Â
ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã¯å¥åº·ã«è¯ã飲ã¿ãã®ãªã®ã§ããããï¼
Â
ã1991å¹´ãä¸çä¿å¥æ©æ§ï¼WHOï¼ãã³ã¼ãã¼ãããããå¼ãèµ·ããå¯è½æ§ã®ãããªã¹ããã«è¿½å ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦è°è«ãå·»ãèµ·ããã¾ããã
Â
ããã®å¾ã1000ãè¶ ããç 究çµæãå ±åãããããããã¾ã¨ãã¦æ¤è¨¼ããå ±åã2016å¹´ã«Lancet Oncologyã§çºè¡¨ããã¾ããããã®çµæã¯ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã飲ãã§ãä¹³ãããåç«è ºãããèµèãããªã©ã®ãã¾ãã¾ãªç¨®é¡ã®ãããçºçããå¯è½æ§ã¯ä½ããã¨ãããã®ã§ããï¼Loomis D, 2016ï¼ããã®å ±åããã¨ã«ãç¾å¨ã§ã¯ã³ã¼ãã¼ã¯ãçºããæ§ãèªããããªããªã¹ããã«åé¡ããã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
ãããã«2017å¹´ã«ãªãã¨ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã¯çºããæ§ãé«ããã©ããããããã®ãªã¹ã¯ãæ¸å°ããããã¨ãç¶ãã¦å ±åããã¦ãã¾ãï¼Poole R, 2017ãGrosso G, 2017ï¼ããããã®å ±åããã¨ã«ããã¼ãã¼ãå ¬è¡è¡ç大å¦é¢ã®è¦è§£ã«ããã¦ããã³ã¼ãã¼ã®æåã¯ãããã®ãªã¹ã¯ã軽æ¸ãããããã ãã§ãªã2åç³å°¿ç ãå¿èç ããã¤ç ãªã©ã®ãªã¹ã¯ãæ¸å°ããããã¨ã示åããã¦ãã¾ãã
ãCoffee - Harvard T.H. CHANã
Â
ããã®ãããªç´ä½æ²æãã¸ã¦ãç¾æç¹ã§ã®ç§å¦çæ ¹æ ï¼ã¨ããã³ã¹ï¼ã§ã¯ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã¯ãå¥åº·ã«è¯ã飲ã¿ãã®ãã¨ããã¦ããã®ã§ãã
Â
ãããã¦2019å¹´6æãä¸çã§åãã¦ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æãã«ã¤ãã¦ã®ã¡ã¿ã¢ããªã·ã¹ã®çµæãå ±åããã¾ããã
ï¼ã¡ã¿ã¢ããªã·ã¹ã¨ã¯ãããã¾ã§ã®ç 究çµæãçµ±è¨çææ³ã«ããå ¨ä½ã¨ãã¦ã©ã®ãããªå¾åããããã解æããã¨ããã³ã¹ã¬ãã«ããã£ã¨ãé«ãç 究ãã¶ã¤ã³ã
Â
ãä»åã¯ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã®ææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ã示ãç ç©¶å ±åããç´¹ä»ãã¾ãããã
Table of contents
- â ã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã®ä¸çåã®ã¨ããã³ã¹
- â ã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã®ã¡ã«ããºã
- â ãã¤ã¨ããã®ç§å¦ã·ãªã¼ãº
- â åèæç®
â ã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã®ä¸çåã®ã¨ããã³ã¹
Â
ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ã¯ãã¤ã¨ããå¹æãããã®ã§ããããï¼
Â
ããã®åãã«çããããã«ã2000年以éããã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã«ã¤ãã¦ã®æ¤è¨¼ãå§ã¾ãã¾ããã
Â
ããããããã®æ¤è¨¼çµæã¯ããã¤ã¨ããå¹æãèªããããã¨ããå ±åï¼Higdon JV, 2006ãMaki C, 2017ï¼ãããã°ãå¹æããªãã¨ããå ±åï¼Bouchard DR, 2010ãLarsen SC, 2018ï¼ã ãã§ãªããéã«å¤ªãã¨ããå ±åï¼Lee J, 2017ãNordestgaard AT, 2015ï¼ã¾ã§ãããçç³æ··äº¤ãããã®ã§ããã
Â
ãããã§ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã»ãã¼ããã¹å¤§å¦ã®Leeãã¯ããããã®ç ç©¶å ±åãã¾ã¨ãã¦æ¤è¨¼ããã¡ã¿ã¢ããªã·ã¹ãä¸çã§åãã¦è¡ã£ãã®ã§ãã
Â
ã2019å¹´6æãLeeãã¯ãããã¾ã§ã«æ¤è¨¼ãããã³ã¼ãã¼ã¨ãã¤ã¨ããå¹æã«ã¤ãã¦ã®12ã®ç ç©¶å ±åããã¨ã«ã¡ã¿ã¢ããªã·ã¹ãè¡ããããçµè«ã¥ãã¾ããã
Â
ããã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ã¯ãã¤ã¨ããå¹æããããã¨ãã«ç·æ§ã«å¹æçã§ããã
Â
ãLeeãã¯ããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã示ãããã«ä½æ ¼ææ°ï¼BMIï¼ã¨ã¦ã¨ã¹ãå¨å¾ã®å¤åã解æãã¾ãããä½æ ¼ææ°ã¯ããã®ä½éã¨èº«é·ã®ãã©ã³ã¹ã示ãææ°ã§ãããä½éï¼kgï¼Ã·èº«é·ï¼mï¼Ã身é·ï¼mï¼ã§ç®åºãããç®ä¸èèªåè¥æºãå¤å¥ãã¾ããã¦ã¨ã¹ãå¨å¾ã¯ãå èèèªåè¥æºãå¤å¥ãã¾ãã
Â
ã解æã®çµæãã³ã¼ãã¼ã®æåéãå¤ãã»ã©ä½ãä½æ ¼ææ°ã®æ¸å°å¹æï¼WMD=-0.08ï¼ãèªããã¾ããããã®å¹æã¯ç¹ã«ç·æ§ã§ç¤ºããã女æ§ã§ã¯ç¤ºããã¾ããã§ããã
Fig.1ï¼Lee A, 2019ããçè ä½æ
Â
ãã¾ããã³ã¼ãã¼ã®æåéãå¤ãã»ã©ã¦ã¨ã¹ãå¨å¾ã®æ¸å°å¹æï¼WMD=-0.27ï¼ãèªãããã¾ããã
Fig.2ï¼Lee A, 2019ããçè ä½æ
Â
ããããã®çµæããLeeãã¯ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã®æåéã®å¢å ã¯ãä½æ ¼ææ°ã®æ¸å°ãã¦ã¨ã¹ãå¨å¾ã®æ¸å°ã¨ãã£ãç®ä¸èèªãå èèèªã®ä¸¡æ¹ã®æ¸å°å¹æã«é¢é£ãã¦ããã¨ç¤ºåãã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
ãã§ã¯ããªãã³ã¼ãã¼ã飲ãã¨ãã¤ã¨ããå¹æãããã®ã§ããããï¼
â ã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã®ã¡ã«ããºã
Â
ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ã¯ãã«ãã§ã¤ã³ä»¥å¤ã«1000ãã®ååç©ãå«ã¾ãã¦ãããå¥åº·ã«æçã¨ãããããªãã§ãã¼ã«ãã¯ããã²ã³é ¸ãªã©ã注ç®ããã¦ãã¾ãï¼Higdon JV, 2006ï¼ã
Â
ãããã¦ãLeeãã¯ãã¯ããã²ã³é ¸ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã«å¯ä¸ãã¦ããã¨æ¨å¯ãã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
ãã¯ããã²ã³é ¸ã¯ãã³ã¼ãã¼è±ã« 5ã10%å«ã¾ãã¦ããããã®å«æéã¯ã«ãã§ã¤ã³ï¼1ã2%ï¼ ãããå¤ãã¨ããã¦ãã¾ããã³ã¼ãã¼ã®æ½åºæéãé·ãããã¨ãã«æããéå³ãã¯ããã²ã³é ¸ã«ãããã®ã¨ãããã¦ãã¾ãã
Â
ãã¯ããã²ã³é ¸ãç¨ããåç©å®é¨ã§ã¯ãè¥æºã®ãã¦ã¹ã«æåããããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ãå èèèªéãèèªçµç¹ã®ããªã°ãªã»ãªãå«æéãæ¸å°ãèªãããã¦ãã¾ãï¼Cho AS, 2010ï¼ãã¾ããã°ã«ã³ã¼ã¹ï¼ç³ï¼ã®å¸åè½åã80%æ¸å°ããããã¨ã示åããã¦ãã¾ãï¼Welsch CA, 1989ï¼ã
Â
ããã®ãããªå®é¨çµæãããLeeãã¯ã¯ããã²ã³é ¸ã®ãã¤æè¥æºå¹æãã³ã¼ãã¼æåã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã«å¯ä¸ãã¦ããã¨æ¨å¯ãã¦ããã®ã§ãã
Â
ãããããªãããLeeãã®ã¡ã¿ã¢ããªã·ã¹ã§ã¯ã観å¯ç 究ããã¨ã«ãã¦ãããã¨ãç 究æ°ãå°ãªããã¾ãç 究éã®ãã¼ã¿ã®ãã©ããï¼ç°è³ªæ§ï¼ã大ãããã¨ãªã©ãããä»å¾ãæ¹ãã¦ã¡ã¿ã¢ããªã·ã¹ãå®æ½ãããã¨ãå¿ è¦ã«ãªãã§ããããããã¾ã§ãç¾æç¹ã§ã®ã¨ããã³ã¹ã¨ãã¦ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã®æåã¯ãã¤ã¨ããå¹æã«ãã©ã¹ã«ãªãã¨è§£éãã¦ããã®ãè¯ãã¨æããã¾ãã
Â
ãã¾ããä»åã®ã¡ã¿ã¢ããªã·ã¹ã§ã¯ã³ã¼ãã¼ã®ãã¤ã¨ããã«æé©ãªæåéã¯æããã«ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ãããå¤ãã®ç 究ãã«ãã3æ¯ã®æåéã§æ¤è¨¼ãã¦ãã¾ãããæ大6æ¯ã®æåéã§æ¤è¨¼ãããã®ã¾ã§ããã¾ãããã®ãããç¾æç¹ã§ã¯ã³ã¼ãã¼ã®æåéãå¤ãã»ã©ãã¤ã¨ããå¹æãããã¨ãããã¨ã«ãªãã¾ãããæé©ãªæåéã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ä»å¾ã®æ¤è¨¼ãå¾ ããã¾ãã
Â
ã注æç¹ã¨ãã¦ã¯ãå¦å¨ ä¸ã¯ã«ãã2æ¯ç¨åº¦ã«ã¨ã©ãããã¨ãããã¨ã§ããå¦å¨ ä¸ã«ã³ã¼ãã¼ã大éã«æåããã¨ãã«ãã§ã¤ã³ã«ããèå ã®ä½åºçä½éã«é¢ä¸ãããã¨ã示åããã¦ããï¼Grosso G, 2017ï¼ãå¦å¨ ä¸ã®å¤§éæåã¯æ§ããã¹ãã§ãããã
ãã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ã¯ããããç³å°¿ç ãå¿èç ããã¤ç ãªã©ã®ãªã¹ã¯ãæ¸å°ãããã¨ããã³ã¹ãå ±åããã¦ãã¾ããã¾ããå¥åº·ã ãã§ãªããçãã¬ã®ããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãé«ãããã¨ã示åããã¦ãã¾ãã
ã
ãããã¦ä»åãä¸çã§åãã¦ã³ã¼ãã¼æåã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã®ã¨ããã³ã¹ãå ±åããã¾ãããã¾ã ã¾ã ç¥è¦ãå°ãªããä»å¾ã®åæ¤è¨¼ãæé©ãªæåéãªã©ã®æ¤è¨¼ãè¦å®ã£ã¦ããå¿ è¦ã¯ããã¾ãããã³ã¼ãã¼å¥½ãã«ã¨ã£ã¦ã¯å¬ãããã¥ã¼ã¹ã«ãªãã¾ããã
ã
Â
â ãã¤ã¨ããã®ææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ãã¾ã¨ããæ°åã§ãï¼
Â
â ãã¡ããã»ããã§æ¯éï¼
Â
Â
Â
ã
â ãã¤ã¨ããã®ç§å¦ã·ãªã¼ãº
ã·ãªã¼ãº1ï¼ãæé£ãé£ã¹ãªãã¨å¤ªããã¨ããã®ã¯é½å¸ä¼èª¬ï¼ãææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ãç¥ã£ã¦ããã
ã·ãªã¼ãº2ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããç¶ããªãã®ã¯ãå¯ä¸è¶³ããåå ï¼ãææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ã
ã·ãªã¼ãº3ï¼ãã¬ããã¤ããã¾ã¾å¯ãã¨å¤ªãææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹
ã·ãªã¼ãº4ï¼ã³ã¼ãã¼ã«ã¯ãã¤ã¨ããå¹æãããï¼ãææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ã
ã·ãªã¼ãº5ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªãã太ãã¡ã«ããºã ããç解ãããï¼ãç³é¡ç·¨ã
ã·ãªã¼ãº6ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªãã太ãã¡ã«ããºã ããç解ãããï¼ãè質編ã
ã·ãªã¼ãº7ï¼çãã¬ããã¦çèãå¢ããã°ãã¤ã¨ããã§ãã説ãæ¤è¨¼ãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº8ï¼ã½ã¤ã»ãããã¤ã³ãªã©ã®å¤§è±é£åã«ãããã¤ã¨ããå¹æã®ææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹
ã·ãªã¼ãº9ï¼å¤ªãã¨é ãæªããªãï¼ææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ãç¥ã£ã¦ãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº10ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããã¨é ãè¯ããªãææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ãç§å¦çã«æ£ããèªå·±åçºæ³ã
ã·ãªã¼ãº11ï¼ãã¤ã¨ããããã¨çèéãçåãæ¸ã£ã¦ãã¾ãç§å¦çæ ¹æ ãç¥ã£ã¦ãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº12ï¼çèãæ¸ãããªãç§å¦çã«æ£ãããã¤ã¨ããæ¹æ³ãç¥ã£ã¦ãããï¼ãé£äºç·¨ã
ã·ãªã¼ãº13ï¼çèãæ¸ãããã«ãã¤ã¨ãããããªãã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªã®æåéãå¢ãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº14ï¼ãã¤ã¨ããã§é£æ¬²ãæããããªãã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªãæåãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº15ï¼ã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªãé£æ¬²ãæ¸ããã¡ã«ããºã ãç¥ã£ã¦ãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº16ï¼å¯ä¸è¶³ããã¤ã¨ããã®éªéãããï¼ãç¡ç ä¸è¶³ãé£æ¬²ãé«ããææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹
ã·ãªã¼ãº17ï¼ãã¤ã¨ããã¯è¶ å å·¥é£åãé¿ãããã¨ããã¯ããããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº18ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªãã太ãçæ°´åç©ãã¨ããããçæ°´åç©ããè¦æ¥µãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº19ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªããç½ç±³ãããçç±³ããé£ã¹ããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº20ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªãããããéèã¨æç©ããé£ã¹ããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº21ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªããå¥åº·ã«è¯ãããããè質ããé£ã¹ããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº22ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªããããã¤ã«ãããããé£ã¹ããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº23ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªããã¸ã¥ã¼ã¹ï¼ç ç³å ¥ã飲æï¼ã®ä¸æ¯æ§ããæã¡åããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº24ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªããããã飲ã¿ãã®ãã飲ããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº25ï¼ã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªã¯é£ã¹ãã ãã§ã¨ãã«ã®ã¼ãæ¶è²»ã§ããï¼ãé£äºèªçºæ§ç±ç£çãç¥ã£ã¦ããã
ã·ãªã¼ãº26ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªãã赤ãèãããããç½ãèããé£ã¹ããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº27ï¼ãã¤ã¨ããä¸ã®é£ã¹ãããé²ããããªããé£äºã®åã«ãå·ããæ°´ãã飲ããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº28ï¼ã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªã¯ãã¤ã¨ããã«ãã骨ã®æ¸å°ãæãã¦ãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº29ï¼ä¹³è£½åããã¤ã¨ããå¹æãé«ããææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ãç¥ã£ã¦ãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº30ï¼ã¿ã³ãã¯è³ªããã¤ã¨ããå¹æãé«ããææ°ã¨ããã³ã¹ãç¥ã£ã¦ãããï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº31ï¼é±æ«ã«å¯ã ãããã¦ãç¡ç ä¸è¶³ã«ããé£æ¬²ã®å¢å ã¯é²ããªãï¼
ã·ãªã¼ãº32ï¼ãã¤ã¨ãããããªãéåãããé£äºå¶éããå§ããã¹ãç§å¦çæ ¹æ
Â
Â
Â
â åèæç®
Loomis D, et al. Carcinogenicity of drinking coffee, mate, and very hot beverages. Lancet Oncol. 2016 Jul;17(7):877-878.
Poole R, et al. Coffee consumption and health: umbrella review of meta-analyses of multiple health outcomes. BMJ. 2017 Nov 22;359:j5024.Â
Grosso G, et al. Coffee, Caffeine, and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review. Annu Rev Nutr. 2017 Aug 21;37:131-156.
Higdon JV, et al. Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2006;46(2):101-23.
Maki C, et al. Coffee extract inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocyes by interrupting insulin signaling through the downregulation of IRS1. PLoS One. 2017 Mar 10;12(3):e0173264.Â
Bouchard DR, et al. Coffee, tea and their additives: association with BMI and waist circumference. Obes Facts. 2010 Dec;3(6):345-52.Â
Larsen SC, et al. Habitual coffee consumption and changes in measures of adiposity: a comprehensive study of longitudinal associations. Int J Obes (Lond). 2018 Apr;42(4):880-886.Â
Lee J, et al. Coffee Consumption and the Risk of Obesity in Korean Women. Nutrients. 2017 Dec 8;9(12). pii: E1340.Â
Nordestgaard AT, et al.Coffee intake and risk of obesity, metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study. Int J Epidemiol. 2015 Apr;44(2):551-65.Â
Lee A, et al. Coffee Intake and Obesity: A Meta-Analysis. Nutrients. 2019 Jun 5;11(6). pii: E1274.Â
Higdon JV, et al. Coffee and health: a review of recent human research. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2006;46(2):101-23.Â
Cho AS, et al. Chlorogenic acid exhibits anti-obesity property and improves lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced-obese mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2010 Mar;48(3):937-43.
Welsch CA, et al. Dietary phenolic compounds: inhibition of Na+-dependent D-glucose uptake in rat intestinal brush border membrane vesicles. J Nutr. 1989 Nov;119(11):1698-704.
Â