬ãªã¬ãªãã¯ä¿®è¾çã«åªãã¦ããââã¤ã¾ãåã¤ãã®è©æ¬ºå¸«ã ã£ãââã¨ãã£ããããããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã¯ããããåãã¦ããã®ã§ã¯ãªããè¯ãç§å¦ã«ã¯ãããä¸å¯æ¬ ã ã¨ããã®ã§ãããå³å¯ãªæ¹æ³ãç¨ããã®ã¯ãåµé çãªç§å¦ç 究ã妨ãããã¨ã ã¨ããçç±ã«ãããå½¼ã¯ç¡æ¿åºä¸»ç¾©ãã¨ãã®ã ââãããªå½¼ã®ç«å ´ã¯ããã£ã¨ãæåãªèä½ã§ãããæ¹æ³ã¸ã®ææ¦ãã®ã¿ã¤ãã«ã«ãåæ ããã¦ããã
ããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã¯å¤å 主義ããæ§æ¥ã«æ¿æ²»çæè¨ãå¼ãã ããããèªç±ãªç¤¾ä¼ã¨ã¯ããã¹ã¦ã®ä¼çµ±ãã権åä¸æ¢ã«ãããã¦ãåçã®æ¨©å©ã¨æ©ä¼ãæãããã®ã§ããããå¾å¹´ã®èä½ã§ã¯ããããã¡ã¤ã³ãã¼ãã«ãªã£ã¦ããããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã¯ã競åããçè«ã¯ãæ£çµ±çç§å¦ï¼ãã¨ãã°ãµã¤ãã®å¤å ¸åå¦ï¼ããçãããã®ã§ããããããããã»ç§å¦ã®æµãï¼ãã¨ãã°å æè¡ï¼ããçãããã®ã§ããã人ã³ã¨ã®æ®ãããè±ãã«ããèªãã®è¦è§£ã«çåãæããããã¨ããå¥å ¨ãªè¡çºã®ããã«å½¹ã ã¤ã¨ä¿¡ãããçã«éè¦ãªã®ã¯ããççãã¨ããæãããã£ãæ¦å¿µã§ã¯ãªãã人éã®å¹¸ç¦ã ãã¨ã
ãç¡æ¿åºä¸»ç¾©ãæè·ãããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã®æè¦ã¯ããã¾ãã¾ãªèå¯ã«ãã¨ã¥ãã¦å°ããããã®ã ã£ãââããããããã®èå¯ããããªãèå¼±ã ã¨ãããªããã°ãªããªããå½¼ã¯ããããããµããæ¹æ³è«çç«å ´ãä¾ã«æããç§å¦å²ä¸ã«ã¯ãããããç«å ´ãã示ãããã«ã¼ã«ãç ´ã£ãä¾ãããããã§ã転ãã£ã¦ããã¨ãããï¼ç¥ï¼
ãããã¬ãªã¬ãªããã¼ã¦ã£ã³ãã¢ã¤ã³ã·ã¥ã¿ã¤ã³ãæ£çµ±çãªã«ã¼ã«ã«ããã¿ã¤ãã¦ãããªããããããã¡ã«ã¨ã£ã¦ã¯ããããããªãçµæã«ãªã£ã¦ããã ãããã¨ããã®ã§ããã
ããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã®ä¸»å¼µã«ã¯å¤ãã®é£ç¹ããããããã®ã²ã¨ã¤ã¯ãå½¼ãç ´ããã¦ããã«ã¼ã«ã¨ãã¦é¸ãã ãã®ã¯ãæ¹æ³è«ããã¤ãã£ã¦ããã¾ã¨ããªç 究è ãªããã©ã®ã¿ã¡åé¡ã«ãããã«ãªãã«ã¼ã«ã ã¨ãããã¨ã ã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ãéåé»æ°åå¦ã¯ãã£ã¦ã¤ãã®ä¾ã«ãªã£ã¦ãããããã®çè«ã¯ãç¾å¨ã¯ã¨ãããéå»ã«ããã¦ã¯ãééããªãæ·±å»ãªçç¾ãæ±ãã¦ãããé»åã®èªå·±ã¨ãã«ã®ã¼ã¨ãã°ããéãè¨ç®ãã¦ã¿ãã¨ããã®å¤ãç¡é大ã«ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ã£ãã®ã ãããããã®çè«ã¯ããã以å¤ã®ããã¤ãã®ç¹ã§ãããç·ããã£ã¦ããããã«è¦ãããããã¦æçµçã«ã¯ãå®éã«éè¡å¯è½ãªä¿®æ£æ¹æ³ï¼ããããã¿ãã¨ãã°ããããã»ã¹ï¼ãçºè¦ããã¦ãè«ççãªåé¡ããªããªããä»æ¥ã§ã¯ï¼±ï¼¥ï¼¤ã¨ããååã§ç¥ããããã®çè«ã¯ãã¿ãã¨ãªãµã¯ã»ã¹ã»ã¹ãã¼ãªã¼ã«ãªã£ã¦ãããå½åQEDã¯ãä¿¡ãã¦ã¯ãããªããããªçè«ã ã£ãããããããã®çè«ã«ã¯è¦è¾¼ã¿ããããããããå°ãé å¼µã£ã¦ã¿ããã¨èãããã¨ã«ã¯ååæå³ããã£ãã®ã ããã®çè«ã®æ±ããçç¾ãããã®ã¾ã¾å®å®ã®ãããããåæ ãã¦ããã¨èããè ã¯ããªãã£ãï¼ç¥ï¼
ãããã£ã¦ããçç¾ããçè«ãåãããã¦ã¯ãªããªããã¨ããã«ã¼ã«ãæ¨ã¦ãã¨ã¿ãªãã人éã¯ããã¤ã¯ä¸äººãããªãã£ãã®ã ããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã«ã¯ãç§å¦è ãçç¾ãåãããããã«è¦ãããããã話ããã¦ã人ã誤解ã«å°ããããªã¨ãããããã
ï¼ç¥ï¼
ãå¾å¹´ã®ãã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãã«ããç¡æ¿åºä¸»ç¾©çãªèãã¯è¡ãããã ã¨ãã¦ããåæã«å½¼ãå¾ãçµè«ã®å¤ãã¯å¥å ¨ãªãã®ã ã£ããããããå¾ãããæè¨ã¯ããã¡ã¤ã¤ã¢ã¼ãã³ãèªèº«ãããçè«ã®å¤å 主義ãã«ã¤ãã¦å¼ãã ãã¦ããââã人å¤ããã°æ¥½ãã¿å¤ããã¨ã
次åã«ç¶ãã