Iowa State Senate elections, 2024

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2024 Iowa
Senate Elections
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PrimaryJune 4, 2024
GeneralNovember 5, 2024
Past Election Results
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Elections for the Iowa State Senate took place in 2024. The general election was on November 5, 2024. The primary was June 4, 2024. The filing deadline was March 15, 2024.

Following the election, Republicans gained a 35-15 veto-proof majority.

Before the election, Democrats needed to maintain their Senate seats or lose fewer than three House seats to prevent a Republican legislative veto-proof majority. Republicans needed to gain at least one Senate seat and at least three House seats to attain a Republican legislative veto-proof majority.

The Iowa State Senate was one of 85 state legislative chambers with elections in 2024. There are 99 chambers throughout the country.

Party control

See also: Partisan composition of state senates and State government trifectas
Iowa State Senate
Party As of November 5, 2024 After November 6, 2024
     Democratic Party 16 16
     Republican Party 33 34
Total 50 50

Candidates

General election

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Voting information
See also: Voting in Iowa

Election information in Iowa: Nov. 5, 2024, election.

What was the voter registration deadline?

  • In-person: Nov. 5, 2024
  • By mail: Postmarked by Oct. 21, 2024
  • Online: Oct. 21, 2024

Was absentee/mail-in voting available to all voters?

Yes

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot request deadline?

  • In-person: Oct. 21, 2024
  • By mail: Received by Oct. 21, 2024
  • Online: N/A

What was the absentee/mail-in ballot return deadline?

  • In-person: Nov. 5, 2024
  • By mail: Received by Nov. 5, 2024

Was early voting available to all voters?

Yes

What were the early voting start and end dates?

Oct. 16, 2024 to Nov. 4, 2024

Were all voters required to present ID at the polls? If so, was a photo or non-photo ID required?

N/A

When were polls open on Election Day?

7:00 a.m. - 8:00 p.m. (CST)


General election race ratings

The table below displays race ratings for each race in this chamber from CNalysis.

Incumbents who were not re-elected

See also: Annual State Legislative Competitiveness Report: Vol. 14, 2024

Incumbents defeated in general elections

See also: Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024

Three incumbents lost in general elections. Between 2010 and 2022, the average number of incumbents defeated in the general elections was 2.9.

Name Party Office
Nate Boulton Electiondot.png Democratic District 20
Brad Zaun Ends.png Republican District 22
Eric Giddens Electiondot.png Democratic District 38

Incumbents defeated in primaries

See also: Incumbents defeated in state legislative elections, 2024

No incumbents lost in primaries. This election cycle continued a streak of no primary election losses since 2012.

Retiring incumbents

Three incumbents did not file for re-election in 2024.[1] The average number of retirements per election cycle from 2010 to 2022 was six. Those incumbents were:

Name Party Office
Jeff Edler Ends.png Republican District 26
Pam Jochum Electiondot.png Democratic District 36
Todd Taylor Electiondot.png Democratic District 40

Primary election competitiveness

See also: Primary election competitiveness in state and federal government, 2024

This section contains data on state legislative primary election competitiveness in Iowa. These totals include data from all regularly-scheduled House and Senate elections. For more information about Ballotpedia's competitiveness analysis of state legislative elections, please click here.

Post-filing deadline analysis

The following analysis covers all state legislative districts up for election in Iowa in 2024. Information below was calculated on April 10, 2024, and may differ from information shown in the table above due to candidate replacements and withdrawals after that time.

There were 125 state legislative seats up for election this year in Iowa. Across those, 16 incumbents (three in the Senate and 13 in the House) did not file to run for re-election. From 2010 to 2022, the average number of retirements per cycle was 22. In 2022, 40 incumbents (11 in the Senate and 29 in the House) did not run for re-election.

The total number of contested primaries also declined in 2024 compared to the previous cycle. In 2024, there were five total Democratic primaries (one in the Senate and four in the House) and 17 Republican primaries (three in the Senate and 14 in the House). In 2022, there were 13 Democratic primaries (five in the Senate and eight in the House) and 31 Republican primaries (six in the Senate and 25 in the House).

Twenty-five of the 50 Senate seats and all 100 House seats were up for election in 2024.

Open seats

The table below shows the number and percentage of open seats in the Iowa State Senate from 2010 to 2024.[2]

Open Seats in Iowa State Senate elections: 2010 - 2024
Year Total seats Open seats Seats with incumbents running for re-election
2024 25 3 (12 percent) 22 (88 percent)
2022 34 13 (38 percent) 21 (62 percent)
2020 25 7 (28 percent) 18 (72 percent)
2018 25 7 (28 percent) 18 (72 percent)
2016 25 1 (4 percent) 24 (96 percent)
2014 25 5 (20 percent) 20 (80 percent)
2012 26 8 (31 percent) 18 (69 percent)
2010 25 3 (12 percent) 22 (88 percent)

Legislative referrals

See also: Legislative referral

A legislative referral, or legislatively referred ballot measure, is a ballot measure that appears on the ballot due to a vote of the state legislature. A legislative referral can be a constitutional amendment, state statute, or bond issue.

As of the 2024 election, a majority vote was required during one legislative session for the Iowa General Assembly to put a constitutional amendment on the ballot. That amounted to a minimum of 51 votes in the Iowa House of Representatives and 26 votes in the Iowa State Senate, assuming no vacancies. Amendments did not require the governor's signature to be referred to the ballot.

At the time of the 2024 election, Republicans held a 34-16 majority in the Senate and a 64-36 majority in the House. Republicans held the minimum votes necessary to put a legislative referral on the ballot without Democratic votes. Republicans needed to lose nine Senate seats and 14 House seats to lose that ability. Democrats needed to win 10 Senate seats and 15 House seats to pass legislative referrals without Democratic votes.

Process to become a candidate

See also: Ballot access requirements for political candidates in Iowa

DocumentIcon.jpg See statutes: Title II of the Iowa Code

There are four ways in which a candidate can gain access to the general election ballot: by primary election, by political party convention, by Non-party Political Organization (NPPO) convention, or by petition. These are detailed below.

Iowa allows any registered voter to challenge a candidate's nominating petition, as long as the challenge is made in writing and within 74 days of the corresponding election.[3][4]

By primary election

A candidate seeking the nomination of a state-recognized political party in a primary election must be a member of that party. Non-party Political Organizations (NPPOs) are not permitted to participate in primary elections. A primary election candidate must file an affidavit of candidacy and nomination petition with the Iowa Secretary of State during the primary election filing period, which begins 99 days before the primary and ends at 5 p.m. on the 81st day before the primary. The affidavit of candidacy and the nomination petition must be filed simultaneously.[5][6]

For the number of signatures required for nomination petitions, see the table below.[5][7][8]

Formulas for determining signature requirements for political party candidates in primary elections
Office sought Number of signatures needed
Governor or U.S. Senator 3,500 signatures, including at least 100 from 19 different counties.[5][8]
State executive office (other than governor and lieutenant governor) 2,500 signatures, including at least 77 from 18 different counties.[8]
United States Representative 1,726 signatures, including at least 47 from half of the counties in the district.[5][8]
State Senator 100 signatures from the district.[5][8]
State Representative 50 signatures from the district.[5][8]

By political party convention

If a political party fails to nominate a candidate at the primary election, the party may hold a convention after the primary to nominate a candidate. That candidate must then file a political party convention certificate and an affidavit of candidacy. The deadline to file the convention certificate and affidavit of candidacy is the same as the general election filing deadline. However, a political party convention candidate may file his or her documents before the filing period begins for general election candidates.[9]

By Non-party Political Organization (NPPO) convention

Non-party Political Organizations (NPPOs) are permitted to hold conventions to nominate their candidates. However, in order to qualify their nominations, NPPOs must meet the following requirements:[9][10][11]

  • To nominate a candidate to a state executive office or the United States Senate, 500 eligible electors, meaning people who meet all the requirements to register to vote, must attend the convention, and 25 counties must be represented by at least one eligible elector each.
  • To nominate a candidate to the United States House of Representatives, 200 eligible electors who are residents of the congressional district the candidate seeks to represent must attend, including one eligible elector from at least half of the counties in the district.
  • To nominate a candidate to the Iowa State Senate, 50 eligible electors who are residents of the senatorial district must attend, including one eligible elector from one-half of the precincts in the senatorial district.
  • To nominate a candidate to the Iowa House of Representatives, 25 eligible electors who are residents of the representative district must attend, including one eligible elector from one-half of the precincts in the representative district.
  • A convention may be held at any time as long as it is before the general election filing deadline.[12]
  • After the convention, the NPPO must provide a list of those who attended the convention, including their addresses, to the Iowa Secretary of State, along with a convention certificate and an affidavit of candidacy for the candidate nominated. These documents must be filed together during the general election filing period, which begins 99 days before the general election and ends at 5 p.m. 81 days before the general election.[12][9][4]

By petition

A candidate who is not affiliated with any political party or NPPO can be nominated by petition. A NPPO candidate can gain ballot access in this manner if the NPPO cannot meet the convention attendance requirements described above. A petition candidates must file an affidavit of candidacy and nomination petition with the Iowa Secretary of State. These forms must be filed together by 5 p.m. 81 days before the general election.[4][10]

The table below details the signature requirements necessary for obtaining ballot access by petition.

Formulas for determining signature requirements for NPPO candidates
Office sought Number of signatures needed
United States Senator or governor 3,500 eligible electors, including at least 100 from at least 19 counties[9][10]
Otherwise statewide executive offices 2,500 eligible electors, including at least 77 from at least 18 counties[9][10]
United States Representative 1,726 eligible electors who are residents of the congressional district, including at least 47 eligible electors each from at least one-half of the counties in the congressional district[9][10]

Qualifications

See also: State legislature candidate requirements by state

The Iowa Constitution states, "Senators shall be chosen for the term of four years, at the same time and place as representatives; they shall be twenty-five years of age, and possess the qualifications of representatives as to residence and citizenship."[13]

Salaries and per diem

See also: Comparison of state legislative salaries
State legislative salaries, 2024[14]
SalaryPer diem
$25,000/year$178/day for legislators who live outside of Polk County. $133.50/day for legislators who live within Polk County.

When sworn in

See also: When state legislators assume office after a general election

Iowa state senators assume office on the first day of January which is not a Sunday or legal holiday.[15][16]

Iowa political history

Trifectas

A state government trifecta is a term that describes single-party government, when one political party holds the governor's office and has majorities in both chambers of the legislature in a state government.

Iowa Party Control: 1992-2025
Four years of Democratic trifectas  •  Eleven years of Republican trifectas
Scroll left and right on the table below to view more years.

Year 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Governor R R R R R R R D D D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R
Senate D D D D D R R R R R R R R S S D D D D D D D D D D R R R R R R R R R
House D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R D D D D R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R

Presidential politics in Iowa

2020

See also: Presidential election, 2020


Presidential election in Iowa, 2020
 
Candidate/Running mate
%
Popular votes
Electoral votes
✔
Image of
Image of
Donald Trump/Mike Pence (R)
 
53.1
 
897,672 6
Image of
Image of
Joe Biden/Kamala D. Harris (D)
 
44.9
 
759,061 0
Image of
Image of
Jo Jorgensen/Spike Cohen (L)
 
1.2
 
19,637 0
Image of
Image of
Ye/Michelle Tidball (Unaffiliated)
 
0.2
 
3,210 0
Image of
Image of
Howie Hawkins/Angela Nicole Walker (G)
 
0.2
 
3,075 0
Image of
Image of
Don Blankenship/William Mohr (Constitution Party)
 
0.1
 
1,707 0
Image of
Image of
Roque De La Fuente/Darcy Richardson (Alliance Party)
 
0.1
 
1,082 0
Image of
Silhouette Placeholder Image.png
Ricki Sue King/Dayna Chandler (Genealogy Know Your Family History Party)
 
0.0
 
546 0
Image of
Image of
Brock Pierce/Karla Ballard (Unaffiliated)
 
0.0
 
544 0
  Other write-in votes
 
0.3
 
4,337 0

Incumbents are bolded and underlined The results have been certified.

Total votes: 1,690,871


2016

See also: Presidential election, 2016
U.S. presidential election, Iowa, 2016
Party Candidate Vote % Votes Electoral votes
     Democratic Hillary Clinton/Tim Kaine 41.7% 653,669 0
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngDonald Trump/Mike Pence 51.1% 800,983 6
     Constitution Darrell Lane Castle/Scott Bradley 0.3% 5,335 0
     Green Jill Stein/Ajamu Baraka 0.7% 11,479 0
     Legal Marijuana Now Dan R. Vacek/Mark G. Elworth Jr. 0.1% 2,246 0
     Libertarian Gary Johnson/Bill Weld 3.8% 59,186 0
     New Independent Lynn Sandra Kahn/Jay Stolba 0.1% 2,247 0
     Socialism and Liberation Gloria Estela La Riva/Dennis J. Banks 0% 323 0
     Nominated by petition Rocky De La Fuente/Michael Steinberg 0% 451 0
     Nominated by petition Evan McMullin/Nathan Johnson 0.8% 12,366 0
     - Write-in votes 1.1% 17,746 0
Total Votes 1,566,031 6
Election results via: Iowa Secretary of State


Iowa presidential election results (1900-2024)

  • 11 Democratic wins
  • 21 Republican wins
Year 1900 1904 1908 1912 1916 1920 1924 1928 1932 1936 1940 1944 1948 1952 1956 1960 1964 1968 1972 1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016 2020 2024
Winning Party R R R D R R R R D D R R D R R R D R R R R R D D D D R D D R R R


See also

Iowa State Legislative Elections News and Analysis
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Iowa State Executive Offices
Iowa State Legislature
Iowa Courts
2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020
2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 • 2015 • 2014
Iowa elections: 2023 • 2022 • 2021 • 2020 • 2019 • 2018 • 2017 • 2016 • 2015
Party control of state government
State government trifectas
Partisan composition of state legislatures
Partisan composition of state senates
Partisan composition of state houses

External links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Ballotpedia defines an incumbent as retiring if the incumbent did not file for office or filed for office but withdrew, was disqualified, or otherwise left a race in a manner other than losing the primary, primary runoff, or convention. If an incumbent runs as a write-in candidate, Ballotpedia does not consider them to be retiring. If an incumbent runs in the same chamber for a different seat, Ballotpedia does not consider them to be retiring.
  2. ↑ Ballotpedia defines a seat as open if the incumbent did not file to run for re-election or filed but withdrew and did not appear on any ballot for his or her seat. If the incumbent withdrew from or did not participate in the primary but later chose to seek re-election to his or her seat as a third party or independent candidate, the seat would not be counted as open. If the incumbent retired or ran for a different seat in the same chamber, his or her original seat would be counted as open unless another incumbent from the same chamber filed to run for that seat, in which case it would not be counted as open due to the presence of an incumbent.
  3. ↑ Iowa Code, "Title II, Section 43.24," accessed February 28, 2025
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Iowa Code, "Title II, Section 44.4," accessed February 28, 2025
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 Iowa Secretary of State, "Candidate’s Guide to the Primary Election 2024," June 4, 2024 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iaprimarycandidateguide" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iaprimarycandidateguide" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iaprimarycandidateguide" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iaprimarycandidateguide" defined multiple times with different content
  6. ↑ Iowa Secretary of State, "Iowa Code 2024, Section 43.11," accessed February 28, 2025
  7. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named iacode4320
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Iowa Secretary of State, "Iowa Code 2024, Section 45.1," accessed February 28, 2025 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iacode451" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iacode451" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iacode451" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iacode451" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "iacode451" defined multiple times with different content
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 Iowa Secretary of State, "Iowa Candidate's Guide to the General Election 2024," accessed February 28, 2025
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 The Iowa Legislature, "SF413," accessed February 28, 2025 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "sf413" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "sf413" defined multiple times with different content Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "sf413" defined multiple times with different content
  11. ↑ Iowa Code, "Title II, Section 44.1," accessed February 28, 2025
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Iowa Secretary of State Website, "Forming a Political Party in Iowa," accessed February 28, 2025
  13. ↑ "Iowa Constitution," accessed December 16, 2013
  14. ↑ National Conference of State Legislatures, "2024 Legislator Compensation," August 21, 2024
  15. ↑ JUSTIA US Law, "Iowa Code, Section 39.8 - Term of office," accessed November 1, 2021
  16. ↑ Iowa Secretary of State, "Terms of Offices for Elected Officials," accessed November 1, 2021


Current members of the Iowa State Senate
Leadership
Senate President:Amy Sinclair
Minority Leader:Janice Weiner
Senators
District 1
District 2
District 3
District 4
District 5
District 6
District 7
District 8
District 9
District 10
District 11
District 12
District 13
District 14
District 15
District 16
District 17
District 18
District 19
District 20
Mike Pike (R)
District 21
District 22
District 23
District 24
District 25
District 26
District 27
District 28
District 29
District 30
District 31
District 32
District 33
District 34
District 35
District 36
District 37
District 38
District 39
District 40
Art Staed (D)
District 41
District 42
District 43
District 44
District 45
District 46
District 47
District 48
District 49
District 50
Republican Party (34)
Democratic Party (16)


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