Getting To Know The K-3 Learners

Getting to Know

the K-3
Learners
APRIL CATHRINE G. GLORIA
Why is there a need to know the
preschoolers and early graders?
O Skillful, knowledgeable teaching takes place
when the teacher is eqquipped with child
development information.
O Developmentally appropriate practice is
based on knowledge about how children
develop and learn.
O Developmentally appropriate teaching
means that we approach children from
where they are and not from what we think
they ought to be.
What teachers in the Early Grades
Should Know
O What are the k-3 learners’
developmental characteristics?
Physical-motor
Social-emotional
Language
Intellectual-cognitive
O How are children alike? How are
they different?

O What are some cautions in

interpreting age-level
characteristics?
O How does the developmental (or

delay) in one growth area affect
the other areas?
What is Developmentally
Appropriate Practice (DAP)?
O Age-appropriate
O Individually-appropriate
O Culturally-appropriate
Student Diversity
O How do the following diversities
of students affect student
achievement?
 Socioeconomic status
 Language differences
 Learning Styles
 Multiple Intelligences
O They can color within the lines
O They enjoy group playing and
competitive games
O They become serious, they enjoy
solidarity activities.
O They enjoy telling or dictating familiar
stories
O Have high interest in poetry.
O Enjoy putting language skill to paper
O Have clear ideas and articulate them.
Developmental
Characteristics of
Early Graders
Physical-Motor Development
of 4-year old Children
O Dynamic, acrobatic
O Active until exhausted
O Jump own height and land
upright; jump over objects
O Hop, skip
O Throw large ball, kick accurately
O Hop/stand on 1 foot
O Walk on a straight line
O Turn somersaults
O Alternate feet in going up/down
stairs
O Have sureness and control in
finger activities
O Hold paint brush in adult manner
O Draw a stick figure
O Lace shoes
Social-Emotional
Development of 4-year old
Children
O Assertive
O Cooperate in groups of 2’s, 3’s
O Develop special friends; in group
develops
O Shift loyalties
O Have terrific humor
O Mood changes rapidly
O Dominate, bossy, boastful
O Assertive, argumentative
O Impatient
O Hit, grab, insist on desires
O Tell tall tales
O Give alibis
O Have food jags
Language Development of 4-
year old Children
O Have more words than
knowledge
O A great talker, questioner
O Like words, play with them
O Have high interest in poetry
O Able to talk to solve conflicts
O Respond to verbal directions
O Enjoy taking turns to sing along
O Interested in dramatizing songs,
poems and stories
O Ask ‘’ when’’, ‘’why’’, ‘’how’’
O Join sentences together
Intellectual-Cognitive
Children
O Question constantly
O Interested in how things work
O Judge which two object is larger
O Have accurate sense of time
O Have concepts of some numbers
(1-10)
O Recognize printed words
O Begin to generalize, often fault
O Call people names
O Have dynamic intellectual drive
O Have imaginary playmates
O Do some naming representation
in art
O Have an extended attention
span
O Completely coordinate
O Have adult-like posture
O Tremendous physical drive
O Catch ball from three feet
O Skip using alternate feet
O Enjoy running, jumping, doing
stunts
O Balance on a balance beam
O Jump rope
O Graceful, rhythmic dancer
O Draw recognizable person
O Dress self
O Color within lines
O Cut on a line with
scissors
Social-Emotional
Children
O Have sense of self-identity
O Self-confident
O Enjoy group play, competitive
games
O Sociable
O Get involved with group discussions
O Like adult companionship
O Respect authority
O Ask permission
O Aware of rules
O Insist of fair play
O Enjoy jokes
O Remain calm in emergencies
O Sensitive to ridicule
year old Children
O Use big words
O Use complete sentences
O Can define some words
O Spell out simple words
O Take turn in conversation
O Have clear ideas and articulte
them
O Use big words to give, receive
information
O Insist ‘’ I already know that’’
O Ask question to learn answer
O Make up songs
O Enjoy dictating stories
O Tell familiar story
O Answer telephone, take a
message
Intellectual-Cognitive
Children
O Curious about everything
O Want to know ‘’how’’ and
‘’why’’
O Like to display new knowledge
O Know tomorrow, yesterday
O Can count 10 objects, rote
counts to 20
O Sort objects by single
characteristics
O Sort colors, shapes
O Know name, address
O Know concepts of smallest, less
than, one half
O Tells time by hour
O Know what a calendar is used for
O Attention span increases
noticeably
of 6 to 7-year old Children
O Growth has slowed
O Enjoy acrobatics
O Boisterous, enjoy stunts
O Need active play to let off steam
O Enjoy challenges in balancing
O Like to test limit of own body
O Are hungry at shirt intervals
O Have insatiable taste for sweets
O Basic skills developed, needs
refinement
O Bones solidifying
O Are susceptible fatigue
O Visual acuity reaches normal
Social-Emotional
Children
O Active, outgoing
O Proud of accomplishments
O Like to bring home evidence of
good work
O Observe family rules
O Make social connections
through play
Social-Emotional
development of 7-year old
Children
O Show politeness, consideration of
others
O Enjoy solitary activities
O Relate physical competence to
self concept
O More serious
Language Development of 6
to 7-year old Children
O Enjoy putting language skill to paper
O Talk with adults rather than to them
O Chatter incessantly
O Dominate conversation
O Speech irregularities still common
O Acquisition of new words tapers off
O Bilingual capacities nearly complete
O Ability to learn new language still
present
O Can sequence events and tell
stories
O Like games with simple rules
O May ‘’cheat’’ or change rules
O Have appetite for ‘’ real’’
knowledge
O Sift and sort information
O Conceptualize situations
O More fluid combination of locomotor
and motor skills (Kids can turn, spin
and jump, and perform tasks that help
them in sports.)
O Coordination continues to improve.
O Improved small muscle control
continues to be refined, making
activities such as playing musical
instruments or using tools much easier
and enjoyable.
Emotional Development of 8-
year old Children
O May begin to desire more privacy
O Seeks direct physical contact from
caregivers when under stress, but
may resist physical contact at other
times
O Becomes more balanced in coping
with frustration, failure, and
disappointment
Social Development of 8-year
old Children
O Begins to understand how someone
else feels in a given situation and will
be more capable of placing
themselves in another person’s shoes
O Exhibits a wide spectrum of pro-social
skills including, being generous,
supportive, and kind
O Desires to adhere strictly to rules and
be "fair," which can sometimes lead to
conflicts during organized group play
year old Children
O Able to focus on a task for an
hour or more
O Understands more about their
place in the world
O Has a greater capacity to do
mental math, as well as to work
with abstract and larger (three-
digit) numbers

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Getting to Know

O What are some cautions in

O How does the developmental (or

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