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    Legazpi Expedition

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    Saffery Gly Layugan
    Miguel Lopez de Legazpi led a Spanish expedition from Mexico in 1564 and established the first Spanish colony in the Philippines in 1565. He founded settlements on the islands of Cebu and Panay before establishing Manila as the capital of the Spanish East Indies in 1571. By the time of his death in 1572, Legazpi had brought much of the Visayas region under Spanish rule through both peaceful alliances with local leaders and military force. His expedition proved crucial in establishing Spanish colonial control over the Philippines for the next 300 years.

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    Legazpi Expedition

    Uploaded by

    Saffery Gly Layugan
    332 views4 pages
    Miguel Lopez de Legazpi led a Spanish expedition from Mexico in 1564 and established the first Spanish colony in the Philippines in 1565. He founded settlements on the islands of Cebu and Panay before establishing Manila as the capital of the Spanish East Indies in 1571. By the time of his death in 1572, Legazpi had brought much of the Visayas region under Spanish rule through both peaceful alliances with local leaders and military force. His expedition proved crucial in establishing Spanish colonial control over the Philippines for the next 300 years.

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    Miguel Lopez de Legazpi led a Spanish expedition from Mexico in 1564 and established the first Spanish colony in the Philippines in 1565. He founded settlements on the islands of Cebu and Panay before establishing Manila as the capital of the Spanish East Indies in 1571. By the time of his death in 1572, Legazpi had brought much of the Visayas region under Spanish rule through both peaceful alliances with local leaders and military force. His expedition proved crucial in establishing Spanish colonial control over the Philippines for the next 300 years.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    332 views4 pages

    Legazpi Expedition

    Uploaded by

    Saffery Gly Layugan
    Miguel Lopez de Legazpi led a Spanish expedition from Mexico in 1564 and established the first Spanish colony in the Philippines in 1565. He founded settlements on the islands of Cebu and Panay before establishing Manila as the capital of the Spanish East Indies in 1571. By the time of his death in 1572, Legazpi had brought much of the Visayas region under Spanish rule through both peaceful alliances with local leaders and military force. His expedition proved crucial in establishing Spanish colonial control over the Philippines for the next 300 years.

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    THE LEGAZPI EXPEDITION

     Who is Miguel Lopez de Legazpi?

    - Miguel López de Legazpi also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo (The Elder), was a Basque
    Spanish navigator and governor who established the first Spanish settlement in the East Indies
    when his expedition crossed the Pacific Ocean from the Viceroyalty of New Spain in modern-
    day Mexico, arrived in Cebu of the Philippine Islands, 1565.
    - He was the first Governor-General of Spanish East Indies which included the Philippines and
    other Pacific archipelagos, namely Guam and the Marianas Islands. After obtaining peace with
    various indigenous nations and kingdoms, Miguel López de Legazpi made Manila the capital of
    the Spanish East Indies in 1571. The capital of the province of Albay in the Philippines, Legazpi
    City bears his name.
    - In 1564, López de Legazpi was commissioned by, the viceroy, Luis de Velasco, to lead an expedition
    Pacific Ocean, to find the Spice Islands where the earlier explorers Ferdinand Magellan and Ruy López
    de Villalobos had landed in 1521 and 1543, respectively.

    - The expedition was ordered by King Philip I of Spain, after whom the Philippines had earlier been named
    by Ruy López de Villalobos. The viceroy died in July 1564, but the Audiencia and López de Legazpi
    completed the preparations for the expedition.

    - On November 19 or 20, 1564, five ships and 500 soldiers, sailed from the port of Barra de
    Navidad, New Spain, in what is now Jalisco state, Mexico
    - Members of the expedition included six Augustinian missionaries, in addition to Fr. Andrés de
    Urdaneta, who served as navigator and spiritual adviser, Melchor de Legazpi (son of Adelanto
    de Legazpi), Felipe de Salcedo (grandson of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi), and Guido de Lavezarez
    a survivor of the expedition of Ferdinand Magellan).
    - López de Legazpi and his men sailed the Pacific Ocean for 93 days.
    - In 1565, they landed in the Mariana Islands, where they briefly anchored and replenished their
    supplies. There they fought with Chamorro tribes and burned several huts.

     Arrival in the Philippines


    - A chief of Bohol island, named Catuna gave information to Miguel Lopez of Sebu and,
    acompanied Lopez as a guide. López de Legazpi's expedition anchored off the Indianized
    Rajahnate of Cebu on February 13, 1565, but did not put ashore due to opposition from
    natives.
    - On February 22, 1565 the expedition reached the island of Samar and made a blood
    compact with Datu Urrao.
    - The Spaniards then proceeded to Limasawa and were received by Datu Bankaw, then to
    Bohol, where they befriended Datu Sikatuna (or Catunao) and Rajah Sigala.
    - On March 16, Legazpi made a blood compact with Datu Sikatuna.
    - On April 27, 1565, the expedition returned to Cebu and landed there. Rajah Tupas
    challenged the Spaniards, but were overpowered by them. The Spaniards established a
    colony, naming the settlements "Villa del Santisimo Nombre de Jesús" (City of the Most
    Holy Name of Jesus) after an image of Sto. Niño in one of the native houses.
    - In 1569, due to scarcity of food provisions in Cebu, Legazpi transferred to Panay where
    they were peacefully welcomed by the people in the Kedatuan Madja-as and they
    founded a second settlement on the bank of the Panay River.
    - n 1570, having heard of the rich resources in Luzon, Legazpi dispatched Martin de Goiti
    to explore the northern region. Landing in Batangas with a force of 120 Spaniards and
    600 Visayans from Cebu and Panay islands, de Goiti explored the Pansipit River, which
    drains Taal Lake.
    - On May 8, they arrived in Manila Bay. There, they were welcomed by the natives. Goiti's
    soldiers camped there for a few weeks, while forming an alliance with the Muslim
    leader, Tariq Suleiman, who was a vassal under the Sultan of Brunei. Legazpi wanted to
    use Manila's harbor as a base for trade with China, but Sulayman refused.
    - On May 24, 1570, after disputes and hostility had erupted between the two groups, the
    Spaniards occupied the Islamized states of
    - Tondo and Manila using scores of colonized Cebuanos and mercenary Illongos as the
    bulk of the Spanish army, those same Visayans having been at war with those Islamic
    states even before the Spaniards arrived.
    - In the same year, more reinforcements arrived in the Philippines, prompting López de
    Legazpi to leave Cebu to Panay and then to Luzon.
    - He recruited 250 Spanish soldiers and 600 native warriors to explore the regions of
    Leyte and Panay. The following year he followed Goiti and Salcedo to Manila, after
    hearing the villages had been conquered.
    - During the early phase of the exploration of the northern part of the Philippines López
    de Legazpi had remained in Cebu, and had not accompanied his men during their
    colonization of Manila, because of health problems and advanced age.
    - In Manila, López de Legazpi formed a peace pact with the native councils as well as the
    local rulers, Tariq Suleiman and Lakan Dula. Both groups agreed to organize a city
    council, consisting of two mayors, twelve councilors and a secretary.
    - López de Legazpi established a settlement there on June 24, 1571 and he also ordered
    the construction of the walled city of Intramuros. He prodaimed the town as the island's
    capital, and the seat of the Spanish government in the East Indies.
     Last Years
    - López de Legazpi governed the Philippines for a year before dying suddenly in Manila on
    August 20, 1572. He died poor and bankrupt, leaving a few pesos behind[quantify], due
    to having spent most of his personal fortune during the conquest. He was laid to rest in
    San Agustin Church, Intramuros.
    - By the time of López de Legazpi's death, the parts of the Visayas had passed to Spanish
    rule. The Spanish met strong resistance from Muslim sultanates on the island of
    Mindanao, the Zambal tribes of Zambales, and the Igorot of the Cordilleran mountains,
    as well as some Wokou pirates from China and Japan.
     Significance of Legazpi’s Expedition
    - Legazpi proved that by utilizing the friendly nature of the Filipinos, there is no need for
    much arms and battles to pacify the archipelago.
    - The archipelagic nature of the Philippines is another one.
    - In addition, Filipino's technical know-how in the art of warfare seems to be no match to
    Spanish superiority in terms of arms and art of warfare.
    - The church through the different religious orders played a very important role in the
    period of pacification from 1565 to 1606.

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