1.1.

1 PROJECT TITLE

“Farm Resort”

Farm Resorts are farms that offer accommodation and dining

services, for the purpose of participating in or enjoying interactive on-

farm activities and other attractions offered to enrich the tourists’ farm

life experience.1

Agri-tourism - or also referred to as “farm tourism” is a form of

tourism activity conducted in a rural farm area which may include

tending to farm animals, planting, harvesting and processing of farm

products. It covers attractions, activities, services and amenities as

well as other resources of the area to promote an appreciation of the

local culture, heritage and traditions through personal contact with the

local people.

1.1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

The project calls for a plan upon 2.5 hectares (25,000 sq.

meters) of land that will bring together a private house, machinery

zone, animal grounds, agricultural fields and resort accommodations

such as conference center, food and beverage outlets, suites,

swimming pool and basketball court.

1.1.3 PROPONENT

1
The project proponent is Dr. Emiliana S. Velasco. She is the

owner of the 2.5 hectare lot that will be the site of the project. She is

a retired Doctor of Dentistry, widow, and an active member of her

church.

The target market for this project is the general public, especially

people who frequently visit the bus terminals and rest areas of Sison as

they travel to and from Baguio and Manila.

1.1.4 LOCATION OF THE PROJECT

The proposed project site is located within an arid region of

Sison, Pangasinan.

The lot is declared in the name of Emiliana Velasco, through Tax

Declaration No. 009-00020, with an area of twenty-five thousand

(25,000) square meters. The Declaration of Real Property is currently

filed under RA 7160.

The site consists of alluvial clay soil and igneous rocks,

originating from the sedimentation of the Cordillera mountain range,

covered with brush vegetation and various trees on its parameters. 2

2
(cultivated portion of the site )

Sison has two (2) pronounced seasons, the wet and dry. Heavy

rainfall registered during the months of June to September. Average

monthly temperature is 27.88 degrees centigrade with the highest

occurring in January. Typhoons usually pass through Sison. These often

cause floods that destroy residential and agricultural lands and

structures.3

( a scenic view from the westernmost portion of the site )

The Municipality of Sison lies within the latitude 16 deg 11' and

longitude 12 deg and 39' east. It is geographically located on the

northern portion of Pangasinan lying within the provincial boundaries of

La Union and Benguet. It has a total land area of 13,788 hectares or

137.88 square kilometers. It is bounded on the north of Rosario, La

3
Union; on the south by Pozorrubio, Pangasinan; on the southeast by

San Manuel and Binalonan, Pangasinan. 4

The municipality is approximately 200 kilometers north of Manila,

50 kilometers south of San Fernando, La Union, where the regional

office of the national government agencies in Region I are located,

53 kilometers east of Lingayen (via Pozorrubio), the capital of

Pangasinan, and 43 kilometers south of Baguio City.5

Its slope ranges from 0-15% moderately undulate and roll in

many directions.6

The site is bounded by a vacant lot on the North, a vacant lot on

the East, agricultural land on the South, and a creek on the West. 7

(The creek, which serves as the western boundary)

1.2.1 THE NEED

The presence of numerous bus terminals, gasoline stations and

food houses makes Sison an official “rest area” for weary travelers

between Baguio City and Metro Manila. Other than the obvious

presence of supporting infrastructure which would make this endeavor

4
a success, the Municipal Government of Sison has plans to develop

eco-tourism projects such as this.

1.2.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

The Client is a devout Catholic and very active in her church.

She is also displeased with the growing number of bars along the

National Highway in Sison, and the reputation that they bring to the

municipality. For this reason, she envisions a Christian centered oasis

for relaxation and wholesome family fun where visitors could observe

and appreciate the simplicity of life on a farm.

MAJOR GOALS

To design a farm resort for the existing site with good visual

profiles, aesthetic appeal and emphasis on functional, non-destructive

use of all site features, including maximum use of natural lighting and

ventilation. To plan working, living and recreational areas to conform to

space and priority needs. Develop progressive realization of all

facilities, so that not all are visible from one vantage point.

OBJECTIVES

1. Provide stimulating, casual atmosphere for family and

guests

2. Locate private and public areas in a sequence to avoid user

conflicts

3. Position buildings and facilities for minimum environmental

impact.

5
4. Relate interior living areas to exterior space functionally.

5. Plan circulation patterns for both vehicular and pedestrian

traffic.

6. Provide courtyard for seasonal use.

7. Plan for both interior and exterior dining facilities.

8. Use natural contemporary lines and materials consistent

with site.

1.2.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

The project is significant to society, because it is well known that

the young are migrating away in droves from rural settlements. They

leave behind the old who have no choice except to farm. They also say

goodbye to the children who have no capability for an independent

choice. Modernization has created a social “black hole,” mindlessly

destroying anything that smacks of rural culture. To be sustainable,

agriculture has to be culturally sensitive and empowering and should

nurture the cultural renaissance of the countryside. 8 The introduction

of a farm resort is one solution to making agriculture “culturally

sensitive and empowering” in the low social level of barangay Asan

Sur, Sison, Pangasinan.

The project is significant to the client, because she wishes to

create a legacy that will benefit the municipality and her children. She

sees that the project is a good way to make money, but the beauty and

serenity of the project interest her more.

6
The project is significant to the researcher, because he will learn

to deal with actual problems, which may be encountered in the process

of programming, designing, developing and possibly implementing the

project. The professional growth and maturity that the researcher will

gain from the conceptualization to the defense of this challenging and

worthwhile project is immense. The researcher has the added

incentive that the knowledge gained and possible implementation of

the project may one day benefit his town mates in Asan Sur, Sison,

Pangasinan.

1.3.1 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND ON THE BUILDING TYPE

A farm is the basic unit in agriculture. It is a section of land

devoted to the production and management of food, either produce or

livestock. The land and buildings of a farm are called the farmstead.

In the UK, farm as an agricultural unit, always denotes the area of

pasture and other fields together with its farmhouse and farmyeard,

barns, cowsheds, stables, etc.

It may be an enterprise owned and operated by a single individual,

family, or community, or it may be owned by a corporation or

company. A farm can be a holding of any size from a fraction of a

hectare to several thousand hectares. In England there is a vague point

when a large farm ceases to be referred to as a farm and becomes an

7
estate; although this term can refer to a collection of farms in the same

ownership.

The word has its roots in the Anglo-Saxon word feorm, which

relates to provisioning and food supply, and was originally indicative

of a form of taxation, whereby goods or monetary equivalents were

liable to the king. Over time, this taxation was translated into a form of

rental tax.

Enterprises where livestock are raised on rangeland are called

ranches. Where livestock are raised in confinement on feed produced

elsewhere, the term feedlot is usually used. A truck farm is a farm that

raises vegetables, but little or no grain. Truck is an archaic word for

vegetables. Orchard is used for enterprises producing tree fruits or

nuts, and vineyard is used for enterprises producing raisins, wine or

table grapes. The stable is used for operations principally involved in

the production of horses and other animals and livestock.

A farm that is primarily used for the production of milk and dairy

is a dairy farm.

The development of farming and farms was an important

component in establishing towns. Once a people move from hunting

and collecting and from simple horticulture to active farming, social

arrangements of roads, distribution, collection, and marketing can

evolve. With the exception of plantations and colonial farms, farm sizes

tend to be small in newly settled lands and to extend as transportation

8
and markets become sophisticated. Farming rights have been central

to a number of revolutions, wars of liberation, and post-colonial

economics.9

1.3.2 BRIEF DESCRIPTION & HISTORY OF THE PROJECT

The purpose and function of the project is to boost tourism,

income and perhaps create a paradigm that other rural land owners

may follow.

The concept of the project came about, because the 2.5 hectares

of the project site is actually owned by the researcher’s maternal

grandmother. The researcher’s father, who has worked abroad for

many years, is presently managing the current meager developments

upon the land. As the son of a poor tenant farmer, he acquired a love

for the land at a young age, and finds great joy in farming. There are

well-known precedents for promoting natural spaces to alleviate stress,

especially in cities. They are usually in the public form of botanical

gardens and parks, here and abroad. Burnham Park (Baguio City) and

Central Park (New York City) are two examples. The researcher started

researching on farming and came upon information on “hobby farms”,

which is a small, manageable farm-type which is very popular in

Australia. Through internet inquiry, the researcher found that many

people shared this “love of the land” and were sharing that intimacy by

creating farm resorts. The researcher also found supporting

information on “eco-tourism” and “agro-tourism”, which complements

9
the information on farm resorts. Furthermore, it was during a Planning

3 class that the researcher was introduced to the ideas of the urban

visionary, Doxiadis. He states that “human settlements in relation to

urban areas may no longer be satisfactory for their inhabitants.” 10 So,

if the urban areas may no longer be enough, there is nowhere else to

go except to the rural areas. And, that is how the idea for the proposed

farm resort was born. The client, Emiliana S. Velasco, was approached

by the researcher with the idea to develop her 25,000 sq. meters into a

farm resort, and it was enthusiastically approved.

1.3.2 PRELIMINARY CONCEPT OF THE PROJECT

In order to establish a preliminary concept, Dr. Emiliana S.

Velasco, was interviewed and asked about her ancestry. It was noted

that she was of both Chinese and Filipino heritage. With this

information it was decided to use combinations of the circle and square

throughout the design. In feng-sui, the Chinese art of geomancy, the

circle alone symbolises heavenly blessing. The square alone is good

because it symbolises posterity. When these symbols are combined

they represent “heaven and earth”. 10 This is exactly the kind of image

that should be portrayed in a Christian-centered resort. It should be a

heaven on earth. The dualistic approach to the design will “marry”

10
Filipino to Chinese, nature to technology, heaven to earth, Christianity

to Feng-sui, and the circle to square. This is the preliminary concept.

1.4.1 SCOPE OF WORK

The proposed project covers architectural planning, designing,

and programming. In its architectural programming, the design of the

Farm Resort will be limited to the needs and working areas of the

present and expected future annual increase in the number of visitors

and employees. It will also entail the planning of a sewage treatment

plant that will handle wastes coming from the main resort building,

owner’s residence and livestock pens. The proposed project shall only

deal with:

The “Farm Resort” that should cater to the immediate needs of the

farmers, tourists, and town people within the vicinity located at

Asan Sur, Sison, Pangasinan. The site development and

implementation of the facilities will take into account circulation

and proper zoning of areas. Planning and designing of all the

facilities to be developed within the perimeter of the proposed

project, and will include:

 Main Residence

 Conference Hall

 Office Area

 Grocery

 Agricultural building

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 Restrooms (M/F)

 Guest rooms

 Sports facilities / Swimming pool

 Utility and Service Areas

 Parking

 Walkways / Driveways

 Landscaping

 Future expansion in the form of cottages

 Sewage treatment plant

The National Building Code of the Philippines and other National

Codes will serve as the criterion of planning the Proposed Farm Resort.

1.4.2 DELIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT

Graphical presentations include the schemes, preliminary and

final architectural drawings of the proposed Farm Resort, which include

the owner’s house, agricultural building, recreational building with food

and beverage counter. Other areas such as landscape developments,

agricultural fields, sports facilities, livestock shelters, parking areas,

and driveways shall be included and reflected in the Master Plan.

Design form will follow function.

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1.4.3 METHODS OF RESEARCH

The proposed project requires a systematic gathering of data and

effective coordination with the project proponent and the Municipal

Government of Sison to execute an effective architectural solution.

Interviews of Dr. Emiliana S. Velasco, have revealed much in forming

the preliminary concept of the proposed Farm Resort. Internet

researching has revealed much information pertinent to farm resorts

and their keys to success. Optical inspection and government

documents of the actual site has given much information to serve as

further guidance for the design of the proposed Farm Resort.

A survey was also conducted among citizens of Sison,

Pangasinan, Baguio and foreign students of SLU to get their input

about their attitudes and expectations of resort complexes. This

information is also important to make features and amenities of the

resort more in tune with the target market. Results of surveys

conducted by the Department of Tourism were also included to make a

more accurate analysis.

1.5 DEFINITION OF TERMS

Farm - the basic unit in agriculture. It is a section of land devoted to

the production and management of food, either produce or livestock.

Agri-tourism - or also referred to as “farm tourism” is a form of

tourism activity conducted in a rural farm area which may include

13
tending to farm animals, planting, harvesting and processing of farm

products. It covers attractions, activities, services and amenities as

well as other resources of the area to promote an appreciation of the

local culture, heritage and traditions through personal contact with the

local people.

Agri-Tourism/Farm Site - is a working farm producing and/or

showcasing raw and/or processed products.

Day Farm - are farms ideal for day tours/visits usually located near

national highways and main business area.

Farm Resort - are farms that offer accommodation and dining

services, for the purpose of participating in or enjoying interactive on-

farm activities and other attractions offered to enrich the tourists’ farm

life experience.

Farm Tour - refers to the activity of visiting an agri-tourism/farm site

on a day tour, overnight stay or longer period of time for the purpose

of participating in or enjoying farm activities and other attractions

offered.

Farm Product/s - refers to fresh and processed products of the farm.

DOT - the Department of Tourism.

Accreditation - a certification issued by the Department that the

holder is recognized by the Department as having complied with its

minimum standards in the operation of the establishment concerned

14
which shall ensure the safety, comfort and convenience of the

tourists.12

NOTES

1
Department of Tourism, Rules and Regulations
2
The Official Sison web site @ http://elgu2.ncc.gov.ph/sison
3
ibid
4
ibid
5
ibid
6
ibid
7
TAX DECLARATION # 009-00020
8
Nicanor Perlas, Seven Dimensions of Sustainable Agriculture
9
Wikipedia : definition of farm
10
Dr. Evelyn Lip, Feng Shui for Business, p.45
11
Department of Tourism, Rules and Regulations., chapter 1
12
ibid

15
2.1 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

2.1.1 General Information / Issues on Building Type

2.1.2 EXAMPLES

2.1.2.1 Foreign Example

Overbury Farm Resort, accommodations is on beautiful Thetis

Island, southern Gulf Islands, British Columbia( BC ), Canada. Choose

from our wide variety of self catering and rental accommodation for

your family vacation. In addition to our cabin rental and lodging we

host and cater weddings and celebrations and offer facilities for

retreats, reunions and conferences. As a guest at our resort you will

enjoy our exclusive, tranquil 14 acre waterfront setting, gardens and

farm as well as our fine accommodations. All in our perfect secluded

yet convenient location in the Southern Gulf Islands, British Columbia

(BC), Canada.

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Beautiful Thetis Island, nestled in the southern Gulf Islands

Thetis provides the perfect setting for your vacation. Combining

rural seclusion with convenience to the major tourism centers of the

Pacific Northwest Thetis lies nestled amongst the idyllic Gulf Islands

of British Columbia ( bc ), Canada.

Overbury Farm Resort is a quiet, unspoiled oceanfront property of 14

acres with three sheltered beaches. It has been, since 1910, the

home of the Forbes family who farmed here until the 1930's, when

the farm failed in the Depression, Rupert Forbes turned his hand to

building summer cottages for vacation rental from the lumber

salvaged from the farm buildings. The four cabins he constructed

still stand and have served up to three generations of guests.

Rupert's grandson Norm and his wife Arlene took over in 1990 and

have continued to upgrade the historic resort. They have also started

a vineyard, and are developing a farm-gate winery. There now exist

10 housekeeping cabins and lodging units in all. The farm also

includes an organic vegetable garden and beautiful flower

gardens.

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The Overbury Farm Resort main lodge

The Crescent Point Cottages

The Crescent Point Cottages were built in 1983 with all the

conveniences of home and are perfectly suited to both summer and

winter occupation. They are located in a secluded meadow with

their own beach access. These beautiful cedar waterfront cottages

are arranged so each enjoys a private southwestern view of the

ocean. There are four cottages, named after Rupert Forbes' first four

granddaughters, Shannon, Kirsten, Sarah and Samantha.

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Facilities

The cottages are laid out with similar floor plans and include:

 Living room with queen sized sofa bed and woodstove.

 Adjoining dining area.

 Two bedrooms, with queen sized bed in one and twin beds in the

other.

 Modern kitchen with electric range.

 Tiled bathroom with tub and shower.

 The cottages have good passive solar design for winter warmth

and summer cool.

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 Electric heat in addition to the woodstove.

 In addition to the generous 650 sq. foot floor area a spacious

wrap around sundeck with picnic table provides extra living

space and a spot to relax and enjoy your sea view.

 All furnishings, cooking and eating utensils, bedding and towels

are supplied. Bring your own beach towels.

Rates

High season rates are: $855 per week for up to four persons.

The daily rate is $150 for up to four persons. Additional guests are $30

per night or $120 per week.

High season is from May15th until after September 30th. Off

season rates

$85 per night for one person. $95 per night for two persons.

$105 per night for three or four persons.

Floor plans

20
The Summer Cottages are four rustic cottages in the historic

tradition of summer cabins. They were built in the 1930's and have

endeared themselves to three generations of guests.

 1 is Clair's Cottage.

 2 is Mervyn's Manor.

 3 is The Roost.

 4 is Corny Penny.

21
Facilities

 Simple summer cottages.

 Two bedrooms with additional sleeping space on the covered

verandah.

 Refrigerators and showers for each cabin are located centrally.

 fresh air cooler , cold tap and outhouse at the cabin.

 Lighting by oil lamp.

 All furnishings, cooking and eating utensils, pillows. Bring your

own bedding and towels.

Rates

22
$450 per week for up to four persons. Additional guests are $15 per

night or $60 per week.No PST.

Available in the high season , from June 30th until after Labor day

and as part of wedding packages.

Summer Cottage Floor plans

Clair's Cottage

Mervyn's Manor

23
The Roost

Corny Penny

24
Dad's House

Dad's House was built in 1959 by Rupert Forbes for his retirement.

This is a larger unit providing secluded accommodation for larger

families or groups, or just more space for those who need it. The

house suits both winter and summer occupation.

25
Facilities

 Living room with hide-a-bed and fireplace.

 Electric heating.

 One large bedroom and three smaller ones.

 Modern kitchen and bathroom.

 Covered verandah.

 All furnishings, cooking and eating utensils, and pillows are

supplied.

26
Rates

High season rates are: $855 per week for up to four persons.

The daily rate is $150 for up to four persons. Additional guests are $30

per night or $120 per week.

High season is from May15th until after September 30th.

Floor plan

27
Resort plan:

28
2.1.2.2 Local Examples

29
www.thequietplace.com

Set on 25 hectares of sloping terrain fringed with trees, The Quiet Place

Farm Resort is part of a fully functioning agricultural estate in Bago

City, an area planted mostly to rice in the largely sugar producing

province of Negros Occidental. The resort offers a unique opportunity

to experience rural life in the tropics without the sacrifice of comfort.

Twenty-six air- conditioned rooms with modern conveniences and a full-

service restaurant ensure a pleasant, enjoyable and comfortable stay.

There is also the resort's Ayo Spa and Wellness Center offering a menu

of Asian and Filipino health traditions using tropical oils and essences

produced on site or in neighboring communities. For less quiet pursuits

at the resort, there is a swimming pool, several open air pavilions for

parties and events of 30 to 200, an air- conditioned meeting room for

40, a library with a computer with internet connection, a children's play

park, a camping ground, a hiking trail, fishing, boating, billiards, table

tennis and other board games, barbecue pits for outdoor picnics and

rows upon rows of orchids, bromeliads and heliconia to enjoy.

ACCOMODATIONS

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The air becomes suffused with the heady scent of Ylang-Ylang at

night amidst a soft orchestra by crickets and frogs. And early in the

morning, the birds mount a soothing concert. Experience these when

staying at the resort. Twenty-six guestrooms furnished in muted tones

are ready to make each stay comfortable, pleasant, rejuvenating and

unique.

Garden Rooms

The Garden Rooms are in a two-storey building located right

beside the Reception. Each of these rooms has a private balcony and

is equipped with an air-conditioner, a single and a double bed, a

private bathroom with hot and cold water, a color television with

local and cable channels.

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Tree Lane Rooms

Nestled in a row of eucalyptus and mahogany trees, the resort's

sixteen Tree Lane Rooms are slightly off-the-track and offer tranquil

and cool comfort. Housed in a long, two-storey building, its corner

rooms are equipped with queen-sized beds, while the rest of the 12

rooms have one single and one double bed. All Tree Lane Rooms have

individual air-conditioners and private bathrooms with hot and cold

water. Televisions may be provided upon request.

Pavilion Rooms

Ideal for families or a small group of friends, the resort's six Pavilion

Rooms are located nearest the swimming pool. Each is equipped with

an in-dividual air-conditioner, two double beds and a bathroom with

separate shower and toilet areas. Televisions may be provided upon

request.

32
THE RESTAURANT

The resort's chef can whip up a feast of Filipino, Asian & Continental

fare, perked up by herbs grown on the resort's gardens. Popular dishes

are given a twist. There is our own version of the Bistek Tagalog, which

we christened Beefsteak Tabunan. The Oriental Chicken is sauteed in

hoisin sauce with mushrooms and bamboo shoots. Steamed Fish Fillets

come topped in a piquant Balinese sauce or with the chef's own

concoction of ginger- garlic sauce. Savor the flavors in the relaxed

ambience of the open air Restaurant Pavilion overlooking the pool and

the gazebo, while serenaded by a live orchestra of birdsongs. There's

nothing like a melodious way to the heart. The resort's kitchen can

33
cater to any party and event, be it a buffet dinner for a wedding with

200 guests, cocktails for an art exhibit opening or product

presentation, a theme dinner for a special group or set meals for

seminars and workshops.

ASSEMBLY HALLS

Bago Room

If business must be mixed with pleasure, the air-conditioned Bago

Room can host a meeting for forty. Located in the Reception Pavilion,

the Bago Room is named after the city where the resort is located.

Memorabilia from the city's historic past adorn its walls. To inject some

fun into your next planning meeting, we suggest including an outdoor

activity to test physical fitness. The Play Park near the Bago Room is

not strictly for children below 12 years old.

Main Pavilion

The open-air Main Pavilion transforms itself easily for various

occasions: art exhibits, product launches, company outings,

workshops, seminars, weddings, baptisms and family reunions.

Elegant candlelit dinner affairs for up to 200 persons can be

arranged.

34
Other Pavilions

Let your hearts be bound together under the cover of trees,

surrounded by an explosion of tropical color and scents at The Whisper

Corner. Meditate on the meaning of life amidst the lush vegetation at

the Silent Woods. Enjoy the company of friends in a barbecue party in

one of the resort's barbecue pits deep in the forest and right next to

the rice paddies, or at one of the lakeside huts. The close proximity to

nature is an experience that will enhance your special moments.

RESORT ADDRESS:

Km. 14 Barangay Tabunan, Bago City, Negros Occidental,

6101 Philippines

Telephone Number: + 63 34 731 0100

35
THINGS TO DO

Engage your senses with a walk through a path in a forest of tropical

trees, alive with the singing of birds and the rustle of the leaves as

the wind gently weaves through them. Pass by verdant rice fields

carved from the gently sloping hills and through rows of sugarcane

and banana trees and allow your eyes to relax as they feast on

nature's palette in various shades of green, brown and gold. Nourish

the spirit in a garden filled with the heady scent and color of tropical

blooms. Worship the sun by the free-form swimming pool. Get on

board a small boat named Courage and glide through a lake covered

with hyacinth and teeming with fish. Find a quiet corner to read a

book. Gather duck eggs and pick mushrooms at the crack of dawn.

Go for a game of billiards or table tennis, boating on the lake or

biking through the

36
paved path walks. Test your energy levels at the Children's Play Park.

Within the peaceful and tranquil environment of this green sanctuary,

embark on a two-way communion with nature.

37
Guard House Restaurant and
Children's Playground
(main entrance) Shower Rooms
Island on Man Tree Lane Rooms
Made Lake Gazebo
(11- 27 rooms)
Garden Rooms (7-
Lakeside Huts 10 rooms) Silent Woods
Pavillion and
Pavillion Rooms (1-6 Acacia Shade Duck House
rooms)
Reception and
Function Rooms Whisper Corner Barbecue Pits
Shop Swimming Pool Mushroom House
Legend:
Water
Ricefield
Trees
Banana
Tree
Sugar
Cane

38
Villa Escudero......

An interesting two hour drive South from Metro Manila brings you to

one of the Philippines most popular getaways, Villa Escudero, where

Philippine culture and history comes to life.

39
History

Villa Escudero is a working coconut plantation founded in 1872. In

1980 the Escudero family opened the plantation to the general public.

Since then Villa Escudero has developed a worldwide reputation as a

focal point to experience Philippine culture and history in a beautiful

rural setting.

cultural show AERA museum waterfall restaurant swimming

pool

rafting recreation hall souvenir shop snack

bar

Day Visits

40
Convenient, refreshing escapes from the hustle and bustle of Metro

Manila, recharge your batteries, enjoy a variety of fun filled activities

and lunch at the famous Waterfall Restaurant.

41
Overnight Stay

Enjoy an overnight stay with a choice of three styles of

accommodations

 Riverside Cottages

 Long House Garden Units

 Long House Garden Suites

Dinner with nightly entertainment is served in the Coconut Pavilion

from 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. Following a restful sleep enjoy breakfast

served from 7:00 a.m. to 9:30 a.m.

42
Conferences and Special Events

The Villa Escudero Conference Center is the perfect place for a

company conference or special event. The Center features a main hall,

which can accommodate up to 200 participants or can be divided into

two smaller sections. Ample breakout and food service areas are

incorporated into the Center.

43
Weddings

Wedding service includes ceremony at the Chapel of the

Ascencion, transportation of the bride and groom by horse drawn

carriage, and reception at the Wedding Center dramatically set in the

midst of a lush tropical garden.

2.2 DESIGN CRITERIA

Some of the principles of passive and low energy

architecture shall be incorporated into the building designs of the

proposed Farm Resort. In a hot and humid region (Sison,

Pangasinan), effective solar control is necessary, but what is

essential is how to achieve the air stream inside and through the

built environment, in order to have effective ventilation cooling.

Energy efficiency in cooling and day lighting has been a main

concern of the owner, because she wants to save money as well as

have comfortable living arrangements for her, her family, workers,

and guests. The following list is the set of design guidelines of

passive and low energy architecture that will be incorporated in

the proposed farm resort project.

44
1. MASS – Mass stores heat to stable room temperature. For

heating in winter, solar heat is absorbed in daytime and released

at night. For cooling in summer, mass is cooled in nighttime and

keeps room cool in the daytime.

2. SOLAR GLAZING – The solar window or solar collector to inlet

solar heat positively.

3. SHADING – Solar insulation in summer is blocked and heat

penetration into building is prevented.

4. CROSS VENTILATION – Air ventilation lets fresh air in and

exhausts hot room air out. Air movement promotes heat

emission from the human body surface and gives a fresh

feeling.

5. SIDE LIGHTING – High sidelighting is effective to distribute the

illumination homogeneously. The sun control is necessary

depending on the window orientation.

OVERHANG PROTECTION

The angle of the sun differs in summer and in winter Therefore,

roof overhangs can be designed with a length and angle that will shade

windows in summer (hottest months) and allow the sun to enter during

the winter (coolest months). Since the Philippines is a tropical country,

the main concern is in shielding the interior from the summer sun at

midday.

45
The way to calculate the roof overhang is:

ROOF = LATITUDE X WINDOW HEIGHT

(inches) OVERHANG 50

ROOF = 16o X 96” = 30.72” = 78 cm.

OVERHANG 50

46
This is the minimum calculated overhang to be placed on the

proposed buildings, but since the rains are very heavy during the

monsoon season, we shall propose an extension to 1 meter overhang.

National Building Code of the Philippines

All buildings or structures as well as accessory facilities thereto

shall conform in all respects to the principles of safe construction and

must be suited to the purpose for which they are designed.

Buildings or structures and all part thereof as well as all facilities

found therein shall be maintained in safe, sanitary and good working

condition.3

The land or site upon which will be constructed any building or

structure, or any ancillary of auxiliary facility thereto, shall be sanitary,

hygienic and safe. In the case of sites or building intended for use as

human habitation or abode, the same shall be at safe distance, as

determined by competent authorities, from streams or bodies of water

and/or sources of air considered to be polluted; from a volcano or

volcanic site and/or any other building considered to be a potential

source of fire or explosion.4

Building proposed for construction shall be identified according

to their use or the character of its occupancy and shall be classified as

follows:

Group B – Residential, Hotels and

apartments Group C – Education and

Recreation

47
The maximum height and number of storeys of proposed building

shall be dependent upon the character of use or occupancy and the

type of construction, considering end-user population density, light and

ventilation, width of RROW/ streets particularly of its

roadway/carriageway component, building bulk, off-street cum off-site

parking requirements, etc. and in relation to local land use plan and

zoning regulations as well as other environmental consideration, e.g.,

geological, hydrological, meteorological topographical, prevailing traffic

conditions, the availability and capacity of public utility/service

systems, etc.

Table VII.2 Building Height Limit of Agricultural/Agro-Industrial/

Tourism is 15 meters (or must complement the duly-approved BHL in

the major zone it is part of). The building/structure height shall be

measured from the highest adjoining public sidewalk (finished grade)

or ground surface (natural grade); provided; that the height measured

from the lowest adjoining surface shall not exceed such maximum

height by more than 3.00 meters. Except, that towers, spires, and

steeples, erected as parts of the building and not used for habitation

or storage are limited as to the height only by structural design, if

completely of incombustible materials, or may extend but not exceed

600 meters above the prescribed building height limit (BHL) for each

occupancy group.5

48
Whenever available, the potable water requirements for a building

used for human habitation shall be supplied from existing municipal or

city waterworks system.

The quality of drinking water from meteoric, surface or

underground sources shall conform to the criteria set in the latest

approved national Standards for Drinking Water.

The design, construction and operation of deep well for the

abstraction of groundwater shall be subject to the provisions of the

Water Code of the Philippines.6

Determination of Occupant Loads. The occupant load

permitted in any building or portion thereof shall be determined by

dividing the floor area assigned to that use by the unit area allowed

per occupant as determined by the Secretary.

Exit Requirements. Exit requirements of a building or portion

thereof used for different purposes shall be determined by the

occupant load that gives the largest number of persons. No

obstruction shall be placed in the required width of an exit except

projections permitted by this Code.

Number of Exits. Every building or usable portion thereof shall

have at least one exit. In all occupancies, floors above the first storey

having an occupant load of more than 10 shall have not lass than two

exits. Each mezzanine floor used for purposes other than storage, and

if greater in area than 185 square meters or more than 18.00 meters in

49
any dimension shall have at least two stairways to an adjacent floor.

Every storey or portion thereof, having an occupant load of 500 to

999 shall have at least three exits. Every storey or portion thereof

having an occupant load of 1000 or more shall have at least four (4)

exits.

Width. The total width of exits in meters shall not be less than

the total occupant load served divided by 165. Such width of exits

shall be divided approximately equally among the separate exits.

Arrangement of Exits. If only two exits are required they shall

be placed a distance apart not less than one-fifth of the perimeter of

the area served measured in a straight line between exits. Where

three or more exits are required they shall be arranged a reasonable

distance apart so that if one becomes blocked, the others will be

available.

Distance to Exits. No point in a building without a sprinkler

system shall be more than 45.00 meters from an exterior exit door, a

horizontal exit, exit passageway, or an enclosed stairway, measured

along the line of travel. In a building equipped with a complete

automatic fire extinguishing system the distance from exits may be

increased 60.00 meters.

Fire-Extinguishing System. Where required, standard

automatic fire-extinguishing systems shall be installed in the

following places and in the manner provided in this code.

50
In every storey, basement or cellar with an area of 200 square

meters or more, which is used for habitation, recreation, dining, study,

or work, and which has an occupant load of more than 20.

SEPTIC TANK

Where public sewerage system is not available, outfalls from the

residence, schools, and other buildings shall be discharged following

the minimum requirements.

a. It shall be generally rectangular in shape. When a number of

compartments are used, the first compartment shall have a

capacity from one half to two third of the total volume of the

tank.

b. It shall be built by the concrete, whether pre-cast or poured in

place, brick, concrete block or adobe may be used.

c. It shall not be constructed under the building and within 25

meters from the source of water supply.

Disposal of Septic Tank Effluent

The effluent from the septic tank shall be discharged into a field

subsurface soil absorption field where applicable or shall be treated

with some type of purification service. The treated effluent will

discharge into stream or body of water if it is conforming to the quality

standards prescribed by the National Water Air Pollution Control

Commission.

Solid Waste Disposal

51
Solid waste disposal shall be by sanitary landfill, incineration,

composting, and other methods as may be approved by competent

government authority.

Disposal Sites

The location of solid waste disposal sites shall conform to

existing zoning, land use standards, and pollution control regulations.

Water Pumping for Building/Structures

a. Installation of pumping equipment to supply

buildings/structures directly from existing water supply

system shall not be allowed. An underground water tank or

cistern must be filled by gravity flow from the water supply

system, from where pumps can be installed.

b. To maintain water pressure in all floors of a

building/structure, the following systems may be used:

 Overhead tank supply – may be installed above the roof

supported by the building/structure or on a separate

tower. Water tanks shall be provided with a vent and

an overflow pipe leading to a storm drain and shall be

fully covered.

 Pneumatic tank – an unfired pressure vessel, initially full

of air, into which water from main is pumped. A suitable

pressure switch shall stop the pump when pressure

required is attained. Tank shall be designed for twice

52
the maximum total dynamic pressure required. An air

volume control device shall be installed to maintain

correct air volume inside the tank.

DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM GUIDELINES:

53
DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM

MANILA

RULES AND REGULATIONS TO GOVERN

THE ACCREDITATION OF

AGRI-TOURISM / FARM SITE

PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 292

DATED JULY 25, 1987, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS “ADMINISTRATIVE

CODE OF 1987” SPECIFICALLY TITLE XIII, BOOK IV THEROF, THE

FOLLOWING RULES AND REGULATIONS ARE HEREBY PROMULGATED

TO GOVERN THE ACCREDITATION OF AGRI-TOURISM/FARM SITE.

CHAPTER I

DEFINITION OF

TERMS

Section 1. Definition of Terms. When used in these Rules, unless the

context otherwise indicates, the following terms shall mean as follows:

Agri-tourism - or also referred to as “farm tourism” is a form of

tourism activity conducted in a rural farm area which may include

tending to farm animals, planting, harvesting and processing of farm

products. It covers attractions, activities, services and amenities as

well as other resources of the area to promote an appreciation of the

local culture, heritage and traditions through personal contact with the

local people.
54
Agri-Tourism/Farm Site - is a working farm producing and/or

showcasing raw and/or processed products.

Day Farm - are farms ideal for day tours/visits usually located near

national highways and main business area.

Farm Resort - are farms that offer accommodation and dining

services, for the purpose of participating in or enjoying interactive on-

farm activities and other attractions offered to enrich the tourists’ farm

life experience.

Farm Tour - refers to the activity of visiting an agri-tourism/farm site

on a day tour, overnight stay or longer period of time for the purpose

of participating in or enjoying farm activities and other attractions

offered.

Farm Product/s - refers to fresh and processed products of the farm.

DOT or Department – is the Department of Tourism

Accreditation - is a certification issued by the Department officially

recognizing the holder as having complied with the minimum

standards and requirements prescribed by the Department for the

operation and maintenance of farms/agri-tourism sites.

CHAPTER II

CATEGORIES OF AGRI-TOURISM/FARM SITES

Section 2. Categories of Agri-Tourism/Farm Sites. For purposes of

accreditation, agri-tourism/farm sites are categorized as follows,

namely:

55
a. Day Farm

b. Farm Resort

CHAPTER III

MINIMUM STANDARD REQUIREMENTS

Section 3. Minimum Standard Requirements. For purposes of

accreditation, the following are the minimum standard requirements

for the operation and maintenance of agri-tourism/farm sites:

Location. The farm shall be situated in a generally safe and peaceful

location.

Facilities/Amenities (for day and farm resorts). The farm shall

have the following facilities/amenities, or can also be available in the

nearest service area at least not more than two hours drive from the

farm, in addition to the existing facilities necessary for its regular

operation:

1. Reception/Information Counter - an info counter or a reception

area shall be designated where guests can inquire about the farm’s

tour offerings, services or amenities. It can also serve as briefing area

for the tour.

2. Parking - parking area with designated drop-off/loading area shall

be provided for buses and other public as well as private vehicles.

3. Dining/Multi-Purpose Area - there shall be a dining, recreational

and activity area for guests. Picnic grounds shall use outdoor fixtures

made of indigenous materials in keeping with the farm setting.

56
4. Farm Guide - Farm guides shall accompany the tour group during

the entire conduct of the farm tour. They shall provide information on

farm operations, processes, products and other unique features of the

farm.

5. Souvenir Shop/ Mini-Trading Area - There shall be a souvenir

shop or mini-trading post to provide guests with a place to purchase

the farm’s produce (fresh or processed) and/or negotiate for possible

business partnerships or transactions.

6. Accommodation (for farm resorts only) - There shall be

accommodation facilities which shall comply with the minimum

standard requirements of an accommodation facility of the DOT.

7. Restaurant (for farm resorts only) - There shall be a restaurant

or catering service within the farm resort’s premises to cater to the

dining needs of visitors / guests.

8. Infrastructure - Support infrastructure facilities shall be in place

such as road, electricity, water and communication.

CHAPTER IV

GENERAL RULES ON THE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

OF AGRI-TOURISM/FARM SITES

Section 4. Operation. The farm shall be in operation for at least three

(3) months in a year.

Section 5. Safety and Security. To ensure safety and security, the

following shall be available:

57
a. Security Personnel - Security personnel shall be on duty on a 24-

hour basis to ensure the safety of guests;

b. Safety Signages - Appropriate safety signages shall be

conspicuously displayed within agri-tourism/farm site;

c. “Off Limit” Areas - “Off Limit” areas shall be clearly demarcated.

Access to these areas shall be roped-off or blocked. Public areas shall

be specifically designated;

d. Fire Fighting Facilities - There shall be fire fighting facilities within

the farm;

e. First Aid Kit - A well-stocked first aid kit shall be made available at

all times;

f. Farm Equipment – Farm equipment shall have proper parking or

storage areas. Farm equipment, purposely put on display, shall be

roped-off from visitors.

Section 6. Sanitation. The following sanitary facilities shall be

provided:

a. Wash Areas - There shall be designated wash areas within the

farm with ample amenities such as continues flow of clean water,

soap, hand towel or tissue paper.

b. Restrooms - There shall be separate clean and well-maintained

restrooms for male and female. Bathrooms shall also be provided, if

applicable.

c. Garbage Cans - There shall be garbage cans in all activity areas.

58
d. Garbage Disposal/Waste Management - Garbage/waste disposal

shall adhere to sustainable methods and techniques geared towards

environmental protection.

REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES

DEPARTMENT OF TOURISM

MANILA

RULES AND REGULATIONS TO GOVERN THE ACCREDITATION OF

HOTELS, TOURISTS INNS, MOTELS, APARTELS, RESORTS,

PENSION

HOUSES AND OTHER ACCOMMODATION ESTABLISHMENTS

PURSUANT TO THE PROVISIONS OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 120 IN

RELATION TO REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7160, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE

LOCAL GOVERNMENT CODE OF 1991 ON THE DEVOLUTION OF DOT'S

REGULATORY FUNCTION OVER TOURIST ESTABLISHMENTS, THE

FOLLOWING RULES AND REGULATIONS TO GOVERN THE

ACCREDITATION OF ACCOMMODATION ESTABLISHMENTS ARE

HEREBY PROMULGATED.

59
CHAPTER I

DEFINITION OF

TERMS

Section 1. Definition. For purposes of these Rules, the following

shall mean:

a. Hotel – a building, edifice or premises or a completely

independent part thereof, which is used for the regular reception,

accommodation or lodging of travelers and tourist and the provision

of services incidental thereto for a fee.

b. Resort – any place or places with pleasant environment and

atmosphere conducive to comfort, healthful relaxation and rest,

offering food, sleeping accommodation and recreational facilities to the

public for a fee or remuneration.

c. Tourist Inn – a lodging establishment catering to transients which

does

not meet the minimum requirements of an economy hotel.

d. Apartel – any building or edifice containing several independent

and

furnished or semi-furnished apartments, regularly leased to tourists

and

travelers for dwelling on a more or less long term basis and offering

basic

services to its tenants, similar to hotels.

60
e. Pension house – a private or family-operated tourist boarding

house,

tourist guest house or tourist lodging house employing non-

professional

domestic helpers regularly catering to tourists and travelers,

containing

several independent lettable rooms, providing common facilities such

as

toilets, bathrooms/showers, living and dining rooms and/or kitchen and

where a combination of board and lodging may be provided.

f. Motorist hotel (Motel) - any structure with several separate units,

primarily located along the highway with individual or common parking

space at which motorists may obtain lodging and, in some instances,

meals.

g. Department or DOT – the Department of Tourism.

h. Accreditation – a certification issued by the Department that the

holder is recognized by the Department as having complied with its

minimum

standards in the operation of the establishment concerned which shall

ensure the safety, comfort and convenience of the tourists.

CHAPTER III

CLASSIFICATION OF AND STANDARD

REQUIREMENTS FOR RESORTS

61
Section 7. Kinds of Resorts. Resorts may be categorized as beach

resort

(located along the seashore), inland resort (located within the town

proper or city), island resort (located in natural or man-made island

within the internal waters of the Philippine Archipelago), lakeside or

riverside resort (located along or near the bank of a lake or river),

mountain resort (located at or near a mountain or hill) and theme

parks.

Section 8. Classification of Resorts. For purposes of accreditation,

resorts

shall be classified as follows:

Class

"AAA"

Class "AA"

Class "A"

Special Interest Resort

Section 11. Requirements for a Class "A" Resort. The following

are the

minimum requirements for the operation and maintenance of a Class

"A" Resort:

a. Location and Environment

The resort shall be located in a suitable area free of noise, atmospheric

62
and marine pollution.

b. Parking (If applicable)

An adequate parking space with parking security shall be provided free

to guests.

c. Room Accommodations

Class "A" resort shall have its rooms equivalent to those of an Economy

Class hotel as required under Section 6 hereof.

d. Public Washrooms

There shall be a clean and adequate public toilet and bathroom for

male

and female, provided with sufficient running water, toilet paper, and

soap.

e. Sports and Recreational Facilities

The resort shall offer at least two (2) sports and recreational facilities.

f. Food and Beverage Outlets

The resort shall have at least one (1) food and beverage outlet.

Section 12. Requirements for a Special Interest Resort. The

following are the minimum requirements for the operation and

maintenance of a Special Interest Resort:

a. Location

The camp and ground sites shall be well-drained and not subject to

flooding. It shall be distant from any source of nuisance and shall not

63
endanger sources of any water supply and other natural resources.

b. Lounge and Reception Counter There shall be a reception

counter and

a reasonably furnished lounge commensurate with the size of the

resort.

c. Room Accommodations

There shall be at least five (5) lettable bedrooms for permanent site

operations, sufficient and fresh supply of clean linen, mirror and

electric fan except in places where electricity is not available. For

movable operation, a minimum of sixteen (16) guests plus the staff

shall be accommodated in tents, lean-tos and the like. Where

permanent tents are used, flooring shall be at least four (4) inches

above the ground. Tents shall be provided with adequate beddings

suitable for tropical use. Theme parks may be exempted from this

requirement.

d. Toilet and Bathroom

There shall be separate clean toilet and bathroom facilities for male

and female guests which shall be provided with sufficient supply of

running water and situated in appropriate and accessible areas. The

same shall be supplied with soap and toilet paper. Adequate portable

chemical toilets shall be provided at the camp site for mobile groups.

In the absence of chemical toilets, temporary sanitary latrines shall be

provided based on acceptable Philippine standards.

64
e. Lighting, Furnishing and Ventilation

Lighting arrangement and furnishings in all rooms shall be of good

standard. In areas where there is no electrical power, each room

shall be provided with non-hazardous portable lights. Adequate

means of ventilation shall also be provided.

f. Staff and Service

Adequate number of trained, experienced, courteous and efficient staff

shall be employed. They shall wear clean uniforms at all times. The

frontline staff shall have a good speaking knowledge of English.

Section 13. General Rules on the Operation and Management

of Resorts.

a. Maintenance and housekeeping.

Maintenance of all sections of the resort shall be of acceptable

standard,

and shall be on a continuing basis, taking into consideration the quality

of

materials used as well as its upkeep. housekeeping shall be of such a

standard ensuring well-kept, clean and pollution-free premises. A

vermin

control program shall be regularly maintained in all areas of the resort.

Regular and hygienic garbage disposal system shall be maintained.

Sanitation measures shall be adopted in accordance with the

standards prescribed under P.D. 856, the Code on Sanitation of the

Philippines.

65
b. Lifeguard and security.

All resorts shall provide the services of a sufficient number of well-

trained lifeguards duly accredited by either the Philippine National Red

Cross, the

Water Life Saving Association of the Philippines or any recognized

organization training or promoting safety objectives, and adequate

security whenever there are guests.

c. Medical Services.

All resorts shall provide the services of a physician, either on-call or on

full-time basis, depending on their volume of operation and

accessibility to hospital or medical centers. In additions, resorts shall

employ adequate first-aiders who have completed a course in first aide

duly certified by the

National Red Cross or any other organization accredited by the same.

Adequate first aide medicines and necessary life-saving equipment

shall be provided within the premises.

d. Fire-fighting facilities.

Fire-fighting facilities shall be provided in accordance with the Fire

Code of the Philippines.

e. Signboards.

Appropriate signboards shall be conspicuously displayed outside the

establishment showing clearly the name and classification of the resort

as determined by the Department.

66
f. Beach and lakeside resort.

There shall be placed on a beach or lakeside resort an adequate

number of buoys which shall be spread within the area to be

determined by the resort owner or keeper as safe for swimming

purposes, an in compliance with the existing government regulations

and/or local ordinances on the placing of such buoys.

g. Designated area.

The distance fronting the area of the resort with adequate number of

buoys as provided in the preceding section shall be designated as the

area for swimming purposes, and no boat, banca or other crafts shall

be allowed to enter the areas so designated. The resort owner or his

duly authorized representative shall be empowered under these rules

to enforce the above, and shall likewise designate a portion of the

beach front to be used exclusively for loading and unloading of resort

guests, unless otherwise designated elsewhere by rules and

regulations specific to the area.

h. Precautionary measures.

1. In no case shall the resort management allow swimming at the

beach front beyond 10:00 p.m. and appropriate notice shall be posted

to inform the resort guests of this regulation.

2. Night swimming at the pool shall be allowed only if there are

adequate lifeguards on duty and when the pool premises are

sufficiently lighted.

67
3. Management shall post sufficient and visible signs in strategic areas

in the resort or at the beach to warn guests/customers of the presence

of artificial or natural hazards, danger areas or occurrences threat.

i. Prohibited acts and practices.

1. No pets or animals shall be allowed to bathe/swim along beaches.

Likewise, "pukot" fishing and washing of fishing nets shall be strictly

prohibited in beach resorts.

2. Resort owners shall prohibit ambulant vendors from peddling their

wares within the resort premises in order to provide their guests a

certain degree of privacy to enable them to relax and enjoy their stay

there at.

3. Littering in resorts shall be strictly prohibited. Resort owners shall

keep their premises clean and shall adopt their own anti-littering

measures.

Without prejudice to existing ones no resort shall be established or

constructed within a radius of five (5) kilometers from any pollution-

causing factory or plant."

2.3 FUNCTIONAL AREAS

Data gathered from the Department of Tourism, National Building

Code, Architectural Graphic Standards and Timesaver’s Standards for

Building Types.

Lobby

68
The lobby’s area computation will be based on DPWH

Architectural Design Guidelines, which are 0.25 m.2 per person

for lobby and 0.28 m.2 per person for standing waiting area.

The hotel lobby establishes the mood for the hotel. The

furnishing, size, decorations, color, finishing and lighting are

elegantly designed to create the proper ambience regardless of

the hotel size.

Administration Area

The managing staffs of the hotel are designed together with

business transaction areas, safety time deposits, foreign

exchange counter, communication facilities, etc. are also

incorporated in it.

Rooms

All single and double rooms have a floor area of not less

than 18 sq. m. inclusive of bathrooms.

Souvenir Shop

The shop should accommodate all necessary crafts. The

size depends on the bulk of the souvenirs to be featured.

MULTI-PURPOSE HALL

69
The function hall was designed to accommodate 100 people.

The area will include a 0.60 m high stage and a storage room for

tables and chairs.

CONFERENCE ROOM

The conference room was designed to accommodate 50 people.

It is located on the second floor to give good views to the

surrounding vista.

RESTAURANT

There are no special requirements for the bar and restaurant

which are in a way different from the standard requirements for such a

facility.

Dining

The dining area accommodates customers for both the

bar and restaurant. It was designed so that the areas

achieve

sensory comfort by means of cross ventilation and day lighting

from the north.

Kitchen

The kitchen, pantry and storage are professionally

designed to ensure the efficiency of operation and shall be equipped,

easily maintained, and adequately ventilated and lighted.

70
PARKING SPACES

The parking spaces are provided at the southeast area of each

building. This has been dictated by Feng Shui principles as the most

auspicious location. This placement also prevents vehicular and

pedestrian paths from crossing each other to optimize safety. Analysis

of the existing landscape feature was also considered when planning

the parking placement. The size of an average automobile parking slot

provided is computed at 2.4 meters by 5.00 meters for perpendicular

or diagonal orientation, and at 2.00 meters by 6.00 meters for parallel

parking. A truck or bus parking slot provided has been computed to be

a minimum of 3.60 meters x 12.00 meters.

RECREATIONAL FACILITIES

Swimming Pools

The swimming pools have been designed in the auspicious

bagua shape to maintain a consistent character throughout. The

pools will also aid the passive cooling strategy of cross

ventilation.

The floor slope at the shallow end of the pool is not more

than 30 centimeters vertical to 2.00 meters horizontal. The transition

line between the shallow and the deep water is not less than 1.35

meters or more than 1.50 meters deep.

Tennis Court

71
Many relatives of the project proponent play tennis and

they requested that a tennis court be incorporated into the design. It

lies along a North-South axis behind the main building and away

from the parking area. The tennis court is designed in accordance

with the required dimensions in the Architectural Graphic Standards.

Basketball Court

Basketball is a popular sport for the young people of Sison.

It will also be oriented on a North-South axis to avoid sun glare

and it will be situated adjacent to the tennis court.

Landscape Features

Landscaping strategy for the site will be to introduce trees and

shrubs to complement the existing vegetation. Tall palm trees will be

used to provide shade without blocking cool breezes at window level.

Those that are coconut trees can be harvested year-round. The trees

will not be coconut at the parking and pool areas for consideration of

the safety of the building users. Shrubs and foliage that require little

maintenance will be incorporated to make a relaxing ground cover.

3.1 SITE SELECTION ANALYSIS

3.1.1 SITE SELECTION CRITERIA

Part A: Desirable Surrounding Characteristics for a Farm Resort

1. The Region should have natural beauty.

72
2. Cultural and Social Characteristics of the Region are interesting.

3. Shopping and Commercial Facilities are present in the area.

4. Public Infrastructure to Support Tourism is present in the area.

5. Local attitudes toward Tourists are positive.

6. Accessibility of the Region is well established.

7. Tourism Activity in the Region is already present.

Part B: Desirable Property Characteristics

8. Natural Features of Your Property are interesting.

9. Site Infrastructure exists or can be readily included in venture.

10.Human Resource is readily available from surrounding

community.

3.1.2 SITE SELECTION ANALYSIS

Part A: Desirable Surrounding Characteristics for a Farm Resort

1. The Region should have natural beauty.

 The region has a diverse range of geographic features such as

rock formations, watercourses and/or estuaries, soils, and

landforms.

 The region has an abundance and variety of native animals that

are readily accessible and visible to visitors.

 The vegetation in the region is very diverse, with an abundance

of flowering plants, interesting trees or shrubs, and untouched

habitat areas for native wildlife.

73
 Water is available in the area; natural and man-made water

features exist and offer many opportunities for water-based

sports and recreational activities.

 Traveling through this region is a visually stimulating experience.

2. Cultural and Social Characteristics of the Region are

interesting.

 The region maintains a strong link with its past, with an

abundance of museums, monuments, historic markers and

interpretation centers.

 The region actively promotes the preservation of Indigenous

sites, explorer routes and artifacts, derelict buildings.

 The cultural fabric of the area is rich with religious history,

including places of worship, burial grounds, missions and

Indigenous sacred sites.

 Local celebrations such as dances, agricultural shows, and

special festivals are attractions for visitors to the area.

3. Shopping and Commercial Facilities are present in the area.

74
 The region is serviced by a wide selection of shops including

general merchants, specialty shops and shops catering to

tourists.

 The commercial needs of residents and visitors are well served

with adequate banking, postal, landline telephone, mobile phone

and internet facilities.

 The region is well served with automotive, marine, caravan and

other necessary repair, maintenance and refueling facilities.

4. Public Infrastructure to Support Tourism is present in the

area.

 The region is well serviced by transport services.

 The health and well being of travelers is ensured by medical

services including doctors, dentists and other health

professionals, as well as emergency medical facilities.

 Adequate police and other emergency services maintain the

security and safety of residents and visitors to the area.

 Public areas such as parks, wayside stops, toilets, and

streetscapes, are clean, tidy and well maintained.

 The region assists visitors by providing tourist information

centers, maps, brochures, interpretation of local attractions and

features, tours, local guides, sign posting, and other tourism

supportive artifacts and services.

75
5. Local attitudes toward Tourists are positive.

 The region is investing a lot of energy and resources into

attracting tourists to the area.

 The tourism infrastructure is well established and meets the

needs of visitors to the region.

 Local businesses meet the needs of visitors in a warm and

welcoming manner.

 People involved in tourism related businesses and services in

the region cater for visitors from other cultures in a

sympathetic and understanding manner.

 When I travel within this region I am always made welcome, even

though I may be a stranger.

6. Accessibility of the Region is well established.

 The road system in this region is well developed, with most roads

being all weather sealed highways.

 Visitors easily navigate the road system in this region, and

there is extensive highway and tourist signage.

 This region is close enough to other attractive regions to ensure

that tourists will find it rewarding to visit here.

 There are no seasonal factors such as high rainfall, snow, dust

storms, etc. that affect the accessibility of this area.

 Traffic along the main access routes runs freely at all times.

7. Tourism Activity in the Region is already present.

76
 A number of different tourism operations currently operate in the

region (eg. small businesses, family run operations or large

corporate businesses).

 The tourism industry in your region is seasonal due to climate or

special events/festivals.

 The current tourist market in the region is large enough for

business and competing tourism products.

 The region provides opportunities to create alliances with

existing tourism enterprises in your area (eg. tour operators,

accommodation providers and attractions).

Part B: Desirable Property Characteristics

8. Natural Features of the Property are interesting.

 The property contains or is adjacent to areas of spectacular

beauty, with exceptional views and interesting landforms.

 The property has a diverse range of natural flora with many

examples of native vegetation systems and natural habitats.

 There is an abundance of native wildlife on or adjacent to the

property, which can be readily observed by visitors.

 Water features on or adjacent to the property such as lakes,

dams, rivers and streams are ideal for swimming

9. Site Infrastructure can be readily included in venture.

77
 Electricity reticulation required by the proposal would present no

problems.

 Sufficient water is available to meet the extra demands of the

proposed venture and can be reticulated as required.

 The sewerage treatment facilities will be added and sufficient for

the demands placed upon them.

 Roads (including the entrance to the property), pathways and

car-parking facilities can be upgraded to the level required for

the proposed venture.

 Picnic areas to meet the needs of visitors are planned for

inclusion in the new venture.

10. Human Resource is readily available from surrounding

community.

 The property can supply or hire appropriately skilled labor to

meet the needs of the proposed venture.

 The owners and proposed staff have the necessary interpersonal

and hospitality skills required to operate the venture.

 The owners and proposed staff have the skills necessary to

effectively interpret and describe natural as well as cultural

features on and around the property, and are able to

effectively demonstrate and describe processes and events

that occur on the property.

78
 The owners have, or are able to develop, the business

management skills necessary for the ongoing operation of the

new venture.

 The time demands of other routine or seasonal activities on the

property are unlikely to interfere with efficient operation of the

proposed venture.

3.1.3 CONCLUSION

Based on the checklist, observed characteristics of the lot and

considering the regulations of the Department of Tourism and

comprehensive land use plan, the property is feasible as the site of the

proposed Sison Farm Resort.

3.2 SITE ANALYSIS

The following analysis is based on the visual observation and

research of the author. These observations were then interpreted by

illustrations to show the unique characteristics of the lot.

3.2.1 CLIMATE

79
The greater site length follows an east-west axis. The building skin

must be such that the interior will not be over heated by too much wall

area on the east and west facing walls. For optimum natural

ventilation, the prevailing wind coming from the Northwest must be

used to the best advantage of the project.

3.2.2 CIRCULATION

80
The lot is an interior lot and far from the pollution of the local cement

plant and main thoroughfare road. Circulation pattern design takes

into account existing trees so that they will not be disturbed. Great

care was taken to ensure that pedestrian and vehicular paths do not

cross each other.

3.2.3 NEIGHBORHOOD

81
The surrounding community is rural and well established. The most

pertinent establishments to the success of the project is the Sison

public market and Victory liner bus station.

3.2.4 NATURAL ELEMENTS

82
The site is relatively flat from all of its corners and since it is rich in

natural elements such as trees, which should as much as possible be

preserved to maintain the character of place, buffer noise, and provide

cooling in the form of shading.

3.2.5 MAN-MADE ELEMENTS

83
The site is very much in its natural state. The only man-made

elements are the two deep wells that have been installed to aid in

agricultural and livestock purposes. There are some temporary

structures built on the eastern portion of the site to separately house

goats and a tenant family respectively.

3.2.6 SENSORY FEATURES

84
The site offers wide beautiful views of distant mountains and hills. The

prevailing wind, especially during the hottest month of Sison is coming

from the Northwest. Its cooling effect will be utilized to increase the

comfort of building users.

3.2.7 ZONING

85
The location of areas within the site ere divided and assigned as major

private or public area in major private and public areas within these

public or private areas. Yet, while divided, they also overlap to ease

transition from one to the other.

3.3 SPATIAL ANALYSIS

86
3.3.1 MATRIX ANALYSIS

3.3.2 ZONE DIAGRAMS

87
3.3.3 BUBBLE DIAGRAMS

DROP- OFF PUBLIC PARKING SERVICE PARKING

STAFF PARKING

CRCR
(M)(F)CONFERENCE ROOM

RECEPTI0 N

STORAG
LOBBY SOCIAL HALL
EQUIPMEN T OFFICE STAIRS

GUEST ROOMS

SHOWER ROOMS/ CR CR (STAFF

TENNIS COURT LOUNGE
OFFICE STORAG

LIFEGUARD DINING
BASKETBA LL COURT / FIRST-AID KITCHE N

COTTAGE S B-B-Q PIT/ DIRTY KITCHEN

VOLLEY BALL SWIMMING POOL VIDEOK E BAR

Main Recreational Building

88
Farm Operations

3.4 SCHEMATIC DESIGN

3.4.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT AND FLOOR PLAN

SCHEME 1

MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLAN

89
FIRST FLOOR PLAN

SCHEME2

MASTER DEVELOPMENT PLAN

90
FIRST FLOOR PLAN

*This scheme was chosen for further development.*

3.4.2 PERSPECTIVES

Scheme 1

91
Scheme 2

*This scheme was chosen for further development.*

3.5 DESIGN CONCEPT

3.5.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT AND FLOOR PLAN

Master Development Plan

92
Floor Plan

3.5.2 SECTIONS

LONGITUDINAL SECTION

93
TRANSVERSE SECTION (thru atrium)

3.5.3 Perspective

3.5.4 Block Model

94
3.6 PRELIMINARY DESIGN

3.6.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Site Development Plan

95
3.6.2 FLOOR PLAN

3.6.3 ELEVATION

3.6.4 LONGITUDINAL SECTION

96
3.6.5 EXTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

Aerial View

4.1 ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONS

4.1.1 DESIGN CONCEPT

The design concept was based upon a combination of the

principles of Feng Shui, low-energy tropical design, the vernacular

building construction methods of Sison, and the standards of the

National Building Code of the Philippines. The proposed farm resort

will incorporate practical vernacular construction methods in

combination with the low energy principles of tropical design such as

cross ventilation and day-lighting to produce a comfortable solution.

4.1.2 BUILDING CHARACTER

The building is of neo-vernacular character. It is “organic”,

because its form is derived purely from the function of its program.

97
And “modern vernacular”, because it attempts to transcend two

cultures and design principles to make a conglomeration that is

agreeable to each and to the land where it is proposed to be.

4.1.3 FULL SITE DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Final Site Development Plan

Vehicular paths should be separate from pedestrian paths

and away from the outdoor recreational zone. This consideration was

born out of the need for safety, and because automobile emissions are

detrimental to the air quality at the outdoor recreational area.

98
The pool had to be located on the prevailing windward side of the

main building to bring in a cooling cross-ventilation. The parking lot

had to be placed at its leeward side, to carry away automobile

emissions.

4.1.4 FLOOR PLANS

FIRST FLOOR PLAN (RECREATIONAL BUILDING)

99
SECOND FLOOR PLAN

100
THIRD FLOOR PLAN

Related functional areas of the floor plans flow smoothly into one

another, and its resulting organic arrangement is a relaxing quality.

The main functional areas of the main building have an East-

West orientation to optimize day-lighting and to minimize direct heat

gain from the sun. The floor plans conform to all pertinent

requirements of the National Building Code of the Philippines.

101
4.1.5 ELEVATIONS

EAST ELEVATION

WEST ELEVATION

NORTH ELEVATION

102
SOUTH ELEVATION

From afar, the roof profile is traditionally vernacular, but as you

approach one can see that the roof is very innovative and that the

building form utilizes an auspicious eight-sided form to capture views

on all sides.

Practical vernacular materials are to be incorporated in the

facade of the structures to minimize cost of purchase and transport.

Smooth river stones will be applied to walls to add thickness for

minimizing heat gain.

“Media-aguas” are placed above all windows to the east and

west to minimize solar heat gain. This also makes part of the facade

resemble a Chinese pagoda with its vertically stacked roof

overhangs.

103
4.1.6 SECTIONS

LONGITUDINAL SECTION

TRANSVERSE SECTION

In the sections, passive cooling and day-lighting can be

observed. Low screened jalousie windows capture cool air. Warm air

escapes from a higher window on the leeward side. An atrium is

incorporated to siphon warm air up and out of the main building and to

allow top lighting by a skylight.

104
4.1.7 EXTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

PERSPECTIVE OF DEVELOPED AREA

The exterior perspective shows an aerial view of the main

building.

Note the placement of coconut trees to minimize heat gain through

shading. Also note the organic massing of the main building.

105
4.1.8 INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

INTERIOR PERSPECTIVE

The view at the reception counter, as one emerges from the

lobby, will be dramatic with its sudden upward space and ethereal

light. At the counter, the visitor is given the choice of lounging, dining,

or playing. This was intentionally planned as an interpretation of

entering heaven. Through the glass panes, one can see the inviting

eight-sided pool.

106
4.1.9 SCALE MODEL

TOP VIEW

NORTH VIEW

SOUTH VIEW

107
WEST VIEW

EAST VIEW

108
AERIAL VIEW OF POOL AND MAIN BUILDING

AERIAL VIEWOF AGRICULTURAL BUILDING,

WOKERS’ FACILITIES AND OWNER’S RESIDENCE

109
4.1.10 ARCHITECTURAL DETAILS

The details show the innovative roof framing and swimming

pool feature. Also shown are the details for a stair lift system for the

accommodation of the handicapped.

4.2 COMPUTATIONS

110
As a solution, due consideration is given to the projected number

of occupants to be served as the determinant in finding its area. We

will use the factors provided in the table of minimum space

requirements in the National Building Code. The computed required

spaces here are just minimum and do not necessarily project the true

size of the solution.

4.2.1 DERIVATION OF ROOM (AREA)

SIZES 1.) Main Resort Building

a) Hotel Lobby

Lobby Area = capacity x 0.28

= 200 x 0.28

= 56 sq.

m. Area provided = 96

sq. m.

b) Function Hall

Required Area = Capacity x 1.40

= 150 x 1.40 sq. m.

= 210 sq.

m. Area provided = 240

sq. m.

c) Economy Class Room

The sleeping accommodations of the hotel will shelter 110

persons.

Economy Class Single Bedroom : 5 rooms : 6 x 4 = 24 sq.

111
m.

112
Economy Double Bedroom : 14 rooms : 6 x 4 = 24 sq.

m.

d) Restaurant

Dining Area = no. of seats x 1.40 sq. m. per person

= 160 x 1.40

= 224 sq.

m. Area provided= 272

sq. m.

Kitchen = # of kitchen staff x 8.5 sq. m. per

person

= 9 x 8.5

= 76.5 sq.

m. Area provided = 80 sq.

m.

e) Administrative Office facilities

Office Area = # of office staff x 9.30 sq. m. per person

= 3 x 9.30

= 27.90 sq. m.

Area provided = 32.0 sq. m.

f) Conference Room

Required Area = no. of seats x 1.40 sq. m. per person

= 50 x 1.40

= 70 sq. m.

Area provided = 80 sq. m.

113
2.) Owner’s residence

114
a.) Storage Room – space for supplies

- Consider 1 person

- Adopt Space Factor of 28 m2/person from NBC

- Area = 1 person x 28 m2/person = 28.0 m2

b.) Dining Area – eating area

- Consider 8 persons

- Adopt Space Factor of 1.4 m2/person from NBC

- Area = 8 persons x 1.4 m2/person = 11.2 m2

c.) Kitchen – food preparation room

- Consider 1 person

- Adopt Space Factor of 18.6 m2/person from NBC

- Area = 1 person x 18.6 m2/person = 18.6 m2

d.) Bedroom – individual private space

- Total Area Each: 16 sq. m.

3.) Agricultural building

Total Space is equal to 256 sq. m. including animal pens

a.) Warehouse - room for storing agricultural products

- Consider 2 persons

- Adopt Space Factor 0f 28.0 m2/person from NBC

- Area = 2 persons x 28.0 m2/person = 56.0 m2

4.2.2 PARKING SLOTS REQUIREMENTS

1. Main Resort Building

115
*PD 1096 is 1 slot / 10 rooms.

Required number of parking slots = 25 rooms x (1

slot/10rooms)

= 2.5 or 3 slots

Provided number of parking slots = 8

2. Restaurant

*PD 1096 is 1 slot / 30 sq. m. of customer area.

Customer area = 272 sq. m.

Required number of parking slots = (272 sq. m.) x (1 slot / 30

sq m.)

= 9.06 or 9 slots

3. Function Hall

*PD 1096 is 1 slot / 50 sq. m. of spectator area.

Function Hall Spectator Area =144 sq. m.

Required number of parking slots = (144 sq. m.) x (1 slot / 50 sq.

m.)

= 2.88 or 3 slots

Total number of parking slots required = 20 slots

4.2.3 PERCENTAGE OF OPEN SPACE

Total land area = 25,000 sq. m.

Maximum percentage of Site Occupancy = 50% (without

firewall) Maximum Allowable Paved Open Space = 20%

Minimum Unpaved Open Space = 30%

116
Minimum Open Space Required = 50% (25,000sq. m.) =

12,500 sq. m.

4.2.4 SIZING THE WATER TANK

The following are the demands of water per type of occupancy:

GALLONS / DEMAND OF
NO. OF
USE OF OCCUPANCY DAY WATER IN
OCCUPANCY
PER PERSON GALLONS
Function Hall 150 3 450
Hotel
110 20 2200
Accommodations
Hotel Lobby 200 20 4000
Administration Office 3 15 45
Conference Room 50 15 750

Total gallons per day domestic consumption = 7,445

gallons

Size of Water Tank

Where: 1 cubic meter = 246.2 gallons

Computation:

= 7,445 gallons + 33% fire resistive + 10 % maintenance

= 7,445 + 2456.85 + 744.5 = 10,646.35 gallons

= 10,646.35 gallons x(1 cubic meter / 264.20 gallons) =

40.30m3

For volume:

V= LxWxH

= 4m. x 4m. x 3m.

= 48 cubic

meters Water Tank

Design:

117
Length = 4

meters Width = 4

meters Height =

3 meters

4.2.5 SIZING OF THE SEPTIC TANK

Volume of the septic tank = no. of persons served x .057

= 200 persons x .057 cu. m. = 11.4 cu

m.

Assume 1.2 meter width of the tank per 100 persons.

200 persons x (1.2 meters/100 persons) = 24 m.

width

Maximum depth of a septic tank liquid is 1.50 meters. Solve for

the length of the septic tank.

L x Width x Depth = Volume

L = Volume
Width x
Depth

L = 11.4
2.40 x
1.50

L = 3.20 meters

The value of L is only for the length of the digestion chamber.

Divide by 2 then add result to the value of L to include the
leaching well.

L + L = 3.20 + 3.20
2 2

Total length = 4.80 meters

118
Therefore, the size of the septic tank to serve 200 persons is

2.40 m wide by 4.80 meters long. Overall depth is 180 meters.

119
4.2.6 OCCUPANT LOAD

Main Resort Building

Ground floor area = 1120.00 sq m.

(Dining area) 384 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 274.28

(Kitchen) 80 sq. m. / 18.6 sq. m. = 4.30

(Office area) 32 sq. m. / 9.3 sq. m. = 3.44

(Lounge & Circulatory) 512 sq. m. / 1.24 sq. m. = 412.90

Second floor area = 1168.00 sq. m.

(Suites) 360 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 257.14

(Lounge & Circulatory) 360 sq. m. / 1.24 sq. m. = 290.32

(Conference Room) 80 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 57.14

(Multi-purpose hall) 240 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 171.43

Third floor area = 592.00 sq. m.

(Suites) 360 sq. m. / 1.4 sq. m. = 257.14

(Lounge & Circulatory) 216 sq. m. / 1.24 sq. m. =

174.19

4.2.7 NUMBER OF EXITS AND FIRE EXITS

The number of fire exits, as determined by the National Building

Code, is 6.

4.3 COST ESTIMATES

4.3.1 COST ANALYSIS

120
Based on an interview with a local contractor, the researcher

received a cost parameter of 12,000 Php per sq. m. This is a factor in

the calculation of the building cost for the main resort building.

AREA/SPACES ACTUAL AREA SPACE FACTOR EFFECTIVE AREA

FIRST FLOOR
Lobby 312.00 1.50 468.00
Lounge 112.00 1.50 168.00
Comfort 112.00 1.50 168.00
Rooms
Hallway 40.00 1.50 60.00
Souvenir Shop 16.00 1.50 24.00
Stairs 16.00 1.25 20.00
Reception 12.00 1.50 18.00
Desk
Offices 36.00 1.00 36.00
Kitchen 80.00 1.50 120.00
Dining Area 384.00 1.00 384.00
Total Area
1466.00
Cost Parameter per
First Floor (sq. m.) Total Cost (P)

1466.00 sq. m. 12,000.00 17,592,000.00

AREA/SPACES ACTUAL AREA SPACE FACTOR EFFECTIVE AREA

SECOND FLOOR
Conference rm. 80.00 1.50 120.00
Lounge 112.00 1.50 168.00
Multi-purpose
240.00 1.50 360.00
rm
Hallway 192.00 1.50 288.00

121
Game room 36.00 1.50 54.00
Stairs 16.00 1.25 20.00
Utility rooms 48.00 1.50 72.00
Suites 360.00 1.00 360.00
Verandah 80.00 0.45 36.00
Total Area
1478.00
Cost Parameter per
First Floor (sq. m.) Total Cost (P)

1478.00 sq. m. 12,000.00 17,736,000.00

AREA/SPACES ACTUAL AREA SPACE FACTOR EFFECTIVE AREA

THIRD FLOOR
Lounge 112.00 1.50 168.00
Hallway 104.00 1.50 288.00
Stairs 16.00 1.25 20.00
Utility rooms 16.00 1.50 24.00
Suites 360.00 1.00 360.00
Total Area
860.00
Cost Parameter per
First Floor (sq. m.) Total Cost (P)

860.00 sq. m. 12,000.00 10,320,000.00

OVERALL COST OF MAIN RESORT BUILDING

(FIRST FLOOR) P 17,592,000.00

(SECOND FLOOR) P 17,736,000.00

(THIRD FLOOR) P 10,320,000.00

PROJECT CONSTRUCTION COST P

45,648,000.00

122
123
4.4 FEASABILITY STUDY

4.4.1 MARKETING STUDY

The location of Sison along the National Highway, and the

presence of rest stops; (in the form of food houses, refueling stations,

and handicraft kiosks) presents an opportunity to attract people to the

proposed farm resort. The introduction of a farm resort in Sison would

be a feasible and sustainable business venture, because the basic

needs of food, water, air, and shelter have been considered in the

program in order to optimize the comfort of the building occupants,

while at the same time saving the money for the project proponent.

The proposed “Sison Farm Resort” will have swimming pools and sports

facilities to provide recreation.

The following is a compilation of relevant statistics from the

Department of Tourism (DOT).

124
TABULATED STATISTICS

RELEVANT TO

TARGET MARKET

125
DEMAND

According to the results of 2005 Household Survey on Domestic

Visitors (HSDV) conducted by the National Statistics Office and

Department of Tourism, 43.5 percent (23.7 million) of 54.6 million

Filipinos 15 years old and over traveled within the country during the

period April 1 to September 30, 2005. In general, each individual

made two trips and visited two places in the country at anytime in

the past six months.

Of the 23.7 million Filipino travelers during the past six months,

about 51 percent or (12.1 million) were females. Three out of four

travelers belonged to age group 15 to 44 years old. Six in every ten

travelers were employed.

Based on the results of the survey, Filipinos travel mainly to visit

relatives or friends as reported by more than half (55.6 % or 13.2

million) of those who traveled.

126
Three in every ten traveled for pleasure/relaxation while about

13 percent traveled because of business purposes.

Forty-nine percent, comprising 12.0 million domestic travelers,

spent overnight(s) in their places of destination. Four in every ten

travelers stayed 2 to 3 nights in the place visited. Domestic travelers

usually stayed in the house of relatives or friends. Of those who

traveled during the past 6 months, about 17.0 million indicated that

they want to travel and visit other places in the next 12 months

Almost 99 percent or 23.5 million domestic travelers had independent

domestic trips. These are the travelers who did not avail of travel

package tours.

About 17.5 million of these independent travelers, spent about

P400 for local transport either for themselves alone or including those

of other family members, relatives or friends. Aside from transport

fare, a large number of independent travelers spent for food and

beverages and for shopping amounting to P400 and P1,100 on the

average, respectively. In addition, independent travelers reported an

average spending of P1,200 for accommodation and about P3,200 for

other expenses.

The most frequently visited place was National Capital Region.

Aside from NCR, the top ten places visited were Cavite, Batangas,

Laguna, Iloilo, Bulacan, Nueva Ecija, Pampanga, Cebu, Pangasinan and

Albay.

127
Based on a 2002-2003 Marketing Plan of the DOT, the profile of

the typical Filipino domestic tourist is:

 Male, between 20 – 39 years old

 Metro Manila-based

 Degree Holder

 Stays between 2 to 3 nights

 Engages in sight seeing, shopping and water sports

 Repeats his visit; 2 to 6 times

 Travels alone

 Arranges trip on his own

 Prefers short-haul destinations

It is significant to note that a great number of these domestic

travelers (more than 30%) visit provinces in Region IV. Since majority

of these tourists are from Metro Manila, this would indicate that the

proximity of the place plays an important role in the selection of a

domestic tourist destination.

It is also important to note that these figures represent only

those domestic travelers who stayed in tourist facilities. A sizable

number of travelers, however, do not use lodging facilities and instead

stay in the homes of friends or relatives. Thus, there is a clear

possibility that the actual number of domestic tourists in the

Philippines is far greater than these tables indicate.

128
SUPPLY

There are a few competitors present near the site of the

proposed project site, and the major competitor is the Sunflower

Resort. However, because the location of the proposed project is

closer to the many bus stops, it will attract more tourists: Foreign and

Domestic.

SUPPLY AND DEMAND ANALYSIS

Due to the increasing number of tourists in the Philippines, more

facilities are needed in order to accommodate them. This demand is

usually high during the dry season, as people are able to enjoy outdoor

activities. Another demand that must be addressed is the need for rice

and fresh vegetables, which can be provided by the agricultural portion

of the farm resort. It is a well-known fact that 70% of rice consumed in

the Philippines is imported from abroad. Rice is the staple food of the

Philippines and the project proponent of the farm resort could prosper

by selling whatever surplus rice and agricultural products are

produced, at the local roadside market. The agriculture of a country

may be interesting to a large segment of tourists. Dairy undertakings,

fresh fruits and vegetables, crops, poultry and livestock are types of

farming which are important elements of culture. An important aspect

of tourist services in rural areas is the farmers’ market in which local

agricultural products are sold to the travelers.

FACTORS THAT FAVOR THE GROWTH OF TOURISM

129
1. Rising disposable income for large sections of the population.

N general more money means more travel.

2. Growth in the number of retired persons who have the desire

and the energy to travel. Life expectancy s increasing.

3. Increase in discretionary time – shorter work weeks and longer

vacations.

4. Greater mobility of the population. People became more

accustomed to travel because of the increase in travel

opportunities and the desire to escape from the stress and

pressures of modern life.

5. Growth in the number of “singles.” People living alone have

more free time than couples; hence they want to socialize

through travel.

6. Greater credit availability through credit cards and bank loans.

7. Higher educational levels. University students tend to become

more interested in other cultures.

8. The growth of cities. The Industrial Revolution brought about

migration of people from the rural areas to the urban centers

resulting in the growth of urbanization. City residents travel

more than people living in rural areas to escape from the

congested urban environment.

9. Simplification of travel through package tours.

10. Growth of multinational business.

130
11. Modern transportation technology makes long distance travel

faster, less expensive and more comfortable.

12. Shift in values. A growing number of people are placing more

value on experience rather than material possession.

13. Advances in communication. Television and movies enlarge

the travel perspective.

4.4.2 TECHNICAL ASPECT

The technical aspect of the project, “Sison Farm Resort,” will

primarily deal with the Architectural and Engineering works. This

includes the planning, designing, conceptualization, and methods of

construction.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT

The innovative proposal will answer the market’s needs for

recreation and relaxation, through its facilities and amenities. It will be

a semi-public / semi-private development with space for future

expansion needs.

PROJECT JUSTIFICATION

This proposal is appropriate, because the influx of target market

is never-ending. But, most importantly it will provide much needed job

opportunities to the surrounding community, in both realms of

agricultural production/sale and tourism service.

BASIS FOR THE DESIGN CONCEPT

131
The design concept was based upon various principles of Feng-

Shui, tropical low-energy design, vernacular construction methods and

standards of the National Building Codes.

Feng-Shui has dictated building shapes and orientation of

functional areas. Flights of stairs are not composed of a number which

is a multiple of three and they do not directly face any building

entrance.

Tropical low-energy design principles have dictated facade

treatment of the buildings and landscaping of the site. Double-Hung

windows were chosen, because they promoted convection by allowing

the flow of cool air at a low location on the North facing walls. Warm

air escapes through an upper wall awning window on the opposite

South wall.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVE DESIGN CONCEPT

An alternative design solution to the final design was considered.

The reasons why it was not chosen were:

1. The cruciform of the main building was considered unlucky

because a cross symbolizes unresolved problems.

2. Its formal symmetry resembled the character and massing of a

conservative church more than of an innovative place of leisure

and recreation.

3. The shape of the pool did not conform to the overall character of

the proposed project.

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4. The placement of the aforementioned pool was located amid the

vehicular loop, which exposed it to the detriments of vehicular

exhaust.

5. Vehicular and pedestrian paths crossed. This was considered

unsafe.

6. The swimming pool was not visible from the lobby.

7. The recreational facilities were not combined.

8. The parking lot was not immediately visible upon arrival at the

main building.

9. The exposed placement of the pool might encourage farm

workers to spy on guests.

SITE SELECTION OR LOCATION

The site that the proposed project is to be built upon was chosen.

Most of the competing resorts fall within the DOT restricted radius of 5

kilometers of an industrial plant, the Northern Cement Corporation.

The location of the proposed “Sison Farm Resort,” however is outside

of that 5 km radius. The “discovery” of the natural feature at the

Western boundary is a winning factor of the site. The place is known

by the locals as

“Ma-ulo”. It is called that because it is found at the base of a hill

that resembles the smooth rounded top of a head. Some children are

brave enough to walk the distance toward the hill to get there, but

to many others “Ma-ulo” is a legend that they have not yet seen.

Other than,

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the location satisfies the requirements of natural beauty, interesting

cultural characteristics, local shopping facilities, presence of supporting

infrastructure, positive local attitude towards the resort, accessibility,

and established presence of other local resorts.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS / ASSESSMENT

80% of the relatively level site is fertile and suitable for

agricultural purposes and livestock grazing. The DENR is very strict

regarding the chopping and removal of trees, so most will be saved.

The trees that must be removed will be replaced with banana and

coconut trees which are satisfactory for the shade and/or fruit, which

they provide.

AVAILABILITY OF MATERIALS

Concrete hollow blocks shall be ordered directly from local

manufacturers. Most of the stone to be used in the concrete mix and

facade veneer will be gathered on the site, to save money. Proximity

of the Northern Cement Corporation makes cement readily available.

Timber and plumbing fixtures can be ordered from local vendors and

from the neighboring town of Puzzorubio. To avoid delivery and

storage problems, all materials will be gathered and delivered as

scheduled.

BUILDING LAYOUT

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The site consists of livestock grazing fields and fenced-in

agricultural land. 20% of the total area will used for the built-up

construction of the farm resort. It was decided that, as much as

possible, the fertile ground of the site should be saved for its potential

agricultural use. The dry and stony ground would be best suited for

the location of the main building.

Agricultural buildings will be placed near the front of the site to

privatize the main recreational building, which is in the rear, from the

year-round activities of the farm.

The owner’s residence shall be located between the agricultural

facilities and resort facilities to aid in security of the site by

surveillance of the vehicular entrance, agricultural building and resort

building.

SITE PLAN CONSIDERATIONS

Space allocation

Space allocation includes circulation of passive and active, the

public and the private spaces of the project, to which the convenience

and accessibility is considered and is only done by proper

dissemination of such spaces and through the assurance of security

personnel.

Water Disposal System

Water can be readily pumped from the ground and since there

are scarcely any developments in the immediate surrounding area, the

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water is very clean. A design must be made that will ensure that the

water table stays unpolluted.

It is proposed that by way of a gravity system, gray water from

the third floor suites will be stored in a water tank to be used as the

toilet flushing water on the second level. This shall be done to further

save electricity which would be used to run the pumping engine.

Environmental Consideration

Aside from the safety and convenience to the guests, health and

sanitation is also considered. Provision of the garbage receptacles,

proper design of sewers and septic tank shall be implemented.

Landscaping

Landscape areas enhance the aesthetic value of the proposed

project which serves as buffers against sound and air pollution.

Landscape shall also provide the much needed shade from the heat of

the sun and allow cooling breezes through the structure.

MACHINERY AND EQUIPMENT

Machines and equipment to be used for construction will be

rented. The most practical construction techniques will be taken into

consideration for the fastest and least costly construction.

UTILITIES REQUIRED

There will be a power house to supply electric power in case of

brown-outs, and it shall be placed in the mechanical room. The water

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supply will be completely provided from two deep wells that are

located on the site. Sewer tanks will be provided to accommodate

waste disposal because there are no sewer lines available in the area.

Drainage is provided by the natural water run- off, and this is a

satisfactory condition because the neighboring lands are open space.

Telephone and cable lines are available in the area.

LABOR REQUIREMENTS

The type of labor force is contractual and will come from Sison,

so that there will be no negative feelings toward the project from the

community. It will be up to the contractors to subdivide the work to

subcontractors within the area. The cost of labor will depend on the

percentage both parties must agree upon. There will be no labor

unions present because of the contractual nature of the work.

COST ESTIMATES OR PROJECT COST

The cost estimates will be computed according to cost analysis of

the building components and recreational facilities.

4.4.3 MANAGEMENT ASPECT

The proposed project shall be managed and financed by an

organizational form of a corporation. The corporation will be formed in

accordance with Philippine corporate law such as registration of its

articles of incorporating at the Securities and Exchange Commission

(SEC).

OFFICERS AND KEY PERSONNEL

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 Manager- Head of the management of resort and recreation.

 Receptionists- Greets guests and handles all guest relations

activities.

 Porter- Service men for the guests.

 Utility men- Takes care of utility problems and maintenance.

 Cashier- Handles various monetary tariff income and

expenditures when ordering supplies.

 Cooks- Manages the kitchen area.

 Service Crew- Attends to the needs of diners in the Restaurant.

 Maids- Do all housekeeping of the Hotel portion of the Main

building.

 Lifeguards- supervisor of safety at the pool area.

4.4.4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECT

Socioeconomic Variables and their Effect on Travel

Age

There are several differences between patterns of travel based

on age. Younger people tend to select more active recreational

activities than older people. The elderly (those in the late sixties and

upward) prefer more passive forms of recreation such as visiting

friends and relatives, fishing, sightseeing and playing golf. Older

tourists tend to travel to farther destinations, prefer ship travel, travel

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more in spring than do younger tourists and spend less than middle

age tourists but more than younger tourists.

Income and Social Status

Income and social status have a great influence on travel. Rich

persons as well as persons with higher social status travel more than

those with lower income and lower social class status. Higher income

tourists stay longer and spend more per day than those with lower

incomes.

Education

There is a strong correlation between education and travel.

Generally speaking, the better educated members of the population

have a greater desire to travel. Researchers have found that the more

educated the travelers are, they tend to be more sophisticated in their

tastes. They prefer activities which require the development of

interpretative and expressive skills such as attending plays, concerts,

and art museums, reading books, playing golf, tennis and skiing.

Life Stages of the Family

The presence of children in the family limits travel. More leisure

time is spent at home. As the children grow up and leave home, the

married couples renew interest in travel. Couples in this life stage

usually have more discretionary income and are more financially

capable to travel.

4.4.4 FINANCIAL ASPECT

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The economic effect of tourism can be maximized through the

following strategies, import substitution, incentives and foreign

exchange.

Maximizing the Economic Effect of

Tourism Growth Theories:

Some economic growth theories have been proposed to

maximize the economic effect of tourism within a destination area.

These are the theory of balanced growth and the theory of unbalanced

growth.

Proponents of the theory of balanced growth suggest that

tourism should be viewed as an important part of a broad based

economy. This theory stresses that tourism needs the support of

other industries. Its objective is to integrate tourism with other

economic activities. To obtain maximum economic benefit, tourism

goods and services should be locally produced.

Supporters of the theory of unbalanced growth see tourism as

the spark to economic growth. While the proponents of the theory of

balanced growth stress the development of supply, supporters of the

theory of unbalanced growth emphasize the need to expand demand.

As demand is increased through the vigorous development of tourism,

other industries will move to provide products and services locally.

Undesirable Economic Aspects of Tourism

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Some undesirable economic aspects of tourism are higher prices

and economic instability. Because of the additional demand and/or

increased imports, tourist purchases may result in higher prices in a

destination area. This would mean that local residents, too, would

have to pay more for products and services.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1) Francis D. K. Ching; ARCHITECTURE Form, Space and Order, 2 nd

edition (A Division of International Thomson Publishing Inc.)

2) Joseph De Chiara & Michael J. Crosbie; Time Savers Standards for

Building Types 3rd edition

3) Joseph De Chiara & Michael J. Crosbie; Time Savers Standards for

Building Types 4th edition

4) Max B. Fajado jr.; Planning and Designers Handbook 2nd edition.

5) Max B. Fajado jr.; Simplified Methods on Building Construction, 1983.

6) George S. Salvan; Book 1: Architectural Theories of Design 1st

edition.

7) Ramsey / Sleeper; Architectural Graphic Standards. 9th edition.

8) Vicente B Foz; The National Building Code of the Philippines and its

revised implementing rules and regulations.

9) Motoo Yoshimura; PROCESS Architecture. Volumes 91,98,120

and 127.

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10) Sarah Rossbach; Interior Design with Feng Shui.

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