å ãããã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãã§ã¤ã¹ãæ«é²ããããWindows 8ãããã®ã¿ã¤ã«ã£ã½ãã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãã§ã¤ã¹ãä¸è¶³å ã«å³ããããæ¹ã¸ãªã¹ã¹ã¡ãªã®ãããã©ã¦ã¶ã®ããã©ã«ããã¼ã¸ãWindows 8風ã«ã«ã¹ã¿ãã¤ãºã§ãããEIGHTãã§ãã ãEIGHTãã¯ãDeviantARTã®ã¦ã¼ã¶flatmo1ããããWindows 8ã®ã¿ã¤ã«ã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãã§ã¤ã¹ããçæ³ãå¾ã¦å¶ä½ãããã®ã åé ç»åã®ããã«ããæ°ã«å ¥ãã®ã¦ã§ããµã¤ãã¸ã®ã·ã§ã¼ãã«ãããªã³ã¯ãã¿ã¤ã«ç¶ã«è¡¨ç¤ºãããã¯ãªãã¯ã²ã¨ã¤ã§ç§»åã§ãã¾ããããã©ã«ãã§ã¯ãGoogleãYouTubeããã§ã¤ã¹ããã¯ããã¤ãã¿ã¼ãªã©ãè¨å®ããã¦ãã¾ããããã¡ããã«ã¹ã¿ãã¤ãºã§ãã¾ããããã¼ã¸ã®çãä¸ã«ã¯ã¤ãã¯æ¤ç´¢ãã¼ãç½®ããã¨ãå¯è½ã§ãã 使ãæ¹ã¨ãã¦ã¯ãã¾ããã¦ã³ãã¼ããããã¼ããã©ã¤ãã®ã©ããã«ãã¡ã¤ã«ã解åãããã«ãã©ã¦ã¶ã®è¨å®ããããEIGHTãã®ãã©ã«ãå ã«ãã
1ï¼ä»¥ä¸ãåç¡ãã«ãããã¾ãã¦VIPããéããã¾ãï¼2011/06/29(æ°´) 13:40:02.27ID:4DF/7g700 ç«çããããã ãã©ããªããããµãããã«ã¹ã¿ãã¤ãºãããã¨æã åèã«è¦ãã¦ã 5ï¼ä»¥ä¸ãåç¡ãã«ãããã¾ãã¦VIPããéããã¾ãï¼2011/06/29(æ°´) 13:46:58.04ID:VQL6ZZR40 ã¾ãPersonaä»ããã Persona Personas(ãã«ã½ã)ã¯ãä»è©±é¡ã®Webãã©ã¦ã¶Firefoxã®ã¦ã£ã³ãã¦ãã¶ã¤ã³ãæ°åã«åããã¦ç°¡åã«å¤ãããããæ°ãããã¼ãæ©è½ã§ãã20ä¸ç¨®é¡ä»¥ä¸ã®ãã¶ã¤ã³ããã¤ã§ã好ããªã ãåãæ¿ãã¦æ¥½ããã¾ãã 10ï¼ä»¥ä¸ãåç¡ãã«ãããã¾ãã¦VIPããéããã¾ãï¼2011/06/29(æ°´) 13:52:05.81ID:gsl/zodM0 çµå±ã©ã®ãã©ã¦ã¶ãä¸çªãããã ã 11ï¼ä»¥ä¸ãåç¡ãã«ãããã¾ãã¦VIPããéã
å½ãµã¤ãã§ã¯Cookieã使ç¨ãã¦ãã¾ããå¼ãç¶ãå½ãµã¤ããé²è¦§ãããã¨ã«ãããããªã·ã¼ãåãå ¥ãããã®ã¨ã¿ãªããã¾ããä»å¾è¡¨ç¤ºããªã詳ããè¦ã
ç¥ç財ç£ç®¡çæè½å£«ï¼ã¡ã¦ãããããããããã®ããï¼ã¯ãæè½æ¤å®å¶åº¦ã®ä¸ç¨®[1]ã§ãå½å®¶è³æ ¼ã§ãããç¥ç§°ã¯ç¥è²¡æè½å£«[2]ã è·æ¥è½åéçºä¿é²æ³ç¬¬47æ¡ç¬¬1é ã«ããåçå´å大è£ãæå®ããæå®è©¦é¨æ©é¢ï¼ä¸è¬ç¤¾å£æ³äººç¥ç財ç£æè²åä¼[3]ï¼ãå®æ½ããç¥ç財ç£ç®¡çã«é¢ããå¦ç§åã³å®æ試é¨ã«åæ ¼ããè ãããã2008å¹´ã«æè½å£«ã«æ°ãã«è¿½å ãããè·ç¨®ã§ããã æå±ããä¼æ¥ã»å£ä½ã®è·å¡çãä¼æ¥ã»å£ä½å ã«ããã¦ç¥ç財ç£ã«é¢ããè½åãçºæ®ããããã«ããã®è½åãå½ã証æããè³æ ¼ãç¥ç財ç£ç®¡çæè½å£«ã§ããã æ³å¾ä¸ãç¬å æ¥åãä»ä¸ãããå¼ç士ã¨ã¯ç®çãç°ãªãã æè½ã®å 容ã«å¿ãã3ç´ã2ç´ã1ç´ã«åºåãããã åºåããã³è©¦é¨ç¯å²ã¯ãçµæ¸ç£æ¥çãç¥è²¡äººæã¹ãã«æ¨æº[4](IPSS)ãã«æºæ ãã¦ããã 1ç´ï¼IPSSã¬ãã«4ç¸å½ã¨ããããç¥ç財ç£ç®¡çã®è·ç¨®ã«ãããä¸ç´ã®æè½è ãé常æãã¹ãæè½ãç¥ç財ç£ç®¡çã«é¢ãã
ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯è¤æ°ã®åé¡ãããã¾ããæ¹åããã¼ããã¼ã¸ã§ã®è°è«ã«ãååãã ããã åºå ¸ã¯è注ãªã©ãç¨ãã¦è¨è¿°ã¨é¢é£ä»ãã¦ãã ãããï¼2016å¹´1æï¼ éå¤ãªå 容ãç¾ åããç¯ãããã¾ããï¼2016å¹´1æï¼ 1918å¹´7æã渡ãé³¥æ¡ç´æ³ãå¶å®ãã¢ã¡ãªã«è°ä¼ï¼ä¸é¢ã»ä¸é¢ã¨ãå ±åå ãå¤æ°æ´¾ï¼ã¯ã渡ãé³¥ã¨ãã¦æå®ããã¦ããé³¥ã¨é³¥ã®åµã»ç¾½ã»å·£ã®ç©çã»æç²ã»æ®ºå®³ã»è²©å£²ãç¦æ¢ãã渡ãé³¥æ¡ç´æ³ï¼Migratory Bird Treaty Act 1918ï¼ãå¯æ±ºããã¦ã£ã«ã½ã³å¤§çµ±é ï¼æ°ä¸»å ï¼ãç½²åãã¦æç«ããã 1924å¹´6æãã¯ã©ã¼ã¯-ãã¯ããªæ³ãå¶å®ãã¢ã¡ãªã«è°ä¼ï¼ä¸é¢ã»ä¸é¢ã¨ãå ±åå ãå¤æ°æ´¾ï¼ã¯ãè¾²åçã®æéé¨ããå½æã®æ£®æã¨èåã®ä¿è·ã¨è²æã®ããã«ãåå°ã®è²·åãæ¨èã®çç£ã»é å¸ã»æ¤æãæ¨æã®çç£ãæ¨é²ããï¼Clarke-McNary Act 1924ï¼ãå¯æ±ºãããã¼ãã£ã³ã°å¤§çµ±é ï¼å ±åå ï¼ãç½²åãã¦æ
ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯è¤æ°ã®åé¡ãããã¾ããæ¹åããã¼ããã¼ã¸ã§ã®è°è«ã«ãååãã ããã åºå ¸ã¯è注ãªã©ãç¨ãã¦è¨è¿°ã¨é¢é£ä»ãã¦ãã ãããï¼2016å¹´1æï¼ éå¤ãªå 容ãç¾ åããç¯ãããã¾ããï¼2016å¹´1æï¼ 1918å¹´7æã渡ãé³¥æ¡ç´æ³ãå¶å®ãã¢ã¡ãªã«è°ä¼ï¼ä¸é¢ã»ä¸é¢ã¨ãå ±åå ãå¤æ°æ´¾ï¼ã¯ã渡ãé³¥ã¨ãã¦æå®ããã¦ããé³¥ã¨é³¥ã®åµã»ç¾½ã»å·£ã®ç©çã»æç²ã»æ®ºå®³ã»è²©å£²ãç¦æ¢ãã渡ãé³¥æ¡ç´æ³ï¼Migratory Bird Treaty Act 1918ï¼ãå¯æ±ºããã¦ã£ã«ã½ã³å¤§çµ±é ï¼æ°ä¸»å ï¼ãç½²åãã¦æç«ããã 1924å¹´6æãã¯ã©ã¼ã¯-ãã¯ããªæ³ãå¶å®ãã¢ã¡ãªã«è°ä¼ï¼ä¸é¢ã»ä¸é¢ã¨ãå ±åå ãå¤æ°æ´¾ï¼ã¯ãè¾²åçã®æéé¨ããå½æã®æ£®æã¨èåã®ä¿è·ã¨è²æã®ããã«ãåå°ã®è²·åãæ¨èã®çç£ã»é å¸ã»æ¤æãæ¨æã®çç£ãæ¨é²ããï¼Clarke-McNary Act 1924ï¼ãå¯æ±ºãããã¼ãã£ã³ã°å¤§çµ±é ï¼å ±åå ï¼ãç½²åãã¦æ
^ a b âUNdataâ. å½é£. 2021å¹´10æ11æ¥é²è¦§ã ^ a b c d e IMF Data and Statistics 2021å¹´10æ16æ¥é²è¦§ï¼[1]ï¼ ^ 2006å¹´ã¾ã§ã®é貨ã¯ãã©ã¼ã«ï¼SITï¼ã ^ ã¹ãããã¢ã®ã¦ã¼ã硬貨ãåç §ã ã¹ãããã¢å ±åå½ï¼ã¹ãããã¢ãããããããã¹ãããã¢èª: Slovenija: [sloËveËnija]âï¼ãé称ã¹ãããã¢ã¯ãä¸å¤®ã¨ã¼ãããã«ä½ç½®ããå½[1]ãé¦é½ã¯ãªã¥ããªã£ã[2]ã主è¦ãªã¨ã¼ãããã®æåã交æã®äº¤å·®è·¯ã§ãã[3][4]ã ã¹ãããã¢ã¯ã西ã¯ã¤ã¿ãªã¢ãåã¯ãªã¼ã¹ããªã¢ãåãåæ±ã¯ã¯ãã¢ãã¢ãåæ±ã§ãã³ã¬ãªã¼ã¨ããããå½å¢ãæ¥ãã¦ãã[5]ãå½åé¢ç©ã¯20,273å¹³æ¹ããã¡ã¼ãã« (7,827 sq mi)ã§ã205ä¸äººã®äººå£ãæãã[6]ãè°ä¼å¶å ±åå½ã§ã欧å·é£åãå大西æ´æ¡ç´æ©æ§ã®å çå½ã§ãã[7]ãã¹ã
åè²å¤§è¾å ¸ã¨ã¯ åè²å¤§è¾å ¸ã¯1997å¹´ã«ãªã¼ãã³ãããããã®è²è¦æ¬ãµã¤ãã§ãã 9種é¡ã®è²è¦æ¬ã¨è²ã«é¢ããå種ãµã¼ãã¹ããæ§æããã¦ãã¾ãã è²è¦æ¬ã³ã³ãã³ã㯠ãã©ã¦ã¶ã§å®ç¾©ããã¦ããHTMLã«ã©ã¼ãã¼ã ã æ¥æ¬ã®ä¼çµ±è²ã ä¸çã®ä¼çµ±è²ã Webã»ã¼ãã«ã©ã¼ã ãã¹ãã«ã«ã©ã¼ã ããããã«ã©ã¼ã ã¢ããã¼ã³ã å°ä¸éã®ã·ã³ãã«ã«ã©ã¼ã å½éå¶å®ã®å¡è£ è² ã®9ã¤ããæ§æãããç¹ã«æ¥æ¬ã®ä¼çµ±è²ã¯å¤æ¥ä¼ããå 人ã®è²å½©æè¦ãç¾ä»£ã«ä¼ãããã®ã¨ãã¦å¤ãã®æ¹ã ããæ¯æãããã ãã¦ãã¾ãã æååã¨èæ¯è²ã®çµã¿åããã試ããé è²å¤§è¾å ¸ã è¦åæ§ã®ããçµã¿åããããè²ãé¸ã¹ãé è²ãã¿ã¼ã³ã è²è¦æ¬ã®ä»ã«ããä»æ¥ã®ã©ããã¼ã«ã©ã¼ã ã³ããããè²ã解æãã¦èª¿åããæå解æã ã¹ãã©ã¤ããçæããã¹ãã©ã¤ãã¡ã¼ã«ã¼ã ã°ã©ãã¼ã·ã§ã³ãçæããã°ã©ãã¼ã·ã§ã³ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼ã ããªãã®å¥½ããªè²ã¨è²ã調åããè²èª¿åã ãµ
èª ã«åæãªãããå¼è¶ãã®ããæ±æµ·ã¢ãã¡çªçµè¡¨ã¯2023å¹´å¤ã§çµäºã¨ãªãã¾ãã ããã¾ã§ã®ãæ顧ãããã¨ããããã¾ããã 2023å¹´ç§ããã®æ°çªçµãå¥ãã¼ã¸ã§ä½æä¸ã§ããã覧é ããã°å¬ããã§ãã â Myã¢ãã¡æ°çªçµ191 Update 2023/09/08 ãç¥ãããã¢ãã 2023/08/31 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§ãè¿½è¨ 2023/07/13 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§ã»å¾çªçµãã§ãã¯è¡¨ãè¿½è¨ 2023/07/12 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§ãè¿½è¨ 2023/07/11 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§ãè¿½è¨ 2023/07/01 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§ã»å¾çªçµãã§ãã¯è¡¨ãè¿½è¨ 2023/06/29 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§ã»å¾çªçµãã§ãã¯è¡¨ãè¿½è¨ 2023/06/23 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§ã»å¾çªçµãã§ãã¯è¡¨ãæ´æ° 2023/06/14 å¤ã®å¾çªçµãã§ãã¯è¡¨ãã¢ãã 2023/06/13 å¤ã®æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§è¡¨ãã¢ãã 2023/05/08 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§ã«è¿½è¨ 2023/04/07 æ¥ä»é ä¸è¦§
ã¿ã¬ã³ãã¼ã°ã«ãããã§ã¼ããã®ç家ãæ»å¾ã¯ãä½å®¶ã¢ã³ãã³ã»ãã§ã¼ããè¨å¿µé¤¨ãã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã ã¢ã³ãã³ã»ãã§ã¼ããã¯1860å¹´ãã¢ã¾ãæµ·ã«é¢ãã港çºã¿ã¬ã³ãã°ã§ç¶ãã¼ã´ã§ã«ã»ã¨ã´ã¼ãã´ã£ãã»ãã§ã¼ããã¨ãæ¯ã¨ã´ã²ã¼ãã¤ã»ã¤ã¼ã³ã´ã¬ã´ãã»ãã§ã¼ãã¯ã®3ç·ã¨ãã¦çã¾ãããå ã«ã¢ã¬ã¯ãµã³ãã«ããã³ã©ã¤ãå¼ã«ã¤ã´ã¡ã³ãããã¤ã«ã妹ã«ããªã¤ããããç¶æ¹ã®ç¥ç¶ã¨ã´ã¼ã«ã¯è¾²å¥´ã ã£ããã1841å¹´ã«é 主ã«èº«ä»£éãæ¯æã£ã¦ä¸å®¶ã®èªç±ãç²å¾ãã[1][è¦ãã¼ã¸çªå·]ãç¶ãã¼ã´ã§ã«ã¯ã¿ã¬ã³ãã°ã§é貨åºãå¶ãã§ãã[2]ããã§ã¼ããã¯1867å¹´ã«ã®ãªã·ã¢ç³»ã®å¦æ ¡ã«å ¥å¦ããç¿å¹´ã«ã¯ãã·ã¢ç³»ã®ã¿ã¬ã³ãã°å¤å ¸ç§ä¸å¦(en)ã«å ¥å¦ãã[3]ã1876å¹´ã«ä¸å®¶ã¯ç ´ç£ããå¤éããã¦ã¢ã¹ã¯ã¯ã«ç§»ä½ããããããã¢ã³ãã³ã ããã¿ã¬ã³ãã°ã«æ®ã£ã¦ã¿ã¬ã³ãã°å¤å ¸ç§ä¸å¦ã§åå¦ãç¶ãã[4]ããã®é ããè©©ãæ¯æ²ãªã©ãæ¸ãã¦ããã¨ãããã¦ãã¦ã
GARNET CROWï¼ã¬ã¼ãããã»ã¯ãã¦ï¼ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã®ç·å¥³4人çµãã³ããç¥ç§°ã¯ãã¬ãã¯ãããã¬ã¼ãããããã¬ãããGIZA studioã«æå±ã2013å¹´6æ9æ¥ã®æçµã©ã¤ãããã£ã¦è§£æ£[3]ã ä¸æç±å©ï¼ãªããã ããï¼ æ å½ï¼ãã¼ã«ã«ãä½æ²ãããã¯ã³ã¼ã©ã¹ GARNET CROWã®å ¨æ¥½æ²ã®ä½æ²ãè¡ãããã¼ã«ã«ããã³ããã¯ã³ã¼ã©ã¹ãæ å½ãããããã¥ã¼å½æã¯GARNET CROWã®ä¸ã§ã¯å¯ä¸ã®æ°äººã§ãã£ããããã¥ã¼ä»¥éã¯GARNET CROWã®ããã³ããã¼ã½ã³ã¨ãã¦ãé³æ¥½çªçµã®ã¤ã³ã¿ãã¥ã¼ã¸ã®å¯¾å¿ãã©ã¤ãã®é²è¡å½¹ãè¡ãã AZUKIä¸ï¼ããã ãªãªï¼ æ å½ï¼ãã¼ãã¼ããä½è© GARNET CROWã®å ¨æ¥½æ²ã®ä½è©ãè¡ããæè©ä¸ã§ã¯ãç¡å¸¸è¦³ãå¯å¯¥æãæ»ã¨ãã£ã観念ãå½ã¦åãå¤ç¨ããå¾åããããã¾ãããã®ä¸ã§ç¨ããããåèªã«ã¯ãç¥è©±ãå®æãèæ¸ãæå¦ä½åã«ç±æ¥ãã¦ãããã®ãããã 岡æ¬ä»å¿ï¼ãã
ãã³ãï¼bondï¼ã¯ããªã¼ã¹ãã©ãªã¢äººã¨ã¤ã®ãªã¹äººã®å¥³æ§4人ãããªãã¹ããªã³ã°ã«ã«ãããï¼ã¢ã³ã¼ã¹ãã£ãã¯ãã³ãï¼ã 2001å¹´çµæãã¨ã¬ã¯ããªãã¯ã»ã´ã¡ã¤ãªãªã³ããµã¤ã¬ã³ãã»ãã§ãã使ç¨ããã¯ã©ã·ãã¯ã®åæ²ãªã©ããã¼ã¹ã«ç¬èªã®ã¢ã¬ã³ã¸ãæ½ããã¹ã¿ã¤ã«ã¯ãã¯ã©ã·ãã¯ã»ã¯ãã¹ãªã¼ãã¼ã¨å¼ã°ããã楽æ²ã®ã»ã¨ãã©ã¯æã¡è¾¼ã¿ããµãã¼ãã¡ã³ãã¼ã«ãããããã³ã°ãå ãããã¦ããã弦楽åéå¥ã¯å½¢ã ãã®ãã®ã¨ãªã£ã¦ãããè¡£è£ ã ãã§ãªããæ®éã¯ã¤ã¹ã«åº§ã£ã¦æ¼å¥ããããã§ããç«å¥ã§ãã¬ã¤ãããªã©ãã´ã£ã¸ã¥ã¢ã«ãããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãéè¦ãã¦ããã®ã大ããªç¹å¾´ã æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯ãã¨ã¿ã»istãCyberdamã®CMãããã¬ã¹ã©ã¼ä½è¤èå¹³ã®å ¥å ´æ²ããã©ããå°æ©å·ä¼¸æ¨ã®æãã®æ¿å ¥æãªã©ã§ä½¿ããããViva!ããæåãããã¥ã¼æ²ã®ãVictoryãããFuegoããCMããã©ãã§ä½¿ããããWinterãã¯2002å¹´ã½ã«ãã¬ã¼ã¯ã·
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "ãã§ã¤ã¹é³æ¥½åºç" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2023å¹´2æ)
å¯å³¶ 種è£ï¼ãããã¾ ãããã¿ãææ¿11å¹´9æ9æ¥ã1828å¹´10æ17æ¥ã- ææ²»38å¹´ã1905å¹´ã1æ31æ¥ï¼ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã®æ¿æ²»å®¶[1]ãä¾è¬å ¼ä¾è¬å±ç·è£ãåä¸å ¼å¶åº¦äºåå±å¤äºãåè°å ¼å¤§å¦å¾¡ç¨æãå å大è£ï¼ç¬¬4代ï¼ãæ¢å¯é¢å¯è°é·ï¼ç¬¬2代ï¼ãå¤åå¿ï¼ç¬¬3代ï¼ãå¤åäºåç·è£ãæ¸ å½ç¹å½å ¨æ¨©å¤§ä½¿ãå®®ä¸é¡§åå®ãèäºä¼ä¼é·ãæ±é¦åä¼ä¼é ãæå½å ¬å çºèµ·äººçãæ´ä»»ãä½éå²çã¯æ£äºä½å²ä¸ç伯çµã ååã¯äºéï¼ãããï¼ãé¾ç¨®ï¼ãã¤ããï¼ãé称ã¯æ¬¡éï¼ãããï¼ãå·ã«è¼æµ·ï¼ããããï¼ãä¸ã å¦äººï¼ãã¡ãã¡ããããï¼ã ææ¿11å¹´ï¼1828å¹´ï¼ä½è³ååå ã«ãä½è³è©å£«ã»æååæ¿ ã®æ¬¡ç·ã¨ãã¦çã¾ãããå ã¯æåç¥é½ãè©æ ¡ã»å¼é館æè«ãçµã¦ãå°çæ夷éåã«å¥èµ°ãå ã¨å ±ã«ã義ç¥åçãã«åå ã32æ³ã§å¯å³¶å®¶ã®é¤åã¨ãªããææ²»ç¶æ°å¾ã«åä¸ã»å¶åº¦äºåå±å¤äºã¨ãªããç¦å²¡åå¼ã¨å ±ã«ãæ¿ä½æ¸ããèµ·èãåè°å ¼å¤§å¦å¾¡ç¨æãçµã¦å¤åå¿ã¨ãªãã
ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯è¤æ°ã®åé¡ãããã¾ããæ¹åããã¼ããã¼ã¸ã§ã®è°è«ã«ãååãã ããã åºå ¸ãä¸è¶³ãã¦ãã¾ããåå½äººç©ã®è¨äºã¯ç¹ã«ãæ¤è¨¼å¯è½æ§ãæºããã¦ããå¿ è¦ãããã¾ããï¼2017å¹´8æï¼ ç¬ç«è¨äºä½æã®ç®å®ãæºããã¦ããªãããããããã¾ããï¼2017å¹´8æï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "å±±ä¸æ¦å" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL å±±ä¸ æ¦åï¼ãã¾ãã ãã¤ãã1955å¹´ - ï¼ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã®å¥³æ§å²ç 究家ã婦人åé¡ã»æåæ¹è©å®¶ã è©è«å®¶ã»å©¦äººåé¡ç 究家ã§å¥³æ§è§£æ¾è«è ã®å±±å·èæ ã¯æ¯æ¹ã®è¦ªæã«ããããæ±æ¸å¾æ-ææ²»æ代ã®æ°´æ¸è©å£«ã§å¼é館ææé å代çã»å½°è館権ç·è£ãåããåå¦è ã»å²å¦è ã®é山延寿ã¨åå¦è ã»å²å¦è ã®é山延寿ãå±±ä¸ã®æ¯æ¹ã®ã«ã¼ãã¨ãªã£ã¦ãããç¶è¦ªã¯é¹¿å 島çåºèº«ãè¾²ææ°´ç£çã®å½¹äººã§ãå èªç±æ°ä¸»å è¡è°é¢è°
ãªã«ãã³ã»ã°ã¬ã³ã»ãã©ã¼ï¼Alton Glenn Millerã1904å¹´3æ1æ¥ - 1944å¹´12æ15æ¥ï¼ã¯ã¢ã¡ãªã«ã®ã¸ã£ãºãã¥ã¼ã¸ã·ã£ã³ï¼ããã³ãã¼ã³å¥è ãä½æ²å®¶ãã¢ã¬ã³ã¸ã£ã¼ããã³ããªã¼ãã¼ï¼ãã°ã¬ã³ã»ãã©ã¼æ¥½å£ï¼è±èªçï¼ãçµæããã ã«ã¦ã³ãã»ãã¤ã·ã¼ãããã¼ã»ã°ãããã³ããã¥ã¼ã¯ã»ã¨ãªã³ãã³çã¨å ±ã«ã¹ã¦ã£ã³ã°ã¸ã£ãºãããã°ã»ãã³ãã»ã¸ã£ãºã代表ãããã³ããªã¼ãã¼ãæ¼å¥å®¶ã«æãããã¦ããã ã¢ã¤ãªã¯å·ã¯ã©ãªã³ãçã¾ãã®ãã¤ãç³»ã¢ã¡ãªã«äººã1915å¹´ã«å®¶æã¨ç§»ä½ããããºã¼ãªå·ã°ã©ã³ãã·ãã£ã§ããã³ãã¼ã³ãå§ããå°å ã®ãªã¼ã±ã¹ãã©ã§æ¼å¥ãå§ãããããã¦1923å¹´ã«ã³ãã©ã大å¦ãã«ãã¼æ ¡ã«é²å¦ãããã»ã¨ãã©è¡ããã«ä¸éããã¥ã¼ã¨ã¼ã¯ã«ã¦ããã®ããã³ãã¼ã³å¥è ã¨ãã¦é³æ¥½ã®éã«é²ããã売ããã«ç®ç«ããªãæ代ãç¶ãããããã¦ããã¼ã»ãã¼ã·ã¼ãããã¼ã»ã°ãããã³ãã¬ããã»ãã³ã«ãºï¼è±èªçï¼ãª
æ·ç° ç´äººï¼ããã ãªãã¨ã1971å¹´10æ25æ¥ - ï¼ã¯ãç¦å²¡çåºèº«ã®ããéç審å¤å¡ã審å¤å¡è¢çªå·ã¯1996å¹´-2003å¹´ã¯46ã2004å¹´-2010å¹´ã¾ã§ã¯2ã2011å¹´ãã3ã ç¦å²¡çç«å «å¹¡å·¥æ¥é«çå¦æ ¡ãåæ¥å¾ãæ°æ¥éµåæ´¥ã«å ¥ç¤¾[1]ãæ°æ¥éµæ代ã¯ä¸æ³åãæ¾ä¸ä¿¡å½¦ãã¨ãã¼ã ã¡ã¤ãã§ãã£ããéçé¨ã§ææã¨ãã¦3å¹´éãã¬ã¼ããããç®ç«ã£ãçµæã¯æ®ããã¨ãªã1992å¹´éãã§éé¨ãåæã«æ°æ¥éµãé社ããã ãã®å¾1994å¹´ã«æ¯å»è ã®å¾ å室ã§è¦ãã¹ãã¼ãæ°èã§ã»ã»ãªã¼ã°å¯©å¤å¡å ¬åã®è¨äºãè¦ãããããã®è¨äºãå¿ã«æ®ã£ãããã«ãã®ã¾ã¾ã³ã³ããã¨ã³ã¹ã¹ãã¢ã«å¯ããåæ°èãè³¼å ¥ãã»ã¬ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«å¿åãåæ ¼ãæããã[1]ããã®å¾ããªã³ã¯ãã³ã»ããã¼ãã³ã°å¯©å¤å¦æ ¡ãçµã¦1996å¹´ãã審å¤å¡ã¨ãªãã2001å¹´ã«ä¸è»ããã¥ã¼ã 2006å¹´ã«ãªã¼ã«ã¹ã¿ã¼ã²ã¼ã ã«ååºå ´ããã®å¹´11æã«éå¬ãããæ¥ç±³éçã§ãã第
naoï¼ãªãã1985å¹´1æ26æ¥ - ï¼ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã®å¥³æ§ææãåèçåºèº«ãå fripSide㨠fripSide NAO project! ã®ã´ã©ã¼ã«ã«ãç¾å¨ã¯ã½ãææããã³é³æ¥½éå£DystopiaGroundã®ä»£è¡¨ã»ã´ã©ã¼ã«ã«ã¨ãã¦æ´»åãã¦ããã主ã«PCã²ã¼ã ã®ä¸»é¡æãæãããããªããDystopiaGroundãæ¬é ã§æ±ãã [ç·¨é] æ¥æ´ [ç·¨é] 2002å¹´ã2009å¹´3æ fripSideå代ãã¼ã«ã«ã¨ãã¦æ´»åã 詳細ã¯ãfripSideããåç § [ç·¨é] fripSideè±é以é 2010å¹´3æ31æ¥ãXbox360ã²ã¼ã ãCHAOS;HEAD ãã¶ChuâChu!ãOP主é¡æãã·ã³ã¯ããããããã§ã½ãã¡ã¸ã£ã¼ããã¥ã¼ã 2010å¹´3æ31æ¥ããHiBiKi Radio Stationã«ã¦ãåã®ã½ãã©ã¸ãªãRadio ãªãããã¹ããããæ¾ééå§ã [ç·¨é] DystopiaGr
ã3ã¤ã®ã´ã¡ã¤ãªãªã³ã¨éå¥ä½é³ã®ããã®ã«ãã³ã¨ã¸ã¼ã° ãé·èª¿ã(åé¡: Canon a 3 Violinis con Basso c. / Gigue) ã¯ããããã¯æ代ã®ãã¤ãã®ä½æ²å®¶ã¨ãã³ã»ãããã«ãã«ã®å®¤å 楽æ²ãä½åçªå· PWC 37ãååã®ã«ãã³ãç¹ã«æåã§ããããã«ãã«ã®ã«ãã³ã¨ãã¦ç¥ããã¦ãããä½æ²ææãçµç·¯ã¯ä¸æãç¾åããæãå¤ã楽èã¯19ä¸ç´ã®çåèã§ããã çåãããã«ãã«ã¯ãªã«ã¬ã³ä»ã®éµç¤æ¥½å¨æ²ã§æåã ã£ãããç¾å¨ã§ã¯æä¼é³æ¥½ã室å 楽ã®éè¦ãªä½æ²å®¶ã¨ãã¦ãç¥ããã¦ãã[1]ãããããããã«ãã«ã®å®¤å 楽æ²ã¯ã»ã¨ãã©æ®ã£ã¦ããªããçåã«åºçããããã«ãã£ã¼ã¿éMusikalische Ergötzungãé¤ãã¨åæ¬ã¨ãã¦æ®ãããã¤ãã®ä½åã®ã¿ãç¥ããã¦ããããã«ãã³ã¨ã¸ã¼ã° ãé·èª¿ããããããæ²ã®ä¸ã¤ã§ããããã«ãªã³å·ç«å³æ¸é¤¨ã«Mus.MS 16481/8ã¨çªå·ã¥ãããã¦ã
ãè±é¥ã®æµ·ãï¼ã»ããããã®ãã¿ï¼ã¯ãä¸å³¶ç±ç´å¤«ã®æå¾ã®é·ç·¨å°èª¬ããæµæ¾ä¸ç´è¨ç©èªããå ¸æ ã¨ãã夢ã¨è»¢çã®ç©èªã§[1]ããæ¥ã®éªããå¥é¦¬ããæã®å¯ºãã天人äºè¡°ãã®å ¨4å·»ããæããæå¾ã«ä¸å³¶ãç®æãããä¸ç解éã®å°èª¬ãã究極ã®å°èª¬ãã§ãã[1][2]ãäºå®ããæ©ãæçµåã§äºã¨ãªãæçµå·»ã®å ¥ç¨¿æ¥ã«ä¸å³¶ã¯ãé¸ä¸èªè¡éå¸ã¶è°·é§å±¯å°ã§å²è ¹èªæ®ºããï¼ä¸å³¶äºä»¶ï¼ã 第ä¸å·»ã¯è²´æã®ä¸çãèå°ã«ããææã第äºå·»ã¯å³ç¿¼çéå¹´ã®è¡åã第ä¸å·»ã¯å¯èè«ãçªãè©°ãããã¨ããåèã®ç·æ§ã¨ã¿ã¤ç室ã®å®è½çç¾å¥³ã¨ã®ä¿ããã第åå·»ã¯èªèã«æãããå°å¹´ã¨è人ã®å¯¾ç«ãæããã¦ãããæ§æã¯ã20æ³ã§æ»ã¬è¥è ãã次ã®å·»ã®ä¸»äººå ¬ã«è¼ªå»»è»¢çãã¦ããã¨ããæµãã¨ãªããä»æã®å¯èææ³ãç¥éã®ä¸éåé説ãè½ã®ãã·ãããã¯ãããæ¥å¤ç§å¬ãªã©ã®æ±æ´ã®ä¼çµ±ãè¸ã¾ããä½åä¸çã¨ãªã£ã¦ãããã¾ãæ§ã ãªãä»ãããããæ£è¦ãããèªã¿æ¹ã«ãã£ã¦å¤æ§ãªè§£éå¯è½ãª
ãééã¦ã·ã¸ããããï¼ãã¿ããã¦ã·ã¸ãããï¼ã¯æ¥æ¬ã®æ¼«ç»å®¶ã§ããçéæå¹³ã«ãã漫ç»ã2004å¹´ãã2019å¹´ã¾ã§ãããã°ã³ããã¯ã¹ããªãããï¼å°å¦é¤¨ï¼ã§ä¸å®æé£è¼[注 1]ãããã 2010å¹´10æãããå±±ç°åä¹ä¸»æ¼ã§æ¯æ¥æ¾éï¼MBSï¼å¶ä½ã«ãããã¬ããã©ãåããããã®åå ´çã2012å¹´8æ25æ¥ããå ¬éããã[1]ãã¾ã2014å¹´1æãããã©ãã®æ°ã·ãªã¼ãºãæ¾éãããã»ããåå¹´5æ16æ¥ã«ã¯æ°ä½æ ç»ãå ¬éã詳細ã¯ãã¬ããã©ãã®è¨äºãªãã³ã«æ ç»ã®è¨äºåç §ã 10æ¥5å²ï¼ãã´ï¼ã®è¶ æ´å©ééèãã«ã¦ã«ã¦ãã¡ã¤ãã³ã¹ãã®çµå¶è ã§ããä¸å¶é¦¨ããã®å¾æ¥å¡ã®æ¥å¸¸ã¨ãã«ã¦ã«ã¦ãã¡ã¤ãã³ã¹ã«è¨ªãã客ãããã³ãã®é¢ä¿è ã®æ§ã ãªäººé模æ§ã¨ç¤¾ä¼ã®éãæããã¹ãã¼ãªã¼ãç©èªã¯åã¨ãã½ã¼ãã«ãããä¸å¿äººç©ã®è¦ç¹ã§é²ã¿ãä¸å¶ã¯ãããã«æ¥è§¦ããçè¨åãçåå¨ã§ããããã®ããä¸å¶ãå ¨ãç»å ´ããªãåãå¤ã[注 2]ã ãªã
ãA.C.E.ãã¯ãã®é ç®ã¸è»¢éããã¦ãã¾ãã é³æ¥½ã¦ãããã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãA.C.E. (é³æ¥½ã¦ããã)ããã覧ãã ããã ä¸è¥¿åä¸ã®æ²ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãA.C.E. (ä¸è¥¿åä¸ã®æ²)ããã覧ãã ããã ãã®ä»ã®ç¨æ³ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãACEããã覧ãã ããã ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "Another Century's Episode" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2016å¹´4æ)
Freeciv 2.1-beta1, æ°ããAmplioã¿ã¤ã«ã»ãã Freecivã¯ãã·ãã»ãã¤ã¤ã¼ç£ä¿®ã®åæ¥ã²ã¼ã ãã·ã´ã£ã©ã¤ã¼ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãã·ãªã¼ãºã®ã¢ã¤ãã£ã¢ãå ã«è£½ä½ããããå¤äººæ°ã¿ã¼ã³å¶æ¦ç¥ã²ã¼ã ã§ããã GNU General Public Licenseä¸ã®ããªã¼ã½ããã¦ã§ã¢ã§ãããä¸çä¸ã®äººãæ稿ããã½ã¼ã¹ã³ã¼ãã»ã°ã©ãã£ãã¯ã»ãµã¦ã³ããªã©ã«ããå ±åã§éçºããã¦ãããã¾ããå¤ãã®Linuxãã£ã¹ããªãã¥ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã«å梱ããã¦ãããFreecivã¯ã¨ã¦ãæè»ãªè¨å®ãåºæ¥ãããããã·ã´ã£ã©ã¤ã¼ã¼ã·ã§ã³ Iãäºæã«ã¼ã«ã»ãã·ã´ã£ã©ã¤ã¼ã¼ã·ã§ã³ IIãäºæã«ã¼ã«ã»ãã·ã´ã£ã©ã¤ã¼ã¼ã·ã§ã³ IIã»IIIãæ··åã«ã¼ã«ã»ãFreecivãç¬èªã«ã¼ã«ã»ã«ã¹ã¿ã ã«ã¼ã«ãªã©ãæ§ã ãªã«ã¼ã«ã§ãã¬ã¤ã§ãããã°ã©ãã£ãã¯ã¨ãµã¦ã³ãã¯ç½®ãæãããã¨ãå¯è½ã§ãããã¯ã©ã¼ã¿ãã¥ã¼ã»å¹³é¢ã»ããã¯ã¹ãªã©ã®ã¿ã¤ã«ã»ã
åèçå¸å·å¸åºèº«[1]ã2000å¹´ãããã¾ã§ã®è²¯éãã¢ã«ãã¤ãã§ç¨¼ãã 160ä¸åãå æã«æ ªå¼æè³ãã¹ã¿ã¼ã[2]ãããããã¬ã¼ããå§ããæã¯å¤§å¦ã«å¨å¦ãã¦ããããåæ¥ã¾ã§ã®åä½ã2ç§ç®æ®ããã¾ã¾ä¸éãã¦ãã[1]ã æ å ±åéã«ã2ã¡ããããã®ãå¸æ³å®æ³æ¿ãããã¥ã¼ã¹éå ±æ¿ãã使ç¨ããã[3]ããæè³ä¸è¬æ¿ãã®æ ªæ¿ç¸å ´å¸«åä¼ã¹ã¬ããã«ãã¾ã«ãåç¡ããã§ã®æ¸ãè¾¼ã¿ããã¦ããã¨ãã[4]ã 2005å¹´ã®ãã¸ã§ã¤ã³ã æ ªå¤§é誤çºæ³¨äºä»¶ãã«ããç¥ãããããã«ãªã£ã[2]ã2008å¹´5æ17æ¥ã«ã¯æ¥æ¬çµæ¸æ°èã®1é¢ã«é¡åçå ¥ãã§ç´¹ä»ããã[5]ã ä¸åç£ã«ãæè³ãã¦ããã2008å¹´10æã«ã¯ãç§èåé§ åã®å°ä¸10éã»å°ä¸1éã®åæ¥ãã«ããã§ã ãã§ã ç§èåãã®ææ権ã90ååç¨åº¦ã§åå¾ã[6][7]ã2011å¹´ã«ã¯æ±äº¬é½å代ç°åºå¤ç¥ç°ä¸ä¸ç®ï¼ç§èåï¼ã®ãæ·å°é¢ç©800å¹³æ¹ã¡ã¼ãã«ãå°ä¸6éãå°ä¸2é建ã¦ã®
æ£å æ¾å¤ªéï¼ããããã ã¾ã¤ãããã1885å¹´ãææ²»18å¹´ã4æ11æ¥ - 1969å¹´ãæå44å¹´ã10æ9æ¥[3]ï¼ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã®å®æ¥å®¶ãæ¿æ²»å®¶ãèªå£²æ°è社社主ãæ¥æ¬ãã¬ãæ¾é網代表åç· å½¹ç¤¾é·ãè®è³£ãã¬ãæ¾éä¼é·ãæ¥æ¬æ¦é館ä¼é·ãªã©ãæ´ä»»ããã èªå£²æ°è社ã®çµå¶è ã¨ãã¦ãåæ°èã®é¨æ°æ¡å¤§ã«æåãããèªå£²ä¸èã®ç¥ãã¨ãã¦å¤§æ£åï¼ã ããããããï¼ã¨å¼ã°ããã èªå£²ã¸ã£ã¤ã¢ã³ãï¼å·¨äººï¼ã®å代ãªã¼ãã¼ã¨ãã¦ãæ¦å¾ã®æ¥æ¬ã®ããéçã®çºå±ã«è²¢ç®ããããã«ãããéçã®ç¶ãã¨å¼ã°ãããæ¥æ¬ãã¬ããåµç«ãããã¬ãã®æ®åãçºå±ã«è²¢ç®ããããã«ããã¬ãæ¾éã®ç¶ãã¨å¼ã°ãããã¾ããåååçºé»ã®æ¨é²ã«ãè²¢ç®ããããã«ãåååã®ç¶ãã¨ãå¼ã°ãã[4]ã 1955å¹´ï¼æå30å¹´ï¼ãã1969å¹´ï¼æå44å¹´ï¼ã¾ã§è¡è°é¢è°å¡ï¼èªæ°å ã«æå±ï¼ãåãããæ¿çã§ãä¸å®ã®å½±é¿åããã£ãã é§æ¾¤å¤§å¦ãä¸ç¥å¸«è°·ã°ã©ã¦ã³ãï¼éçé¨å宿æ
主è¦ã§ãªãï¼ãã¨ãã°å°åã®äºæ ãè¸è½é¢é£[1]ãªã©ï¼å ±éãè¨äºãªã©ãè¼ãããæ´»åãæ·ãè©°ãããã¦ããã¨ããããããã¿ãã¨å¼ã°ãããç·¨éå±å ã§ã¯âé¢â段ã¨æ°åãå ¥ãã¦ç´°ããè¨äºãæå®ãããã¨ãããã åºæ¬çã«1段ç¨åº¦ã§æ§æããã¦ãããã®ãå¤ããã¯ããã¯ãã¿è¨äºæ±ãããã¦ãã¦ããå¾ã«ãªã£ã¦ãã大äºä»¶ã®å触ãã§ãã£ããã¨ãå¤æããå ´åãããã
èæ¸é å¸ååä¼ï¼ããããã¯ããµããããããããï¼ã¯ãå®®åçä¼å ·é¡ä¸¸æ£®çºã«ããããªã¹ãæç³»ã®ãã©ã³ãã£ã¢å£ä½ãããªã¹ãæã®å¸ææ´»åããã¦ãããå®ææ³äººã§ã¯ãªããå®®åç丸森çºã«æ¬é¨ãç½®ã[1]ãéå£çæ´»ãããã³ã¢ã¡ã³ãã¼ãä¸å¿ã«ããç¥ã®å¾¡è¨èããä¸ã«ä¼ãããä¼éæ´»åããè¡ã[2]ã 1950年代ã«è¤æ°ã®æ¥æ¬äººã¨ã¢ã¡ãªã«äººãä¸å¿ã¨ããããªã¹ãè ã«ããè¨ç«ããã[3]ããããã¹ã¿ã³ãã»ç¦é³æ´¾ç³»ã®è¶ ææ´¾å£ä½ã§ãããåã ã®ããªã¹ãè ãäºå©çã«æ´»åãããã©ã³ãã£ã¢å£ä½ã§ãããæ°¸ããæ³äººæ ¼ãæããªãã£ã[4]ãã2016å¹´ãä¼è¨ã»ç»è¨ã»ç¨åå¦çãªã©ã®ææåã®ãããéå¶ä¸»ä½ã¨ãã¦ã®ä¸è¬ç¤¾å£æ³äººããã«ãã³ã°ã»ãã³ãºãã¡ã¦ã³ãã¼ã·ã§ã³ããè¨ç«ãã[5]ãæµ·å¤ã«ãä¼éæ´»åããã¦ããã æ´»åã¯å¤§ããåãã¦4ã¤[6]ãèæ¸ãè¦ç´ããååã®ãã¹ãã£ã³ã°ã¨å°ä¸å¦æ ¡åã§ã®é å¸ããã©ã«ã¼ããæ¡å£°å¨ãè¡å®£è»ã«ããè¡å®£ãèæ¸ãã
ã¿ã°ã¯ã©ã¦ãã®ä¾ ãã©ã¼ã¯ã½ããã¼ï¼è±: folksonomyï¼ã¨ã¯ãã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãããã®ã¦ã§ããµã¤ãä¸ã®æ å ±ã«ãå©ç¨è èªããè¤æ°ã®ãã¿ã°ãï¼è±: tagãåæï¼ãèªç±ã«ä»ãå ããæ¤ç´¢ã§ããããã«ãã¦ããåé¡ã®æ¹æ³ãããããã®èªã¯ãæ°è¡ããæå³ããè±èªããã©ã¼ã¯ã¹ãã¨ãåé¡æ³ããæå³ããè±èªã®ãã¿ãã½ããã¼ããåãããé èªã§ããã ãµã¤ãã®ç®¡çè ãã³ã³ãã³ãã®åé¡ãè¡ããå©ç¨è ã¯é¢ãããã¨ã®ã§ããªããå¾æ¥ã®ãã£ã¬ã¯ããªï¼ã«ãã´ãªï¼åé¡ãããããæ¤ç´¢ã¨ã¯ãå¯¾ç §ããªããåé¡ã®ä½æ¥ãä¸äººã«éãããçµããã®ãªããªã¼ãã³ãªãã®ã§ãããã¨ãã¦ã¼ã¶ã¼ã®å ±åä½æ¥ã«ãããã®ã§ãããã¨ãç¹å¾´ã§ãããã¾ãæ¤ç´¢ã«å½ãã£ã¦ã¯ãå³æ¸é¤¨æ å ±å¦ã§ä½¿ããããããããå®ããããçµ±å¶èªå½ã®ä»£ããã«ãã¦ã¼ã¶ã¼ãèªç±ã«ä½æãããã¼ã¯ã¼ããç¨ãããã[1]ã ãã©ã¼ã¯ã½ããã¼ã«ããã¿ã°ä»ãã¯ãã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãããä¸ã®æ å ±ã®éåä½ã®ä¸ãããç®æ
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "ãã¿ã´ã©è£ ç½®" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2016å¹´6æ) ãã¿ã´ã©è£ ç½®ï¼ãã¿ã´ã©ããã¡ï¼ã¯ãNHKæè²ãã¬ãã¸ã§ã³ï¼Eãã¬ï¼ã®çªçµããã¿ã´ã©ã¹ã¤ãããã®ã³ã¼ãã¼ãããã³ããã«ç»å ´ããããããè£ ç½®ãã«ã¼ãã»ã´ã¼ã«ããã¼ã°ã»ãã·ã³ã®ä¸ç¨®ã§ãæ称ã§ãããããã¿ã´ã©çè£ ç½®ï¼ãã¿ã´ã©ã¦ãããã¡ï¼ã¨å¼ã°ãããã¨ããã[1][2]ã è£ ç½®ã®æ§æã¯ä¸»ã¨ãã¦èº«ã®åãã«ãããã®ï¼å®è¦ãã¯ãªãããç´ããããããã«çï¼ã§ä½ããã¦ãããããããã¼çãå°ããªè»ã転ãã£ã¦ãããã¨ããå½¢ã®ãã®ãå¤ããæåã«ãã£ãããä¸ãã以éã¯é£éçãªéåã®ã¿
ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯è¤æ°ã®åé¡ãããã¾ããæ¹åããã¼ããã¼ã¸ã§ã®è°è«ã«ãååãã ããã åºå ¸ãã¾ã£ãã示ããã¦ããªããä¸ååã§ããå 容ã«é¢ããæç®ãæ å ±æºãå¿ è¦ã§ããï¼2016å¹´3æï¼ è注ã«ããåºå ¸ãåèæç®ã®åç §ãä¸ååã§ããè注ã追å ãã¦ãã ãããï¼2018å¹´8æï¼ ç¬èªç 究ãå«ã¾ãã¦ããããããããã¾ããï¼2019å¹´12æï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "製ä½å§å¡ä¼æ¹å¼" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL 製ä½å§å¡ä¼æ¹å¼ï¼ãããããããããã»ãããï¼ã¨ã¯ãã¢ãã¡ã»æ ç»ã»ãã¬ãçªçµï¼ä¸»ã«ãã¬ãããã©ã¨ãã£ï¼ãªã©ã®æ åä½åããæ¼åã»ãã¥ã¼ã¸ã«ã«ãªã©ã®èå°ä½åãä½ãããã®è³é調éã®éã«ãåç¬åºè³ã§ã¯ãªããè¤æ°ã®ä¼æ¥ã«åºè³ãã¦ãããæ¹å¼ã®ãã¨ã è¤æ°ä¼æ¥ã«åºè³ãã¦ããã£ãå ´åã®åºè³ä¼æ¥ã®éåä½ãã製ä½å§å¡ä¼ã
èªå¾è¨ç·´æ³ï¼ããã¤ããããã»ããautogenic trainingï¼ã¨ã¯ã1932å¹´ã«ãã¤ãã®ç²¾ç¥ç§å»ã¨ããã¹ã»ãã¤ã³ãªãã»ã·ã¥ã«ãã«ãã£ã¦åµå§ãããèªå·±å¬ç æ³ã§ããããªã©ã¯ã»ã¼ã·ã§ã³ææ³ã§ãããã¹ãã¬ã¹ç·©åãå¿èº«çãç¥çµçãªã©ã«å¹æãããã èªå¾è¨ç·´æ³ã¯å³å¯ã«ã¯è¤æ°ã®è¨ç·´ãããªãããæ¨æºè¨ç·´ãããé»æ³è¨ç·´ãããç¹æ®è¨ç·´ããªã©ã§ããããã®å ãä¸å¿ã«ãªãã®ã¯æ¨æºè¨ç·´ã§ããããèªå¾è¨ç·´æ³ã®åºæ¬çãã¤å¿ é ã®é¨åã§ããã ãã¨ã¯ãã¤ãã®å¤§è³ççå¦è ãªã¹ã«ã¼ã»ãã©ã¯ãã®è¨åºçå¬ç ç 究ã«åºã¥ãããã©ã¯ãã®ç 究ã«åºæ¿ãããã·ã¥ã«ãã¯1905å¹´å¬ç ã¨æ示ã®å¯è½æ§ã«ã¤ãã¦æ¹ãã¦æ¤è¨ãå§ãããã·ã¥ã«ãã¯äººãå¬ç ç¶æ ã«å ¥ãã¨ã»ã¨ãã©ãå ±éã¨ãè¨ãã2ã¤ã®ä¸»è¦³çãªæããå ±åãããã¨ãããã£ããä¸ã¤ã¯è¢ä½ãã²ã©ããéãããã¨ããæãã§ãããããä¸ã¤ã¯ãã ãã ãåºãã£ã¦ããã温ãããæãã§ãã£ããå½¼ã¯ãã®2ã¤ãè¦é
å人åè³ã¬ã¼ã¹ï¼ããããããããã¬ã¼ã¹ï¼ã¨ã¯ãä¸é¨å°æ¹ç«¶é¦¬å ´ã»ç«¶è¼ªå ´ã»ãã¼ãã¬ã¼ã¹å ´ã§è¡ããã¦ããç¹å¥ç«¶èµ°ã®ä¸ç¨®ã§ãããå人ãããã¯å£ä½ãå ¬åºè¯ä¿ã®ç¯å²å ã«ããã¦å¥½ããªã¬ã¼ã¹åãè¨å®ãããã¨ãå¯è½ã§ããã 売ãä¸ãé£ãææããå»æ¢ãè¦æ¨¡ç¸®å°ãé²ããããå°æ¹ç«¶é¦¬ã®æ´»æ§åãé²ããä¸ç°ã¨ãã¦ã1999å¹´ã«é«å´ç«¶é¦¬å ´ã»çç°ç«¶é¦¬å ´ã»é«ç¥ç«¶é¦¬å ´ã»ä¸æ´¥ç«¶é¦¬å ´ã§éå§ããã å人åè³ã¬ã¼ã¹ãè¡ãã«å½ãã£ã¦ã¯ã主å¬è ã«ãã®æ¨ãé£çµ¡ã»ç³ãè¾¼ã¿ãããä¸ã§å½è©²ã¬ã¼ã¹ã®åªå馬ã®é¨æã»é¢ä¿è ã«å¯¾ããè³åã»åè³éãæä¾ãããã¨ã¨ãªããå½è©²ã¬ã¼ã¹ã«ã¯ã主å¬è ãè¦å®ããç¯å²ã«ããã¦å¥½ããªã¬ã¼ã¹ã¿ã¤ãã«ãã¤ãããã¨ãã§ããããç¹ã«å人ãåè³ããå ´åããââããã®çµå©è¨å¿µæ¥è¨å¿µããÃÃããã®èªçæ¥è¨å¿µãã¨ãã£ãå人ã®è¨å¿µæ¥ãã¿ã¤ãã«ã«ãããã¨ãå¤ãã
èªçè±ï¼ããããããï¼ã¾ãã¯èªçæ¥ã®è±ã¯ãçã¾ããæã¾ãã¯ææ¥ã«ã¡ãªãã è±ã®ãã¨ã å¤æ¥ããè±ãæ¨ãªã©ã®æ¤ç©ã«ã¯ç¥ç§çãªåã宿ãã¨èãããã¦ãããç¥ã ãæ¦ã¨é¢é£ä»ãããããã®ã¨èãããã¦ãã[1]ããããèªçè±ãã®ãã®ã®æ¦å¿µã»èµ·æºãã誰ã決å®ãã¦ããã®ããªã©ããã®ç±æ¥ã¯å½ãå°åã«ãã£ã¦è«¸èª¬åããã¦ãããæ ¹æ ã¨ããç¥è©±ãä¼æ¿ã風ç¿ãéè±ææçã«ãããã©ã®ææ¥ã«ã©ã®è±ãå²ãå½ã¦ããã¦ãããã¯ã¾ã¡ã¾ã¡ã§ãã[2]ã
ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯è¤æ°ã®åé¡ãããã¾ããæ¹åããã¼ããã¼ã¸ã§ã®è°è«ã«ãååãã ããã åºå ¸ãã¾ã£ãã示ããã¦ããªããä¸ååã§ããå 容ã«é¢ããæç®ãæ å ±æºãå¿ è¦ã§ããï¼2019å¹´7æï¼ ç¬èªç 究ãå«ã¾ãã¦ããããããããã¾ããï¼2019å¹´7æï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "åä¾åãã¢ãã¡" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL åä¾åãã¢ãã¡ï¼ãã©ãããã¢ãã¡ï¼ã¯ãä¹³å ã»å¹¼å ããå°å¦çãããã¾ã§ã®å ç«¥ãè¦è´å¯¾è±¡ã¨ãã¦ä¼ç»ã»è£½ä½ãããã¢ãã¡ã¼ã·ã§ã³ä½åã åä¾ã®ç²¾ç¥çæé·ã¯å¹´åä½ã§é²ããããã¡ã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ã²ããã¨ããè¦è´å¹´é½¢ãæ§å¥ãªã©ã«ãã£ã¦å¤å½©ãªä½åã«åããããã åºæ¬çã«ã¯åä¾å±¤ã®å好ã«åãããä¸ã§ãè¦è´è ã¨åä¸ä»£ã®åä¾ãä¸»äººå ¬ã¨ããæ¥å¸¸ãæãããã®ãããæ¬äººåããåç©ã»ããããã»éæ³ãªã©ãæ±ãéæ¥å¸¸ãèå°ã¨ãã
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "èãæ ª" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2014å¹´12æ) ç義ã®ãèãæ ªãã¨ã¯ãã¢ãã¡ã»ã²ã¼ã ã»æ¼«ç»ã»è¶£å³é¢é£ã®éæã®ã¿ã«éãããï¼ããã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãä¸è¨ã«è¨è¼ãããããã£ãã30ãã®éæãåç §ï¼ã ããã«ç義ãªãã®ã«ãªãã¨ãèãã¢ãã¡ãèãã²ã¼ã ãèã漫ç»ãªã©ç·æ§æ人ãªã¿ã¯åãç¾å°å¥³ãã£ã©ãæ±ãä¸å ´ä¼æ¥ã®æ ªå¼ã®ã¿ãè¨ãå ´åãããããã®ãã¨ããããã£ããéæã§ããä¼æ¥èªãå½ç¤¾ã¯èãæ ªã§ããã¨ãããã¨ã¯ä¾ãå°ãªãã ãããåºç¾©ã®ãèãæ ªãã¨ãªãã¨ãä¸è¬çãªé³æ¥½ã»æ ç»ã»ãã½ã³ã³ã»ãã¹ã³ãâ¦ãªã©ã®å¹ åºãã¸ã£ã³ã«ã«åã¶ãããã«
ããã³ãèªã¨ã¯ãã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãããã¹ã©ã³ã°ã®ä¸ã¤ããããã³ããã¨ç§°ããã人ç©ãã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãããã®é»åæ²ç¤ºæ¿ã«æ¸ãè¾¼ãã ã¬ã¹ãè¨ãåãã§ããããã®äººç©ã¯ãã°ãã°ãããã³ããããã¨æ¬ç§°ä»ãã§å¼ã°ãã¦ãããããã³ãèªã使ãè ã¯ä¿ã«ãããã³ãã£ã¹ããã¨å¼ã°ãã¦ããã [ç·¨é] æ¦è¦ ããã³ãï¼ããã³ãããï¼ã¨å¼ã°ãã人ç©ã¯2ã¡ããããã®ããã²å®æ³æ¿ã®ããã¡ã¤ãã«ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼XIãã®ã¹ã¬ããã§ãåç¡ãã§ç¬ç¹ãªæä½ã®ã¬ã¹ãæ¸ãè¾¼ãã§ããããããããã¾ãã«ãæä½ãå¼·çãªã®ã§ããã«ç¹å®ããããã¨ãå¤ãã£ãããã§ãããããã³ãã¨ããå¼ã³åããã®æ¸ãè¾¼ã¿ããã²ã¼ã ä¸ã§ä½¿ã£ã¦ããã¨æ¨å®ããããã¬ã¤ã¤ã¼åBurontã«ç±æ¥ãããã®ã§ãããããã³ãã®ãã®ã¨ã¿ãªãããã¬ã¹ã«ã¯ãã³ãã«ãã¼ã ãåä¹ã£ããã®ããããããã¡ãã¯å¼ç§°ã¨ãã¦å®çããªãã£ããåºæ¬çã«åç¡ãã§ãããæ¸ãè¾¼ã¿ã«éãããªãããã¤ãã¦ãããIPã¢ãã¬ã¹ãæãã
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ããåºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "ã¬ãºãã¢ã³ç¨èª" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWLï¼2007å¹´10æï¼ ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯ç¬èªç 究ãå«ã¾ãã¦ããããããããã¾ããåé¡ç®æãæ¤è¨¼ãåºå ¸ã追å ãã¦ãè¨äºã®æ¹åã«ãååãã ãããè°è«ã¯ãã¼ããåç §ãã¦ãã ãããï¼2023å¹´10æï¼ ãè¡[ç·¨é] ã¦ã± æ§è¡çºã§ååã§ãããã¨ã好ããã¨ã ã¬ãºãã¢ã³ã®å ´åã¯ããã³ãã®è¡¨ç¾ãä¸è¬çã 御ç¥é å¾³å© ç¥é ã®å¾³å©ãåãç©ã2ã¤ã§1çµã§ãããã¨ã«ç±æ¥ããã¬ãºãã¢ã³ãæãé èªãæ¦åãã使ããã¦ããããç¾å¨ã§ã¯ã»ã¼æ»èªã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã[è¦åºå ¸]ã ãè¡[ç·¨é] è²åãã 女æ§ã®é°åå士ããã
ãã¤ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼éèªãã¨ã¤ãã³ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ãªã¼ãã¼ç¬¬18å· ãã¤ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ï¼è±èª: high fantasyï¼ã¨ã¯ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ï¼å¹»æ³ãå¹»æ³çä½åï¼ã®ä¸ç¨®ã§ãããæ¶ç©ºã®ç¥è©±çä¸çã§è±éãæ´»èºãã大ä½[1]ãJ.R.R.ãã¼ã«ãã³ã®ãæ輪ç©èªããã¼ãã»ãªãã»ã¶ã»ãªã³ã°ããã¯ãããã¢ã¼ãµã¼çä¼èª¬ããã¼ãã«ã³ã²ã³ç©èªãç¾ä»£ã«èããããããªå¤§ä½ãå¤ããããã¤ãã¯ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ï¼heroic fantasyï¼ã¨ãå¼ã°ãã[2]ã 対ç«ããæ¦å¿µã¨ãã¦ãã¼ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ãããã ãã¤ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ï¼ããã¤ãã¯ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ï¼ã¯ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ã®ãµãã¸ã£ã³ã«ã®ä¸ç¨®ã§ããããã¤ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ã¨ããç¨èªã¯ãã¤ãã»ã¢ãªã°ã¶ã³ãã¼ã1971å¹´ã«çºè¡¨ããã¨ãã»ã¤ãHigh Fantasy and Heroic Romanceãã§åãã¦ç¨ãããã[3]ã ãã¤ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ã¨ã¯ãç¾å®ã®ä¸çã§ã¯ãªããæ¶ç©ºã®ä¸çã®ãã¡
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "ã¨ããªãã¤ã»ãã¸ãã¯" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2009å¹´5æ) ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯ç¬èªç 究ãå«ã¾ãã¦ããããããããã¾ãã åé¡ç®æãæ¤è¨¼ãåºå ¸ã追å ãã¦ãè¨äºã®æ¹åã«ãååãã ãããè°è«ã¯ãã¼ããåç §ãã¦ãã ãããï¼2009å¹´5æï¼ ã¨ããªãã¤ã»ãã¸ãã¯ï¼everyday magicï¼ã¯ãç©èªã®é¡åã®ã²ã¨ã¤ã§ãæ¥å¸¸ã«ä¸æè°ãæ··ããå½¢æ ã®è©±ãé常ã¯ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ã®ã¸ã£ã³ã«ã®1ã¤ã§ãããã¼ã»ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ã«åé¡ãããããã ããã®æ±ç¨æ§ã®é«ãããããããããã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ã®ä¸é¨ã«å«ã¾ãããã©ããã«ã¤ãã¦è°è«ã®ããåé¡ã§ããããªã
æ¾éæéãæ示ããéãWP:JPE/Bã«å¾ãã追è¨ã«ããã£ã¦ã¯ãæ¦æ¥ï¼24æé表è¨ã®ãã¨ã§ãã£ã¦ã24æè¶ ã表è¨ã§ã¯ããã¾ããï¼ã§ã®éå§ã»çµäºã®æ¥ä»ãæ示ããããã«ãã¦ãã ãããã¾ããããã«ä¼´ã£ã¦ãè¨è¿°æ¸ã¿ã®ãã®ã§ãä¿®æ£ç®æãå¤æ°ã«æ¸¡ãã¾ããã追è¨ã®éã«ããããä¿®æ£ãã¦é ããã¨ãããããæãã¾ãã æ¥æ¬ã®ãã¬ãã¢ãã¡ä½åä¸è¦§ (2000年代 å¾å)ï¼ã«ã»ãã®ãã¬ãã¢ãã¡ããã²ããã¡ãã (2000ããã ã ããã¯ã)ï¼ã¯ã2005å¹´ãã2009å¹´ã«æ¾éãããæ¥æ¬ã®ãã¬ãã¢ãã¡ä½åä¸è¦§ã
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "é³åã¨éå" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2012å¹´3æ) ãã®ãã¼ã¸ã¯è¥¿æ´é³æ¥½ã«ãããé³ã®é«ãã®æ¸ã表ãæ¹ãããã³å½ãã¨ã«ç°ãªããã®è¨ã表ãæ¹ã®ä¸è¦§ã§ãããåè ã§ã¯é³åº¦ã»é³åã»éåã«ã¤ãã¦ãå¾è ã§ã¯æ¥ã»è±ç±³ã»ç¬ã»èã»ä¼ã»ä»å¼ã«ã¤ãã¦è¿°ã¹ãã éåï¼ããããï¼ã¯ãããé³éãæ§æããåé³ã«å称ãå²ãå½ã¦ã¦æãéåå±æ³ï¼è±èªçï¼ã«ããã¦ä½¿ãããé³ã®ååã§ãããã主é³ã«é¸ã°ããé³ã«å¯¾ããç¸å¯¾çãªé«ããã表ããç¾ä»£ã®æ¥æ¬ã§ä½¿ãããã®ã¯é·é³éãæ§æãã7é³ã«ä¸ããããã»ã¬ã»ãã»ãã¡ã»ã½ã»ã©ã»ã·[注 1]ãã®é³ç¯ãå²ãå½ã¦ãæ¹å¼
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "é³åã¨éå" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2012å¹´3æ) ãã®ãã¼ã¸ã¯è¥¿æ´é³æ¥½ã«ãããé³ã®é«ãã®æ¸ã表ãæ¹ãããã³å½ãã¨ã«ç°ãªããã®è¨ã表ãæ¹ã®ä¸è¦§ã§ãããåè ã§ã¯é³åº¦ã»é³åã»éåã«ã¤ãã¦ãå¾è ã§ã¯æ¥ã»è±ç±³ã»ç¬ã»èã»ä¼ã»ä»å¼ã«ã¤ãã¦è¿°ã¹ãã éåï¼ããããï¼ã¯ãããé³éãæ§æããåé³ã«å称ãå²ãå½ã¦ã¦æãéåå±æ³ï¼è±èªçï¼ã«ããã¦ä½¿ãããé³ã®ååã§ãããã主é³ã«é¸ã°ããé³ã«å¯¾ããç¸å¯¾çãªé«ããã表ããç¾ä»£ã®æ¥æ¬ã§ä½¿ãããã®ã¯é·é³éãæ§æãã7é³ã«ä¸ããããã»ã¬ã»ãã»ãã¡ã»ã½ã»ã©ã»ã·[注 1]ãã®é³ç¯ãå²ãå½ã¦ãæ¹å¼
ã¹ãã¼ã ãã³ã¯é¢¨ã®åç ã¹ãã¼ã ãã³ã¯ï¼è±èª: steampunkï¼ã¯ãã¬ãããã¥ã¼ãã£ã¼ããµã¤ã¨ã³ã¹ã»ãã£ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã®ãµãã¸ã£ã³ã«ã®1ã¤ã§ãããé¢é£ã¸ã£ã³ã«ã¨ãã¦ãã¡ã³ã¿ã¸ã¼ãæ´å²æ¹å¤ãã®ãã¹ããã¥ã¬ã¤ãã£ãã»ãã£ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãããã "Maison tournante aérienne" ï¼æåä½å® ï¼ãã¢ã«ãã¼ã«ã»ããããèªèã20ä¸ç´ãã«ã¤ããæ¿çµµã19ä¸ç´ã«20ä¸ç´ã®çæ´»ãæ³åããä½å 1980å¹´åå¾ãåèæã§ããã1980年代ãã1990年代åãããã¾ã§ç¹ã«äººæ°ãåããã[1]ããã®å¾ãSFã®1ãµãã¸ã£ã³ã«ã¨ãã¦å®çãç¾å¨ã«è³ãã ç¾å®ä¸çã«ãããå çæ©é¢ãåå¨ããªããç 究ä¸ã¨ããè¨å®ã®ãã¨ã§è¸æ°æ©é¢ãåºã使ããã¦ããåæããããã¤ã®ãªã¹ã®ã´ã£ã¯ããªã¢æãã¨ãã¯ã¼ãæã®é°å²æ°ããã¼ã¹ã¨ãªã£ã¦ããä¸ç観ã§ãããã¤ã®ãªã¹ä»¥å¤ã®å½ãæ¦ãããã¨éãªãæ代ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã§ããã°è¥¿é¨éææ代ãæ¥æ¬ã§ã
å ã ã¡ã¢ãªã¼ã»ã¹ã¼ã¯ã1973å¹´ã«åºçããããã¡ã³ã¸ã³ãMenagerieã2å·ã«æ²è¼ããããç·¨éè ã®ä¸äººãã¼ã©ã»ã¹ãã¹ï¼Paula Smithï¼ã«ãããã¹ã¿ã¼ãã¬ãã¯ãã®äºæ¬¡åµä½å°èª¬ãA Trekkie's Taleãï¼ãã¬ããã¼ã®ãã¨ã話ï¼ã«ç»å ´ãããªãªã¸ãã«ããã¤ã³ãã¡ã¢ãªã¼ã»ã¹ã¼å¤§å°ï¼ä½ä¸ã®æåã«ããã°ãï¼ç¥ï¼è¦éã§æå¹´å°ã®å¤§å°ã§ããï¼ä¸ç¥ï¼å¹´ã¯ã¾ã 15æ³ã¨åå¹´ãï¼ã®ååããåããã[1][2][3]ã ãã®å°èª¬èªä½ãå½æã®ã¹ã¿ã¼ãã¬ãã¯ã»ãã¡ã³ãã ã®æ´»çºãªå±¤ã§ããææ¥æã®å°å¥³ãã¡ãæ¸ãã¦ããäºæ¬¡åµä½å°èª¬ã«ç»å ´ããã¡ãªãéç¾å®çã§ææ¥æã®é¡æãå ·ç¾åãããããªãªãªã¸ãã«ãã£ã©ã¯ã¿ã¼ï¼è¦éã§ãæå¹´å°ãã¤æåªç§ã§ãåä½ã«ç»å ´ããã¯ã«ã¼ãããå°æ¬ãããæ³ããããããé©ããããªè½åãæã¡åä½ã®ã¯ã«ã¼ãããããã¦å¤§æ´»èºããå®ã¯ä»äººã¨éãå¤è¦³ãåºçã®ç§å¯ããããæ»ã¬ã¨ãã¯åçã«æ»ãã§å ¨å¡ãæ²ã
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "ã¯ãã¼ãºãã»ãµã¼ã¯ã«" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2010å¹´6æ) ã¯ãã¼ãºãã»ãµã¼ã¯ã«ï¼closed circleï¼ã¨ã¯ããã¹ããªç¨èªã¨ãã¦ã¯ãä½ããã®äºæ ã§å¤çã¨ã®å¾æ¥ãæãããç¶æ³ããããã¯ããããç¶æ³ä¸ã§ãããäºä»¶ãæ±ã£ãä½åãæãã éå»ã®ä»£è¡¨ä¾ããããåµã®å¤å³¶ãã®ããå¹éªã®å±±èãã®ããé¸ã®å¤å³¶ãã®ãã客è¹ãã®ããåè»ãã®ããªã©ã®æ§ã«åé¡ããããã¨ãããã ã¯ãã¼ãºãã»ãµã¼ã¯ã«ã¯å¯å®¤ã®ä¸ç¨®ã¨ããããã¨ãå¤ãããå¯å®¤ã¨éå¯å®¤ã®å¢çãåé¡ã¨ããä¸å¯è½ç¯ç½ªã§ã¯ãªãããã©ãã室å ã«éå®ããå¯å®¤åã§ããã ä¸çæå
ãã£ã¹ããã¢ï¼ãã¹ããã¢ï¼ã®èªæºã¯ããæªããå°é£ãªããæå³ãããå¤ä»£ã®ãªã·ã¢èª: Î´Ï Ï-ã[4]ã¨ããå ´æã風æ¯ããæå³ãããå¤ä»£ã®ãªã·ã¢èª: ÏÏÏοÏã[5]ãçµã¿åããããã®ã§ããã ã¾ããåæ§ã«ãæªããä¸éå¾³ãªããæå³ãããå¤ä»£ã®ãªã·ã¢èª: κακÏsã[6]ãçµã¿åãããã«ã³ããã¢ï¼è±: cacotopiaï¼ããåã¦ã¼ããã¢ï¼è±: anti-utopiaï¼ããããã¯æ¥æ¬èªã§ã¯æé»é·[7]ãå°çé·ãªã©ã¨ãè¨ãããã ãããªã¿ãã«å½é大ç¾ç§äºå ¸ å°é ç®äºå ¸ãã«ããã¨ãã£ã¹ããã¢ä½åã¯ãç¾ä»£ã®åé¡ç¹ãæªè§£æ±ºã®ã¾ã¾æ¾ç½®ãããã¨è¿æªæ¥ã¯ã©ããªããã¨ããé¢å¿ããå¤ãçã¾ãã[3]ããã®ä»£è¡¨ä¾ã«ã¯ããã°ãããæ°ä¸çãï¼1932å¹´ä½ï¼ãã1984å¹´ãï¼1948å¹´ä½ï¼ããããå ±éç¹ã¯ã人é解æ¾ãç´æããã¯ãã®ç§å¦ãæ³å¾ãéã«å·¨å¤§ãªç®¡ç社ä¼ãçã¿åºãã¨ããæ²è¦³çæªæ¥åã§ãã[3]ã主é¡ã¯ãèªç±ã®æ
ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯è¤æ°ã®åé¡ãããã¾ããæ¹åããã¼ããã¼ã¸ã§ã®è°è«ã«ãååãã ããã åºå ¸ãã¾ã£ãã示ããã¦ããªããä¸ååã§ããå 容ã«é¢ããæç®ãæ å ±æºãå¿ è¦ã§ããï¼2008å¹´6æï¼ ç¬èªç 究ãå«ã¾ãã¦ããããããããã¾ããï¼2015å¹´7æï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "éæ¥ãã³ã¯" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL
ãã®è¨äºã®ã»ã¨ãã©ã¾ãã¯å ¨ã¦ãå¯ä¸ã®åºå ¸ã«ã®ã¿åºã¥ãã¦ãã¾ãã ä»ã®åºå ¸ã®è¿½å ãè¡ããè¨äºã®æ£ç¢ºæ§ã»ä¸ç«æ§ã»ä¿¡é ¼æ§ã®åä¸ã«ãååãã ããã åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "ç©èªã®é¡å" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2018å¹´10æ) 人ãæ¥ããæ°ã ã®ç©èªã«ã¯é¡ä¼¼ã®ãã®ãå¤ãèªããããããããç©èªãé¡åã¨ãã¦æãããã¨ã¯åã¸ã£ã³ã«å ã§ããããã¯ã¸ã£ã³ã«ãè·¨ã£ã¦å¤ãè¡ããã¦ããããã ããç©èªã®é¡ååã«ã¯æ§ã ãªã¢ããã¼ãããããç©èªã«ç»å ´ãã人ç©é¡åã«ãããã®ãç©èªãæ§æããã¢ãã¼ãã«ãããã®ãç©èªã®æ§æãã®ãã®ã§ããããããã«ãããã®ãç©èªã®ã¹ãã¼ãªã¼ã«ãããã®ãç©èªã®è¡¨ç¾æ§å¼ã«ãããã®ãªã©ã§ããããå¤ãã®å ´åã¯ã¹ãã¼ãªã¼ããããããããã¯ã¢ãã¼ãã«åºã¥ãé¡ååãæãã ç©èªãé¡åã«åããã¨ãããã¨
æ¶ç©ºã®ãã®ã®ä¸è¦§ã®ä¸è¦§ï¼ãããã®ãã®ã®ãã¡ããã®ãã¡ããï¼ã§ã¯ãã¦ã£ãããã£ã¢æ¥æ¬èªçã«åå¨ãããã£ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã«é¢ããä¸è¦§ãã¾ã¨ãã¦ããã æ¬è¨äºä¸ã®åè¨äºã¯ããã¼ãå¥ã«50é³é ï¼æ¥æ¬èªèªã¿ï¼ã§ç¾ åããã¦ããã®ã§çæããããã
æ¸ããæ¬äººã¨ã²ããéä¸ã¯ç§é¸ã ãããã®è¨äºãè¨ããã ããééããªããã½ãã¨ããã·ã¢ã§ã¯ãè¨äºãæ¸ããæ¬äººã¨ã²ããéä¸ãç§é¸ã ã¨èªå®ããï¼ ããç´ æ´ãããæ¸ããæ¬äººã«ã§ããã£ã¦ãªãããã¦ã¿ããã£ã¦ãã ãããã½ãã¨ããã·ã¢ã§ã¯ãè¨äºãæ¸ããæ¬äººãç·¨éããï¼ ãã·ã¢çåç½®æ³ï¼-ã¦ãã¨ãã¡ã»ãï¼ã¨ã¯ã20ä¸ç´ã®éã«ã½é£ã«ãã£ã¦éçºãããæ¦è¡ã®ãã¨ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ã§éçºãããã¨ãè¨ã£ã人ã¯ç²æ¸ ããã¾ããããã®æå³ã¯ãæãéã«ããæ´ã«æ°ããåç½®è©å¥ãæã¡åºããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ãè³æ¬ä¸»ç¾©ææ³ã®ç¬ã©ãã麻çºããããã¨ã§ããããã·ã¢ã®ä¼çµ±æåã¨ãã¦å½éçã«è©ä¾¡ããã¦ããããã¼ãã³ãã¾ããç½µãè¨èããç¦åäºé ã«ãããã¨ã§åç´ãªç½µåãæãããã®åç½®æ³ãç¨ããæ»æä½æ³ãä¸çã¸æ®åããã¦ãããã¨ã表æããã ããã¯ããã¾ãã¾ãªè©±é¡ãæ··ä¹±ãããè«äºã«åå ããå½äºè ãå½ã®è«äºèªä½ã管çããè«æµãè¬ããã¨ãå¯è½ã¨ãããè«æµãå®éã«å¦
ãããªã¨ãããã£ã©ã¯ã¿ã¼ãä¸»äººå ¬ã ã£ã1ä½ç®ããã£ã®ã¥ã¢ã¹ã±ã¼ã¿ã¼Iãï¼é称ï¼ã¹ã±ã¯ã³ï¼ã¯ãä¸é¨ã§ã«ã«ãçãªäººæ°ãåããããããããã8ãããæ©ã®ãã¼ãã§å¶ä½ããããã¨ããã£ã¦ããã£ã©ã寸詰ã¾ãã§åããããã¡ãªãã2ä½ç®ã»ã©ãã¡ã³å±¤ãæ¡ãããã¨ãã§ããªãã£ãã ã¹ã±ãã¼ããå ¥ã£ããã¬ã¤ã¤ã¼ã«ã¯ãä»ã¯ãã ã®ãã³ã·ã§ã³ã®é«ããã°ã¡ããã¨ããæããã¦ããªããããªã®å大ããããããã¨ã«ãã¹ã®ç©ºæ馬鹿ã£ã·ããã¤ãªã¢ã¯ãã«ããªãªã«ã¯ããã»ã©ä¼¼ã¦ããªãã£ããã¨ãè¦æ ¼å¤ã®è£ã¯ã¶ã®å®åº«ã¹ã«ã¤ãã¹ãããã ãã§ä¸çãå¶ããã¦ã«ããã³ã·ã¼ã¨ãã¼ãã£ã®ã¤ã¶ã³ã¶ãã«ã¿ãªããè±ãããã£ãã·ã§ãã¯ããã¿ã©ãã¨ããã°ãã¿ã©ã½ã¯ã§ã¯ãªããå£ã®ã§ãããªãã³ã¹ãã¼ã¨ããé¸æè¢ãããã®ã ãã¨ããæ§ãªãã¨ãç±ã£ã½ãèªããã¦ããä½ã®ãã¨ã ããã£ã±ãããããªãã ããããã¸ã£ãããã¨è¨ãã°ãã¸ã£ã¯ã½ã³ãããªãã¦ãªã³ã ã£ãæ代ã¾ã§é¡ãã¨ãã
ãããã£ã¯ã16ä¸ï¼-ãããæ¬åã¨ã¼ã¼ãã»ã©ããã£ã³ã¬ã¼ï¼ã¯èéæ³çã§ãããæ£ä½ã¯çµ¶å¤§ãªéåãæã¤ç ´å£ç¥ã¾ãã¯éç¥ãéæ²³å¸å½çå¸ã§ãããã·ã¹ã®æé»å¿ã§ããããä¸èª¬ã«ããã¨æªæ¥ã«ç½®ãã¦ç¬¬ä¸ã®æããå°ä¸ã®çå½ãã¹ã¦ãç¼ãå°½ããå¥çã§ã¯ãªããã¨ãè¨ããã¦ããã å¨ä½æéã¯ã2005å¹´4æ~2013å¹´2æã æ®æ®µã®å§¿ã§ããå ¨ã¦ãæ¦æ ãããç¨ã®éãç¼å ãæ¾ã¤ããçã®å§¿ã¯å®å®ã®æ¯é ãç®è«ãã§ããæãã¹ãéã®éçã§ãããä¸çä¸ã®ã ã¹ãªã ãæ¹æ®ºããäºã§æåãªãã¼ã¹ã»ãã¬ã¤ã¬ã¹ã®å¼åã§ããããã«ããã£ã¼ã³ããã¼ã¹ã»ã·ãã£ã¢ã¹ã¨è¨ãå½åã使ããå½¼ã¯å¤ãã®èéæ³çã¨ã¯éããããªã¹ãã®çã®æ義ã¯ã·ã¹ã®æé»é¢ã«ããã¨ä¸»å¼µãã¦ãããã¯ãªã¹ãã¹ã»ã¤ã´ãåæ§æãå®æ¥½æ»ãæ¹å¤ããçãå ç©ã®é¢ãè¦ããããåºç£æã«ããªãã¯ãã®ãã®ããããªã®ã ãã ä¸çåå°ã«æ¢æ©å¿ã¨ããé¨ä¸ãç¾æ°å人ãããã¾ããå½¼ã®ãã¡ã³ã¯ã©ãã¯ã«ããªãã¯æä¼
ç¾å声åªï¼ããããããï¼ã¨ã¯ããã£ããè¨ãã°ç¾åå¶æ¥ãè¡ã£ã¦ãããããã¯ãããçãã楽ãã¿ã¨ãã¦ãã女æ§å£°åªãã¡ã®ç·ç§°ã§ããã åºæ¬çã«ã¯åæ¥è å士ã®ä»²ã®è¯ããã¢ãã¼ã«ãããã¨ã§ãã¢ããªãç·éã®å¦æ³ãè¨ãã¾ãã声åªãæ å½ãããã£ã©ã§ã¯ãªãã声åªãã®ãã®ãèãã¾ãã¯æ§æ¬²ã®å¯¾è±¡ã¨ããå¶æ¥æ¹æ³ãã¨ã人ãã¡ãæãããããããªãã«ã¯æ¬å½ã«ç¾åã®å£°åªãããã®ã ãããªã¿ã¯éã«ã¨ã£ã¦ã¯ãããªã®ã¯èª°ãæ°ã«ããªãããªãã声ã®ãä»äºãããã°ããã ãã®å£°åªããããªå¶æ¥ã¾ã§ããªãããããªããã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯æ¤é²ã«ããåé¤ã 解説[ç·¨é] ï¼äººã®é¢ä¿[ç·¨é] ç¾åã¨ããããã«ã¯ç¸æãå¿ è¦ã§ãããããã¦ãã®ç¸æãèªåã®ã©ãããåå¨ã¨ä½ç½®ã¥ãããã«ãã£ã¦ããã¤ããã¿ã¼ã³ã«å¥ããã 親å å¹´é½¢ãè¿ãè å士ã§æ¯è¼çå¤ãã±ã¼ã¹ããããä¸çªä¸è¬çãªã±ã¼ã¹ã å§å¦¹ å¹´é½¢ãé¢ãã¦ããã¨ãã®ãã¿ã¼ã³ãåºæ¬çã«åºæ¼ä½åã®å»¶é·ç·ä¸ã§çºçããã
ããããï¼ã¿ã«ã¹ãã¼ã®ãã©ããã¯ã¹: çãé©å½ã«åå²ãã¦ãçµã¿æ¿ãããã¨ã§ãå ã¨åãçã2ã¤ä½ããã¨ãã§ããã ããããï¼ã¿ã«ã¹ãã¼ã®ãã©ããã¯ã¹ (Banach-Tarski paradox) ã¯ãçã3次å 空éå ã§ãæéåã®é¨åã«åå²ããããããå転ã»å¹³è¡ç§»åæä½ã®ã¿ã使ã£ã¦ãã¾ãçµã¿æ¿ãããã¨ã§ãå ã®çã¨åãåå¾ã®çã2ã¤ä½ããã¨ãã§ããã¨ããå®çï¼ãã ããåæçã¯é常ã®æå³ã§ä½ç©ãå®ç¾©ã§ããªãï¼ããã®æä½ãè¡ãããã«çãæä½5ã¤ã«åå²ããå¿ è¦ãããã ããããï¼ã¿ã«ã¹ãã¼ã®è¨¼æã§ã¯ããã¦ã¹ãã«ãã®ãã©ããã¯ã¹ãæ´ç¨ããããã®å¾ãå¤ãã®äººã«ãã証æã®æé©åãæ§ã ãªç©ºéã¸ã®æ¡å¼µãè¡ãããã çµæãç´è¦³ã«åãããã¨ãããå®çã§ãããããã©ããã¯ã¹ãã¨å¼ã°ããã証æã®1ç®æã§é¸æå ¬çã使ããããé¸æå ¬çã®ä¸åçæ§ãè«ããæèã§å¼ç¨ããããã¨ããããã¹ããã¡ã³ã»ãããï¼ããããï¼ã¨ã¢ã«ãã¬ã
第442é£éæ¦éå£[2][3][4][5]ï¼ã ã442ããããããã¨ãã ããè±: 442nd Regimental Combat Teamï¼ã¯ã第äºæ¬¡ä¸ç大æ¦ä¸ã®ã¢ã¡ãªã«é¸è»ãæããé£éæ¦éå£ã§ããã士å®ãªã©ãé¤ãã»ã¨ãã©ã®éå¡ãæ¥ç³»ã¢ã¡ãªã«äººã«ããæ§æããã¦ãããã¨ã¼ãããæ¦ç·ï¼è±èªçï¼ã«æå ¥ãããæ¢è»¸å½ç¸æã«åæ¦æ¢éãããã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡å½å²ä¸ãã£ã¨ãå¤ãã®å²ç« ãåããé¨éã¨ãã¦ãç¥ããã[6]ã 第äºæ¬¡ä¸ç大æ¦ä¸ãç´33,000人ã®æ¥ç³»äºä¸ãã¢ã¡ãªã«è»ã«å¾è»ãããã®ã»ã¨ãã©ã¯æ¬å£ã第100æ©å µå¤§éãã¢ã¡ãªã«é¸è»æ å ±é¨ã®3é¨éã®ããããã«é å±ãããã ããµã³ã¼ã«ã¹æ±åæ±ããã¤ã«ã»ãã¤ãï¼è±èªçï¼ã«ããã¨ãã¼ã°ãªã¼ã³å¢å°ï¼è±èªçï¼ã«ã¯ã442é£éãå«ãæ¥ç³»äºä¸å µã®å¢ç³ããªããã§ãããå¢å°ã®å¾æ¹æ£é¢ã«ç«ã¤å¤§ããªç½ã大çç³ã®å¡ã«ã¯å¤§ããæ¼¢åã§ãæ®å½ç¢ãããã®å³ä¸ã«ã¯åé£éãææ®ãããã¼ã¯ã»Wã»ã¯
ã©ã³ãã§ã¹ã¿ã¼ã®æ³åï¼ã©ã³ãã§ã¹ã¿ã¼ã®ã»ããããè±ï¼Lanchester's lawsï¼ã¯æ¦äºã«ãããæ¦éå¡ã®æ¸å°åº¦åããæ°çã¢ãã«ã«ãã¨ã¥ãã¦è¨è¿°ããæ³åãä¸æ¬¡æ³åã¨äºæ¬¡æ³åããããåè ã¯å£ãå¼ç¢ã§æ¦ãå¤å ¸çãªæ¦éã«é¢ããæ³åãå¾è ã¯å°éããã·ã³ã¬ã³ã¨ãã£ãå µå¨ãå©ç¨ããè¿ä»£æ¦ãè¨è¿°ããæ³åã§ããä½è¤84(p72-74)ã ãããã®æ³åã¯1914å¹´ã«ãã¬ããªãã¯ã»ã©ã³ãã§ã¹ã¿ã¼ãèªèº«ã®èä½L1916ã§çºè¡¨ãããã®ã§ãåèã§ã¯ãããã®æ³åãå ã«è¿ä»£æ¦ã«ããã空è»åã®éè¦æ§ã説ãã¦ããããã®è«æã¯ä»æ¥ã§ãããªãã¬ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãºã»ãªãµã¼ãã®åç¢ã¨ãªã£ãä½è¤84(p72-74)ã ã©ã³ãã§ã¹ã¿ã¼ã®æ³åã¯å®éã®æ¦äºã«ããã¦ã確èªããã¦ãããä¾ãã°J.H.ã¨ã³ã²ã«E1954ã¯äºæ¬¡æ³åã«å¾ã£ã¦ç¡«é»å³¶ã®æ¦ãã解æãããã¨ã«ãããããããªèª¤å·®ã§ãã®æ³åãæãç«ã¤ãã¨ã確èªãã¦ããä½è¤84(p184-185)ã
ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯åèæç®ãå¤é¨ãªã³ã¯ã®ä¸è¦§ãå«ã¾ãã¦ãã¾ãããè注ã«ããåç §ãä¸ååã§ãããããæ å ±æºãä¾ç¶ä¸æ確ã§ãã é©åãªä½ç½®ã«è注ã追å ãã¦ãè¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼2013å¹´2æï¼ ç³éµçæ»ååèçäºä»¶ï¼ããã¦ã¤ããããããã ãããããããï¼ã¯ãææ²»æ代åæã®ç³éçï¼ç³éµçãç¾å¨ã®æåªçï¼ã§çµæ±ã«ããæ»åå·è¡ããæ»ååãèçããäºä»¶ã§ãããå¥åããç°ä¸è¤ä½èçäºä»¶ãã¨ãããã 1871å¹´ï¼ææ²»5å¹´ï¼ãä¼äºæ¾å±±è©ã§ã¯ä¸å¤®ã§çºå¸ãããç¥ä»åé¢ä»¤ã®è§£éã«ãããç¥ä»ç¿åã®ç¥ ããæ·«ããªãã®ãã¨ãã¦å»çµ¶ããæ¿çãæã¡åºããããä½æ°ã¯å¼·ãåçºãããå®è¡ããç ´å´ããããããããè©ç¥äºã§ãã£ãæ¾å¹³åæãå è·ã¨ãªãä¸äº¬ãããã¨ã«ãªãã8æ15æ¥ã«ç¥ ã®ç ´å´å対ã¨è©ç¥äºå è·å対ãè¦æ±ããä¹ ä¸å±±ã»ä¹ ç±³é¨åãåçºããã ãã®é¨åã®é¦è¬è ã¯å±±ä¹å æã§ãä¹ ç±³é¡ãä¸å¿ã«3000人ãã®åå è ããã£ãããã®é¨
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2017å¹´9æ) åç´åããæ§ææ¨ ï¼PN = åºæåè©ãN = åè©ãV = åè©ãNP = åè©å¥ãRC = é¢ä¿è©ç¯ãVP = åè©å¥ãS = æï¼ ä¼çµ±çãªæã®ãã¤ã¢ã°ã©ã ã¢ã¡ãªã«ãã¤ã½ã³ï¼ãããã¡ãã¼ï¼ ãã¥ã¼ã¨ã¼ã¯å·ãããã¡ãã¼å¸ æ¦å¿µã解説ããæ¼«ç» "Buffalo buffalo Buffalo buffalo buffalo buffalo
ããã¼ãã»ã¡ã¤ãã«ã½ã¼ãã®åçéãMAPPLETHORPEãã¯ãã¡ã¤ãã«ã½ã¼ãã®æ»å¾ã1992å¹´ï¼å¹³æ4å¹´ï¼ã«ãã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡å½ã§åºçããããååã®åºç社社é·ã¯1994å¹´ï¼å¹³æ6å¹´ï¼ã«ãæ¥æ¬ã«ã¦æ¥æ¬èªçãåè¡ããã®å¾ã1999å¹´ï¼å¹³æ11å¹´ï¼ã«ããã®åçéãæåãã¦æ¸¡ç±³ããæ¥æ¬ã¸å¸°å½ããéã«æç°å½é空港ã®æ±äº¬ç¨é¢æç°ç¨é¢æ¯ç½²ã«ããã¦ãåçéã®ä¸ã«è¢«åä½ã®ç·æ§ãæ§å¨ãç´æ¥ãé²åºããç¶æ ã®åçãæ²è¼ããã¦ãããã¨ããããããã¤å³ç»ãã«å½ããã¨å¤æãããæ±äº¬ç¨é¢æç°æ¯ç½²é·ããé¢ç¨å®çæ³ã«ããè¼¸å ¥ç¦å¶å該å½éç¥ãåããã åºç社社é·ã¯ãæ¢ã«æ¥æ¬å½å ã§ã¢ã¶ã¤ã¯å¦çãå¡ãæ½°ãçã®å¦çãçµããã¨ç¡ããåè¡ããã¦ããåçéãããããã¤å³ç»ãã¨å¤æããæ±äº¬ç¨é¢æç°æ¯ç½²é·ã®å¯¾å¿ã¯ä¸å½ã§ããã¨ãã¦ãå¦åã®åãæ¶ãã¨å½å®¶è³ åãæ±ããæ¥æ¬å½æ¿åºåã³æ±äº¬ç¨é¢æç°æ¯ç½²é·[注é 1]ãæ訴ãããã«å¯¾ãã被åã®æ¥æ¬å½æ¿åºã¯ã
åæä¼ï¼ããã¤ããï¼ã¯ããå ¬æå ãåµä¾¡å¦ä¼ã«æ¹å¤çãªãèªç±æ°ä¸»å ãä¸å¿ã¨ããè°å¡ãä»ã®å®æå£ä½ãªã©ãè¨ç«ããå£ä½ã§ãããæ£å¼å称ãä¿¡æã¨ç²¾ç¥æ§ã®å°å³ã¨èªç±ã確ç«ããåçæ話ä¼ãï¼ãããããã¨ããããããã®ããããã¨ãããããããã¤ãããããããããããï¼ã®é称ã ç´°å·å é£ä¸ã®1994å¹´ï¼å¹³æ6å¹´ï¼ããã2001å¹´ï¼å¹³æ13å¹´ï¼ã¾ã§åå¨ããã1994å¹´ï¼å¹³æ6å¹´ï¼ãã1998å¹´ï¼å¹³æ10å¹´ï¼é ã¾ã§ãååµä¾¡å¦ä¼ãã£ã³ãã¼ã³ããå±éããã 1994å¹´ï¼å¹³æ6å¹´ï¼5æã«ãåæä¼ããçµæããããè¨ç«æ¯ä½ã¯èªæ°å å ã®åå¼·ä¼ã®ãæ²æ³20æ¡ãèããä¼ãã§ããã 1994å¹´ï¼å¹³æ6å¹´ï¼6æ23æ¥ã®ãåæä¼ãã®è¨ç«ç·ä¼ã«ã¯ãå½æã¯éå ã§ãã£ãèªæ°å ã®æ²³éæ´å¹³ç·è£ã»ç¤¾ä¼å ï¼å¾ã®ç¤¾æ°å ï¼ã®æå±±å¯å¸å§å¡é·ã»æ°å ããããã®æ¦ææ£ç¾©ä»£è¡¨ã®3人ãåºå¸ãæ©èª¿ãåãããã1994å¹´ï¼å¹³æ6å¹´ï¼6æ30æ¥ã«èªæ°å ã¨ç¤¾ä¼å ï¼å¾ã®
äºä»¶ã®èæ¯ ãã®äºä»¶ã§ã¯ã大éªç£æ¥å¤§å¦é«çå¦æ ¡ï¼å½æãç¾å¤§éªç£æ¥å¤§å¦éå±ä¸å¦æ ¡ã»é«çå¦æ ¡ï¼ã«éã£ã¦ããäºäººã®ããã被害è ãã殺人äºä»¶ã®å 害è ã¨ãªã£ããå½¼ãã¯è¢«å®³è ããªã¼ãã¼ã«ãªã£ã¦ããã°ã«ã¼ãã®ä¸å¡ã§ãã£ããã ãã被害è ãæéé¨ã6æä¸æ¬ã«éé¨ããå¾7æããããããå§ã¾ã£ããã®ã¡ã«äºä»¶ã®å 害è ã¨ãªã£ãçå¾ãã¯ãããã被害ãæ°äººã®æ師ã«ç¸è«ããããæ師ããã¯åãåãããªãã£ããå½¼ãã¯ä¼ã¿æéãæ¼ä¼ã¿ã«æ師ã®ç®ã®å±ããªãæã§ãã°ãã°æ®´ããã¦ããã ã¾ããææ¥ä¸ã»æ¼ä¼ã¿æéä¸ã»æ¾èª²å¾ã«ã¯äººåã§å¼·å¶çã«èªæ °ãå¼·è¦ããå¿ããªãå ´åã¯æ®´ãã¤ããããã«ã5åã¾ãããããã·ã³ãã«ãæã£ã¦ããããªã©ã¨è¨ããå«ã èªæ °ããã2人ãè¦ã¦ã¯ç¬ã£ã¦ãããåç°ç§æ¨¹ã¯ãã¹ã¿ã¼ãã¼ã·ã§ã³è¡çºãæããä¸ã§ãæ¥ã®ä½é¨ã®èªå·±ææ¤æãããã£ãã®ã§ã¯ãªããã¨è§£éãã¦ãã[1]ãããã«ãããã被害è ã®ä¸äººã¯é¡ããã«ãã§æ®´ããç¡çã«ä¼ã¾
é«ä¿¡é ¼æ§ä»£æ¿æ ¸å¼¾é ï¼ããããããããã ãããããã ãã¨ããè±: Reliable Replacement WarheadãRRWï¼ã¯ãã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡å½ãéçºãé²ãã¦ããæ ¸å¼¾é ãåç´ã§ãä¿¡é ¼æ§ãé«ããé·æ使ç¨ãå¯è½ã§ãã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ã容æãªæ¬¡ä¸ä»£æ ¸å µå¨ã®éçºèª¿éè¨ç»ã§ããã å·æ¦ã®çµçµã«ããã1990年代åãã«ã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡å½ã¯æ ¸å¼¾é ã®æ°è¦éçºã»çç£ãä¸æ¢ãããå·æ¦æ代ã«éçºãããæ ¸å¼¾é ã¯ãæ°åæ ¸å¼¾é ã次ã ã¨éçºããããã¨ããããã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯åªå 度ãé«ããªãã£ããå°åã»é«æ§è½æ ¸å¼¾é ã«ããã¦ã¯ãé·æçã«ã¯å¤è³ªããç©è³ªï¼PBX 9404ãLX-09çè¬ï¼ãªã©ãç¨ãã¦ããã±ã¼ã¹ããããé·æä¿ç®¡ã¯å®å ¨æ§ã»ä¿¡é ¼æ§ãä½ä¸ããã¦ããããã®ã»ãããã«ããã¦ã èªèº«ã«ãé·æä¿ç®¡ã«ä¼´ããã²ã³å²ãã強度ä½ä¸ã®æ¸å¿µããããä¸æ§ååå°æã¨ãã¦ç¨ããããé ¸åããªãªã¦ã ã¯ææ¯ã§ãã¡ã³ããã³ã¹ãå°é£ã«ãããã®ã§ãã£ãã
ãé»ç¦ãï¼ç¬: gelbe Gefahrï¼ãä¸çã«ç¥ããããå¯æç»"ã¨ã¼ãããã®è«¸å½æ°ãã諸åãã®æãç¥èãªå®ãå®ãï¼ãã¤ãèªçï¼"ããã¤ãçå¸ã´ã£ã«ãã«ã 2ä¸ã®å³æ¡ããã¨ã«ãæ´å²ç»å®¶ãã«ãã³ã»ã¯ããã¯ãã¼ã¹ï¼ãã¤ãèªçãè±èªçï¼ãæãããã®çµµã¯ãå½æã®ã¨ã¼ãããã®æ¥æ¬ãä¸å½ï¼æ¸ æï¼ã«å¯¾ããè¦æå¿ã端çã«è¡¨ããã¤ã©ã¹ãã§ãããå³æã®ç°åã§çãçãçã®ä¸ã«ä»éããããå·¦æã®ååæ¶ãé ä¸ã«è¼ãé«å°ã«ã¯ãããªã¿ãã¢ï¼ã¤ã®ãªã¹ï¼ãã²ã«ããã¢ï¼ãã¤ãï¼ãããªã¢ã³ãï¼ãã©ã³ã¹ï¼ãªã©ã¨ã¼ããã諸å½ãæ¬äººåãã女ç¥ãã¡ã®åã§ããªã¹ãæã®å¤§å¤©ä½¿ãã«ã¨ã«ãæ¦ããå¼ã³æãã¦ããã é»ç¦è«ï¼ããããããããããã[1][2]ãç¬: Gelbe Gefahrãè±èª: Yellow Perilï¼ã¨ã¯ã19ä¸ç´å¾åãã20ä¸ç´ååã«ããã¦ã¨ã¼ãããã»åã¢ã¡ãªã«ã»ãªã¼ã¹ãã©ãªã¢ãªã©ã®æ¬§ç±³å½å®¶ã«ããã¦ç¾ãããæ¥æ¬äººè å¨è«ã
ãã®è¨äºã«ã¯è¤æ°ã®åé¡ãããã¾ããæ¹åããã¼ããã¼ã¸ã§ã®è°è«ã«ãååãã ããã åºå ¸ãã¾ã£ãã示ããã¦ããªããä¸ååã§ããå 容ã«é¢ããæç®ãæ å ±æºãå¿ è¦ã§ããï¼2022å¹´12æï¼ ç¬èªç 究ãå«ã¾ãã¦ããããããããã¾ããï¼2024å¹´11æï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "å½æ¸" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL å½æ¸ï¼ããããè±: impostureï¼ã¨ã¯ããã§ã«æ» ãã§ä¼åããªãä½åããããã¯å ã åå¨ãã¦ããªãä½åãåæ¬ã®ããã«å 容ãå½ã£ã¦ä½æããæ¬ã®ãã¨ããä»®è¨æ¸ãï¼ããããããããããããï¼ã¨ããããããã«å¯¾ãã¦ãåæ¬ã奥æ¸ãªã©ãå½é ããããèµæ¸å°è¨ãå½é ãã¦æºå°ããããã¦ãå¤æ¸ã¨ãã¦ã®ä¾¡å¤ãé«ãããã¨ãããã®ã¯åºå¥ãããå½é æ¸ããå½æ¬ããè´æ¬ãï¼ããã½ãï¼ã¨å¼ã°ãã[1][2]ã
第ä¸æ¬¡ãã©ãçªå¤æ¾åºäºä»¶ã®ç¾å ´ã¨ãªã£ãå½æã®ãã©ãå¸åºèï¼2014å¹´æ®å½±ï¼ ãã©ãçªå¤æ¾åºäºä»¶[1][2][3]ï¼ãã©ãããããã»ããã ã¤ãããããã§ã³èª: Pražská defenestraceããã§ã³èªçºé³: [ËpraÊskaË ËdÉfÉnestratÍ¡sÉ]ããã¤ãèª: Prager Fenstersturzãè±èª: Defenestrations of Pragueï¼ã¯ã1419å¹´ã¨1618å¹´ã«èµ·ãã£ããããã¢çå½ï¼ç¾ãã§ã³ï¼ã®ç¥èãã¼ãå¸å½ã«å¯¾ããåæãåè ã¯ãã¹æ¦äºã®å¥æ©ãå¾è ã¯ä¸åå¹´æ¦äºã®å¥æ©ã¨ãã¦ç¥ãããä¸æ¹ããã§ã³ã«ãããæ°æéåã¨ãè©ä¾¡ããããã¾ããèæ¯ãç°ãªãã1948å¹´ã«çºçããäºä»¶ã¯ããã§ã³ã»ã¹ãããã¢ã®å ±ç£ä¸»ç¾©åã決å®ã¥ããããããããã¦ã第ä¸æ¬¡ãã¨ãã¦ã«ã¦ã³ããããã¨ãããããã©ãçªå¤æ¾æ²äºä»¶ï¼ãã©ãããããã»ãã¦ããããï¼ã¨ããã[4][5]ã 第ä¸æ¬¡
ã¹ãã²ããã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¹ã¿ã¼æã®ã·ã³ãã«ãã¼ã¯ï¼ã¤ã¯ãã¥ã¹ã®ãããã£ãä¸ã«ãFSMãã®æåãå ¥ãã¦è¡¨è¨ããããã¨ãå¤ããï¼ ã¯ã·ã³ãã³ã®å¤è³ç¥ã§ç©ºé£ã¶ã¹ãã²ããã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¹ã¿ã¼åã¨å ±ã«ãã¬ã¼ããã人ã 空é£ã¶ã¹ãã²ããã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¹ã¿ã¼æï¼ããã¨ã¶ã¹ãã²ããã£ã»ã¢ã³ã¹ã¿ã¼ããããè±èª: Flying Spaghetti Monster, Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster, Pastafarianismï¼ã¯ãããã¼ã»ãã³ãã¼ã½ã³ãããã¤ã³ããªã¸ã§ã³ãã»ãã¶ã¤ã³èª¬ï¼ID説ï¼ããå ¬æè²ã«æã¡è¾¼ããã¨ãè«·åºãæ¹å¤ããããã«åµå§ãããããã£å®æï¼è±èªçï¼ãªããæ°å®æã§ããã ä¿¡è ã¯ãã¹ã¿ãã¡ãªã¢ã³ï¼Pastafarianï¼ã¨å¼ã°ãã[3]ãç¥ç§°ã¨ãã¦ã¯æ¥æ¬èªã§ã¯ãã¹ãã¢ã³æãããã®ä¿¡è ã¯ãã¹ãã¢ã³æå¾ããè±èªåã§ã¯ãFSMãã¨ãªãã
ãã®è¨èèªä½ã¯1808å¹´ã®ãã¨ã¼ã«ï¼ãã«ã¯ï¼ã¬ã¹ãã³ã»ãã»ã¬ã´ã£ã®è¨è¿°ãnoblesse obligeã[2]ãçºç«¯ã¨ãã1836å¹´ã®ãªãã¬ã»ãã»ãã«ã¶ãã¯ãè°·éã®ç¾åãã«ã¦ãããå¼ç¨ãã[3]ãã¨ã§åºãç¥ã渡ããã¨ã«ãªãã è±èªã§ã¯ããã¡ãã¼ã»ã±ã³ãã«ãã1837å¹´ã®æç´[4]ã«ãâ¦â¦ç¢ºãã«ããè²´æã義åãè² ãï¼noblesse obligeï¼ãã®ãªãã°ãçæã¯ï¼ããã«æ¯ãã¦ï¼ããå¤ãã®ç¾©åãè² ããã°ãªããªãããã¨æ¸ããã®ãæåã§ãã[5]ã æè¿ã§ã¯ã主ã«å¯è£å±¤ãæå人ã権åè ãé«å¦æ´è ãã社ä¼ã®æ¨¡ç¯ã¨ãªãããã«æ¯ãèãã¹ãã ãã¨ãã社ä¼ç責任ã«é¢ãã¦ç¨ããããã ãããã¬ã¹ã»ãªããªã¼ã¸ã¥ãã®æ ¸å¿ã¯ãè²´æã«èªçºçãªç¡ç§ã®è¡åãä¿ãææåãããªãä¸æå¾ã®ç¤¾ä¼å¿çã§ãããããã¯åºæ¬çã«ã¯ãå¿ççãªèªè² ã»èªå°ã§ãããããããå¤å½¢çãªç¾©åã¨ãã¦åãæ¢ããã¨ã社ä¼çï¼ããã¦ããããæ³çãªï¼å§åã§
ãã®è¨äºã¯æ¤è¨¼å¯è½ãªåèæç®ãåºå ¸ãå ¨ã示ããã¦ããªãããä¸ååã§ãã åºå ¸ã追å ãã¦è¨äºã®ä¿¡é ¼æ§åä¸ã«ãååãã ãããï¼ãã®ãã³ãã¬ã¼ãã®ä½¿ãæ¹ï¼ åºå ¸æ¤ç´¢?: "ç·©è¡å½" â ãã¥ã¼ã¹Â · æ¸ç±Â · ã¹ã«ã©ã¼Â · CiNii · J-STAGE · NDL · dlib.jp · ã¸ã£ãã³ãµã¼ã · TWL (2018å¹´10æ) ã¢ãã¬ãã¹ã¿ã³ - ã¤ã®ãªã¹å¸å½ã¨ãã·ã¢å¸å½ ã¢ã«ã¡ãã¢çå½ - ãã¼ãå¸å½ã¨ãã«ã·ã¢å¸å½ ã¤ã¿ãªã¢ - ãªã¼ã¹ããªã¢ã¨ãã©ã³ã¹ ãªã¼ã¹ããªã¢-西å´è«¸å½ã¨æ±å´è«¸å½(å·æ¦æ) ã«ãã - ã¢ã¡ãªã«åè¡å½æ¬åã¨ã½ãã¨ãé£é¦ï¼å·æ¦æãå極海ãæãã§ï¼ ã¿ã¤çå½ - ã¤ã®ãªã¹é ã¤ã³ãå¸å½ãã¤ã®ãªã¹é ãã©ã¤ã¨ãã©ã³ã¹é ã¤ã³ãã·ãï¼19ä¸ç´-20ä¸ç´ååï¼ ãã«ãä¸å½ - ãã¤ãã¨ã½ãã¨ãé£é¦ï¼æ¦éæï¼ ãã³ã¬ãªã¼çå½ - ãªã¼ã¹ããªã¢ã¨ãªã¹ãã³å¸å½ ãã£ã³ã©ã³ã - ã¹
è±èªçè¨äºãæ¥æ¬èªã¸æ©æ¢°ç¿»è¨³ãããã¼ã¸ã§ã³ï¼Google翻訳ï¼ã ä¸ãä¸ç¿»è¨³ã®æãããã¨ãã¦æ©æ¢°ç¿»è¨³ãç¨ããå ´åã翻訳è ã¯å¿ ã翻訳å åæãåç §ãã¦æ©æ¢°ç¿»è¨³ã®èª¤ããè¨æ£ããæ£ç¢ºãªç¿»è¨³ã«ããªããã°ãªãã¾ããããããæããã¦ããªãå ´åãè¨äºã¯åé¤ã®æ¹éG-3ã«åºã¥ããåé¤ãããå¯è½æ§ãããã¾ãã ä¿¡é ¼æ§ãä½ãã¾ãã¯ä½å質ãªæç« ã翻訳ããªãã§ãã ãããããå¯è½ãªãã°ãæç« ãä»è¨èªçè¨äºã«ç¤ºãããæç®ã§æ£ãããã©ããã確èªãã¦ãã ããã å±¥æ´ç¶æ¿ãè¡ããããè¦ç´æ¬ã«ç¿»è¨³å ã¨ãªã£ãè¨äºã®ãã¼ã¸åã»çã«ã¤ãã¦è¨è¿°ããå¿ è¦ãããã¾ããè¨è¿°æ¹æ³ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãWikipedia:翻訳ã®ã¬ã¤ãã©ã¤ã³#è¦ç´æ¬ã¸ã®è¨å ¥ãåç §ãã ããã 翻訳å¾ã{{翻訳åç¥|en|Buzzword|â¦}}ããã¼ãã«è¿½å ãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãã Wikipedia:翻訳ã®ã¬ã¤ãã©ã¤ã³ã«ããã詳細ãªç¿»è¨³ã®æé ã»æéã«ã¤ãã¦ã®èª¬æãããã¾ãã
ããã³ãã¿ã¤ã¤ä¸é¨ã«ã¨ã³ã¸ã³ãåããã´ã§ãã»ã½ã¬ãã¯ã¹ 1912年製é ã®ãã°ã©ã¹ç¤¾è£½ãªã¼ããã¤ã«ã¯ãããã«ã¨é£åãããã§ã¼ã³ãã©ã¤ãã¨ååæ©ã確èªã§ããã ã¢ããã (moped) ã¯ããã«ãä»ãããªã¼ããã¤ã®æ¥æ¬ã§ã®ç·ç§°ã§ããã ã¨ã³ã¸ã³ãé»åæ©ï¼é»æ°ã¢ã¼ã¿ã¼ï¼ãªã©ã®ååæ©ã ãã§èµ°è¡ãããã¨ããããã«ãæ¼ãã§äººåã ãã§èµ°è¡ãããã¨ãå¯è½ãªè»ä¸¡ãæããMotorï¼ã¢ã¼ã¿ã¼ãååæ©ï¼ã¨ Pedalï¼ããã«ï¼ã®ãã°ãèªãèªæºãå¹´é è ãä¸å¿ã«ããã¿ãã¿ãããã±ãã±ãã¨å¼ã°ããå ´åãããããä¸è¬çã«ã¯ã¢ãããã¨ããå¼ã³æ¹ãå®çãã¦ãã[1][2]ãæ¬é ã§ã¯ãã¢ããããã«çµ±ä¸ããåååãå¼ç¨ã§å¿ è¦ãªå ´åã®ã¿ãã®è¡¨è¨ã¨ããã ã¢ãããã¯æ¬æ¥ããååæ©/çºåæ©ãä»ããèªè»¢è»ããããã¯ãããã«ã§æ¼ãããªã¼ããã¤ãã®ãã¨ã§ããããç¾å¨ã¯ããã«ã®æç¡ã«ãããããå°ææ°éã®ãªã¼ããã¤å ¨è¬ãã¢ãããã¨å¼ã°ãã¦ãã
4åæ©ããã¯ãã³ï¼ãããããµããã¯ãã³ï¼[1]ã¯å°æ£ã®æ¦æ³ã®ã²ã¨ã¤ãå¾æãç¨ããå¥è¥²æ¦æ³ã§ãããå æã®åæâ²7å æ©ã«å¯¾ãã¦ãâ³4åæ©ï¼ç¬¬1å³ï¼ã¨ããæ¦æ³ãããããã®æ©ã¯ç¡æ¡ä»¶ã«åããããã«è¦ããããåã£ã¦ãã¾ãã¨é常ã«æ¿ããæ¦ãã«çªå ¥ããåæ¹ã¨ãæ²¹æããã¨ä¸æ°ã«æå¢ã«é¥ãå±é¢ã¨ãªãã å°æ£ã®å ¥éæ¸ã«ã¨ãã©ãç´¹ä»ããããå¤åãè±å¯ã§ãããæé ä¸ã«æ°ä»ãã«ãã好æããããããç 究ãã¦ããªãç¸æã«ã¯å¥è¥²ãæåããå ¬ç®ã大ãããå æã¨ãã¦ã¯ãæçºã«ä¹ããã«â²4å æ©ã¾ãã¯â²2å æ©ã¨ããã°ãæ®éã®é§çµã¿ãäºæ³ãããããããã®æè¦ã§ã¯â²4ååè§ã¨åã£ã¦å æãæå©ã§ãã[2]ã 第1å³ä»¥ä¸ãâ²4ååè§ã¨ããã°ãâ³4äºé£â²5ä¸è§æã¾ã§ã¯å¿ ç¶ã§ãããããã§ãåã«â³4ä¸é£æã¨ããã®ã¯ãâ²6ä¸é¦¬ï¼æ¡åãï¼â³7äºéâ²3å 馬ã§å±é¢ããããã¦ãã¾ãã°ãæ©å¾ã§å æãæãããããªããããã§ãâ³4ä¸é£æã«ä»£ãã¦â³3åæ©ãçã
ãºã¼ãã³ã°ã¦ã¼ã¶ã¤ã³ã¿ãã§ã¼ã¹ï¼è±: zooming user interfaceãZUIï¼ã¯ãã¦ã¼ã¶ã¼ã詳細ãè¦ããå ¨ä½ãæ¦è¦³ããããã«è¡¨ç¤ºé åãæ¡å¤§ç¸®å°ã§ããã°ã©ãã£ã«ã«ç°å¢ã§ãããã°ã©ãã£ã«ã«ã¦ã¼ã¶ã¤ã³ã¿ãã§ã¼ã¹ï¼GUIï¼ã®ä¸ç¨®ã§ãããæ å ±è¦ç´ ã¯ç´æ¥ãç¡éãªåºããæã¤ä»®æ³ãã¹ã¯ãããã«é ç½®ããï¼é常ããã¯ã¿ã¼ã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã使ãï¼ãã¦ã£ã³ãã¦ã¯ä½¿ããªããã¦ã¼ã¶ã¼ã¯ä»®æ³ç»é¢ãä¸ä¸å·¦å³ã«ç§»åãããããèå³ãæã£ããªãã¸ã§ã¯ãã«ãºã¼ã ãããã§ãããä¾ãã°ãããã¹ããªãã¸ã§ã¯ãã«ãºã¼ã ãã¦ããã¨ãæåã¯å°ããªç¹ã ã£ããã®ãããã¹ããã¼ã¸ã®ãµã ãã¤ã«ã«ãªããããã«ãã¼ã¸ããã«ãµã¤ãºã§è¡¨ç¤ºããæçµçã«ãã¼ã¸ã®ä¸é¨ãæ¡å¤§è¡¨ç¤ºããã ä¸é¨ã®å°é家ã¯ããºã¼ãã³ã°ã¦ã¼ã¶ã¤ã³ã¿ãã§ã¼ã¹ãã¦ã£ã³ãã¦ã使ã£ãã°ã©ãã£ã«ã«ã¦ã¼ã¶ã¤ã³ã¿ãã§ã¼ã¹ã®å¾ç¶ã¨ãªããã©ãã¤ã ã ã¨èãã¦ããããããããã¾ã§[ãã¤?]ã®ã¨ããããºã¼
ç®é ãã¨æé 女æ§ãããã¹ãã³ããè£ çãã¦ç·æ§ã«ã¢ãã«ã»ãã¯ã¹ãè¡ãï¼Peggingï¼ é¡é¢é¨ä¹ è²æ帯 ããã¹ã±ã¼ã¸ ãã§ã ãã ãã¼ã«ãã¬ã¤ ãã¼ããã¼å士ãèªæç¯ã¨è¢«å®³è ãªã©ãäºãã«å½¹æã決ãã¦è¡ããåç®ããè¦ãã°å®éã«ç¯ç½ªãè¡ã£ã¦ããã¨ééãããå ´åãå¤ãã ã¨ã¤ã¸ãã¬ã¤ æ¥æ¬ã§ã¯å¹¼å ãã¬ã¤ãä¸è¬çã§ããããç¶ã¨å¨ãæ¯ã¨æ¯åãªã©å¹´é½¢å·®ã®ããå½¹å²ã¨ãã¦è¡ããã¼ã«ãã¬ã¤ã ãã¥ã¼ãã³ã»ã¢ããã«ã»ãã¼ã«ãã¬ã¤ ãã¼ããã¼ã人éã§ã¯ãªãåç©ã¨ãã¦æ±ãããã³ãã¤ããã¦ãï¼ããã¼ã¬ã¼ã«ï¼ãªã©ã欧米ã§ã¯äººæ°ãããã ãªã¼ã¯ã·ã§ã³ãã¬ã¤ æ¬ä¼¼çãªäººèº«å£²è²·ã®ååã¨ãããã¬ã¤ã ãã§ã ãã éã¬ã¤ããã¬ã¤ 女ãç·ã襲ãã é¡é¢é¨ä¹ãã¬ã¤ ç·å´ããåã身ãã«ãªãã å°ç²¾ç®¡ç ç·æ§ç¨è²æ帯ã¾ãã¯ããã¹ã±ã¼ã¸ãç¨ãã¦ç·ã®å°ç²¾ã管çããã ã³ãã¯ã»ã¢ã³ãã»ãã¼ã«ã»ãã¼ãã£ã¼ï¼Cock And Ball Tor
ããã¼ãã®ä¿¡å¾ã¸ã®æç´ãï¼ãã¼ãã®ããã¨ã¸ã®ã¦ãã¿ï¼ã¯ããæ°ç´èæ¸ãä¸ã®ä¸æ¸ã§ã使å¾ãã¦ãã®æã«ããã¨ãããæ¸ç°¡ãããã¼ã人ã¸ã®æç´ããããã¼ãæ¸ãï¼ãããæ¸ãï¼ãªã©ã¨ãå¼ã°ãããæ¬æ¸ã¯ãã¦ãæ¬äººã«ãã£ã¦æ¸ããããã®ã§ããã¨ã¿ãªããã¦ããä¸ã¤ã®æç´ã®ä¸ã¤ã§ããã 19ä¸ç´ãã¤ãã®ãã¥ã¼ãã³ã²ã³å¦æ´¾ã代表ããå¦è ã§ããã¦ãæ¸ç°¡ã®å¤ããæ¬äººã®ãã®ã§ãªãã¨èãã¦ãããã§ã«ãã£ãã³ãã»ã¯ãªã¹ãã£ã¢ã³ã»ãã¦ã¢ã§ãããã¦ãã®ãã®ã¨èªãã¦ããã æ¬æ¸ã¯ã³ãªã³ãã¹ãããã¯æ¬æ¸ã®çè¨è ãã«ãã£ãªãããã±ã³ã¯ã¬ã¢ã¤ï¼ã¨ã¼ã²æµ·ã«é¢ããã³ãªã³ãã¹è³è¿ã®æ¸¯ï¼ã«ããã¦æ¸ãããã¨æããããã±ã³ã¯ã¬ã¤ã¢ã¤ã®ãã§ãããã¼ãã«éããã³ãªã³ãã¹ã®ã¬ã¤ãªãå·çä¸ã«åãã«ããã¨ãã[1]ãããã«ã³ãªã³ãã®è¡ã®ä¼è¨ä¿ãã¨ã©ã¹ããã¤ã¨ãã¦ããã¨ãã[2]ã æ¸ç°¡ä¸ã«ã¯å·çææãããããããè¨è¿°ã¯ãªããããããããã¦ããã¨ã«ãµã¬ã æä¼ã®
ãã«ã³ã¸å ±åå½ï¼-ããããããï¼ã¯ãä¸é¨ã¢ããªã«ã®å é¸ã«ä½ç½®ããå°ããªå½ãã«ã¯ã³ããã³ã³ã´æ°ä¸»å ±åå½ãã¿ã³ã¶ãã¢ã¨å½å¢ãæ¥ãã¦ããã å¤æ°æ´¾ã®ããæã¨å°æ°æ´¾ã®ããæã®éã§å¯¾ç«ãããã1962å¹´ã®ç¬ç«ä»¥éãã³ãã³è¡çªãã1993å¹´ã«ã¯å æ¦ã«ã¾ã§çºå±ãã¦ããã å½å æ£å¼å称ã¯ã«ã³ãã£èªã§ãRepublika y'Uburundiããã©ã³ã¹èªã§ãRépublique du Burundiã å ¬å¼ã®è±èªè¡¨è¨ã¯ãRepublic of Burundiï¼ãªãããªãã¯ã»ãªãã»ãã«ã³ãã£ï¼ãé称ãBurundiã æ¥æ¬èªã®è¡¨è¨ã¯ããã«ã³ã¸å ±åå½ãé称ããã«ã³ã¸ã æ´å² 1884å¹´ããã¤ãã®æ¤æ°å°ï¼ãã¤ãé æ±ã¢ããªã«ããã¤ãæ¤æ°å°å¸å½ï¼ã®ä¸é¨ã«ãªãã1918å¹´ãé£å½ã«ã¯ã³ãã¨ã¨ãã«ãã«ã®ã¼é ã«ãªãã1962å¹´ã«ãã«ã³ã¸çå½ã¨ãã¦ãã«ã®ã¼ããç¬ç«ã66å¹´ã«çå¶ãå»æ¢ããããã·ã§ã«ã»ãã³ã³ããããªã¼ãã¼ã¨ãã
ã¢ã·ã³ã»ãã¬ã³M1891/30ï¼ãã·ã¢èªï¼ÐинÑовка обÑазÑа 1891/30-го года, винÑовка ÐоÑина ï¼Vintovka Mosinaï¼ï¼ã¯ã½ãã¨ãé£é¦ï¼ä»¥ä¸ãã½é£ãã¨è¡¨è¨ï¼ã§éçºããããã«ãã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³æ¹å¼ã®å°éããã·ã¢å¸å½æ代ã«éçºãããã¢ã·ã³ã»ãã¬ã³M1891ã®æ¹è¯åã§ããã第äºæ¬¡ä¸ç大æ¦ä¸ã«ãã½é£èµ¤è»ã®ä¸»åå°éã¨ãã¦æ´»èºããçæéã¨ãã¦ã使ç¨ãããã M1891/30ããæ´¾çããé¨å µéåã®M1938ã¨ããã®æ¹è¯åã§ããM1944ããã®ä»ã®ããªã¨ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã«ã¤ãã¦ãè¿°ã¹ãã 1930年代以åã¾ã§ã®ã½é£èµ¤è»ã®ä¸»åå°éã¯ããã·ã¢å¸å½æ代ãã製é ããã¦ããã¢ã·ã³ã»ãã¬ã³M1891ã§ãã£ãã ãã®å°éã¯å¸æ¿ãã·ã¢æ代ã®ã»ã«ã²ã¤ã»ã¢ã·ã³å¤§ä½ã¨ãã«ã®ã¼äººã®ã¨ãã¼ã«ã»ãã¬ã³ãã¬ãªã³ã»ãã¬ã³å å¼ã«ãã£ã¦éçºããããã«ãã¢ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã©ã¤ãã«ã§ã1891å¹´ã«å¸æ¿ãã·ã¢è»
ã·ã¥ã¯ã«ãã·ã«ãåå¾ï¼ã·ã¥ã¯ã«ãã·ã«ãã¯ããããè±èª: Schwarzschild radiusï¼ã¨ã¯ããã¤ãã®å¤©æå¦è ãã«ã¼ã«ã»ã·ã¥ã´ã¡ã«ãã·ã«ããã¢ã¤ã³ã·ã¥ã¿ã¤ã³æ¹ç¨å¼ããå°åºãããã·ã¥ã¯ã«ãã·ã«ã解ãç¹å¾´ã¥ããåå¾ã§ãããã·ã¥ã´ã¡ã«ãã·ã«ãåå¾ãã·ã¥ãã«ãã·ã«ãåå¾ã¨ã表è¨ãããã 1916å¹´ãã«ã¼ã«ã»ã·ã¥ã´ã¡ã«ãã·ã«ãã¯ã¢ã¤ã³ã·ã¥ã¿ã¤ã³ã®éåå ´æ¹ç¨å¼ã®è§£ãæ±ããé常ã«å°ããéãæããã£ãã¨ããã¨ããã®æã®ä¸å¿ããã®ããåå¾ã®çé¢å ã§ã¯æ²çãç¡é大ã«ãªãï¼ä¸è¨ã«ããããã«ãç¾å¨ã¯ãã®èãã¯èª¤ãã¨ããã¦ããï¼ãå ãè±åºã§ããªããªãã»ã©æ²ãã£ãæ空é åãåºç¾ãããã¨ã«æ°ã¥ããããã®åå¾ãã·ã¥ã¯ã«ãã·ã«ãåå¾ (è±èª: Schwarzschild radius) ã¾ãã¯éååå¾ã¨å¼ã³ãã·ã¥ã¯ã«ãã·ã«ãåå¾ãããå°ãããµã¤ãºã«å縮ãã天ä½ã¯ãã©ãã¯ãã¼ã«ã¨å¼ã°ããã 天ä½ã®è³ªéã Mãå é度
Brands of the World is the largest free library of downloadable vector logos, and a logo critique community. Search and download vector logos in AI, EPS, PDF, SVG, and CDR formats. If you have a logo that is not yet present in the library, we urge you to upload it. Thank you for your participation. Brands of the World has the world's largest collection of freely downloadable vector logos. Upload l
Corporate Logo Mashup.Visual puns originally published as square faceplates for this blog. March 2006. Update: There's a new batch of logos here. Don't miss them! Author's commentary This post has spread across the Web like wildfire. This was totally unexpected, since the drawings were already posted two years ago and I simply republished them by a friend's request. However, the post was discovere
TM-R ããå©ç¨ã®ã¿ãªãã㸠ç¾å¨ããã¼ã¿ãã¼ã¹ã¸ã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãã§ããªãç¶æ ãç¶ãã¦ãããã§ããç¶æ³ã確èªãã¦ãã¾ããã復æ§ã®äºå®ã¯æªå®ã§ãã 5æ1æ¥ 21:00 / @august5_yosuke
-- What's New ---------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------------------ ãã®ãµã¤ãã¯ããªã³ã¯ããªã¼ã§ãã 管ç人ï¼Konti Copyright (c) 2004- TSG. All rights reser - ãLINKsã -
ç©èç½æ¶ä»£æºæ §æå¡åï¼æåå®æç©èç½âäº+端âå è¿çææ´åï¼ä¸ºå ¬ç¨äºä¸ãæºæ §åå¸ãæºè½å¶é ã交éç©æµã车èç½ãæºè½å®¶å± çé¢åæä¾å ¨æ¹ä½ãä¸æ½åç©èç½è§£å³æ¹æ¡ã
â»ç¯å²ã®å¾ãã®æ°åã¯ãæ±ããç¯å²ããä¸ã¤å¤§ããæ°åãå ¥åãã¦ãã ããã â»ä¾ãã°ã 1ãã10ã®ç¯å²ãæ±ããå ´åã¯ã1ï½11ã¨ãã¾ãã â»æ°åã¯åè§ã§å ¥åãã¦ãã ããã
Free PowerPoint templates to create outstanding presentations! Design elegant presentations with our free slides for Microsoft PowerPoint and Google Slides. Achieve the perfect design, every time with our exclusive templates, infographics, icons, charts, and diagrams. Charts and diagrams Present your facts and figures effectively with our free charts and diagrams for PowerPoint and Google slides.
é²é³ããªãããã©ãã©ãã¦ã¾ã ãã¤ãã¼ã©ã«é²é³ã¨ããã®ã¯ããã¼ããããã¤ã¤ãã³åã®ãã¤ã¯ã§é²é³ããäºã§ããè¨å ´æã®ããé³ãé²é³ã§ãã¾ãã 使ç¨ãã¦ãããã®: MD/Sony MZ-R50 Mic/SP-TFB-2 ãªã¯ã¨ã¹ããããã°ã³ã¡ã³ãæ¬ã«ã©ãã (å®éã¯åããªãããããã¾ããããï¼
ãµã¼ãã¹çµäºã®ãç¥ãã ãã¤ãYahoo! JAPANã®ãµã¼ãã¹ããå©ç¨ããã ãèª ã«ãããã¨ããããã¾ãã ã客æ§ãã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããµã¼ãã¹ã¯æ¬æ¥ã¾ã§ã«ãµã¼ãã¹ãçµäºãããã¾ããã ä»å¾ã¨ãYahoo! JAPANã®ãµã¼ãã¹ããæ顧ãã ããã¾ãããããããããé¡ããããã¾ãã
ãããã¾ãããããã¯ããããï¼ããããï¼ããå ¨é¨å ¥ã£ã¦ã¾ããè¦ã¦ãã ãããã¾ãã¼ãããã§ããããã¡ãã£ã¨ç²ãããªãããããããã®ãããã§ãã 07-04-17 22:16
ãµã¼ãã¹çµäºã®ãç¥ãã ãã¤ãYahoo! JAPANã®ãµã¼ãã¹ããå©ç¨ããã ãèª ã«ãããã¨ããããã¾ãã ã客æ§ãã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ããããµã¼ãã¹ã¯æ¬æ¥ã¾ã§ã«ãµã¼ãã¹ãçµäºãããã¾ããã ä»å¾ã¨ãYahoo! JAPANã®ãµã¼ãã¹ããæ顧ãã ããã¾ãããããããããé¡ããããã¾ãã
rsizr is a web application that lets you resize images.
Performing image editing and applying picture effects to any image is a time consuming exercise that is fit only for an avid photoshop user. If youâre looking for a quick and professional picture effects online service, then PhotoFunia is the solution youâve been looking for. With PhotoFunia you can edit photos online for free in a matter of seconds resulting in high quality photo collages. Not on
AngelBeats! 風 ã¿ã¤ãã«ãã´ã¸ã§ãã¬ã¼ã¿ãã©ã åè§è±æ°ãå ¥åãã¦ãã ãããï¼â»ä¸æåç®ã¯å¤§æåãæ°åã§ãå°æåã§ãg,p,yã¯å¯ã@ãå¯ï¼ textï¼ï¼ex. AngelBeats åèªéã¯ã¹ãã¼ã¹ç¡ãã§ï¼ optionï¼å ¥åã¯ä»»æ ex. ã¨ã³ã¸ã§ã«ãã¼ãï¼ èæ¯ãªãã·ã§ã³ é常ï¼æ¨å¥¨ï¼ï¼K-ONç¨ï¼èæ¯ãä½ãããï¼ï¼å¤§æåTç¨ï¼èæ¯ãé«ãããï¼ http://2tail.net/gen/cannot_linkhere.cgi ã¯ãç»åURLã§ã¯ããã¾ããã ãã´ãçæããæ¬äººä»¥å¤ã¯ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãã¦ãç»åãè¦ããã¨ãåºæ¥ã¾ããã ãã´ãçæãã¦ãã5åé以å ã«ä¿åãã¦ãã¢ãããã¼ãã¼ã»ããã°ã»Twitterã®åçè²¼ä»ãªã©ã«è»¢è¼ãã¦ã使ããã ããã ãã°ããããã¨ãçæãããã´ã«ã¯ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãåºæ¥ãªããªãã¾ãã å½ãµã¤ãã§ä½ã£ãç»åã®ä½¿ç¨ã«ã¯ç¹ã«å¶éã¯ããã¾ããããããããäºæ¬¡åµä½
This webpage was generated by the domain owner using Sedo Domain Parking. Disclaimer: Sedo maintains no relationship with third party advertisers. Reference to any specific service or trade mark is not controlled by Sedo nor does it constitute or imply its association, endorsement or recommendation.
ååãå ¥åããã¨ããã£ã±ãã¤ã¡ã¼ã¸ã表示ããã¾ãã â»ã¹ãã¼ã¹ã®æç¡ã¯çµæã«å½±é¿ãã¾ããã ï¼æ¼¢åã»å¹³ä»®åã»ã«ã¿ã«ããå¤ããã¨çµæãå¤ããããã»ã»ã»ï¼ï¼ Yahoo!ããã¯ãã¼ã¯ã«ç»é² â æºå¸¯çãã£ã±ãã¡ã¼ã«ã¼ããããï¼â ã¢ã¤ãã«ã®ãã£ã±ããã°ã©ãã¢ã¢ã¤ãã«ã®ãã£ã±ããæ°ã«ãªã女åªã裸ã«ãã¦ã ãã£ãã㨠ãã£ã±ãç»åãè¦ã¡ãããï¼ æ¨æ¥ï¼ãæ¬æ¥ï¼ ãã£ã±ãã¡ã¼ã«ã¼ã¯ãªã³ã¯ããªã¼ã§ãã ãæè¦ã»ãææ³çã¯ããã£ã±ãã¡ã¼ã«ã¼ç®¡ç人ã¾ã§ãé£çµ¡ä¸ããã ï¼toiawaseâ ohpai.comï¼ââ ã@ã«å¤æ´ãã¦ä¸ãã â»å©ç¨ä¸ã®æ³¨æäºé â¡ãã£ã±ãã¡ã¼ã«ã¼ã¯ã¨ãããªã®ã£ã°ãµã¤ãã§ãã â¡è¡¨ç¤ºããããã£ã±ãç»åã¯ãä½ã®æ ¹æ ããªãã·ã¹ãã ãã©ã³ãã ã«çæããæ¶ç©ºã®ãã®ã§ãã â¡çæãããããã¹ãã»ãã£ã±ãç»åã®èä½æ¨©ç諸権å©ã¯å ¨ã¦ãã£ã±ãã¡ã¼ã«ã¼éå¶è ã«ããã¾ãã copyright (c) Si
ã¨ã¢æ°æ¸ã¯ãµã¼ãã¹ãçµäºãã¾ããã
ã«ãã´ãªç»å ââã£ã½ããã´ãä½ããã¸ã§ãã¬ã¼ã¿ã¾ã¨ã - ã¾ã ââã£ã½ããã´ã®ã¸ã§ãã¬ã¼ã¿ã£ã¦ããã®ãã æ¢ãã¦ã¿ããæã£ã以ä¸ã«ãããããã£ãã®ã§ããã¤ãç´¹ä»ãã¦ã¿ã¾ãã 漫ç»ã»ã¢ãã¡ãä¼æ¥ãæ ç»ã®ãã´ãªã©ãªã©ã¼ â 漫ç»ã»ã¢ãã¡ â¼ããããï¼ ãããããµãã¿ã¤ãã«ã¸ã§ãã¬ã¼ã¿ã¼ http://kitchenstudio.biz/generator/kontape/ ã¢ãã¡ããããï¼ã®å話ã¿ã¤ãã«ã§ç¾ãããã®ã«ã»ãããã¼ãã®ã¸ã§ãã¬ã¼ã¿ã§ãã å´©ãããã©ã³ããªã®ã«æ¼¢åã使ããã¿ããã§ããã¼ â¼ã¨ããéè¡ã®ç¦æ¸ç®é²ã»ã¨ããç§å¦ã®è¶ é»ç£ç ² ã¨ããæ«»è±ã®ç»åçæï¼ã¸ã§ãã¬ã¼ã¿ã¼ï¼ http://to-a.ru/ 人æ°ã¢ãã¡ã¨ããï½ã®ããã®è¦æ £ããææä½ã®ãã´ã®ã¸ã§ãã¬ã¼ã¿ã§ãã éè¡è²ï¼èµ¤ï¼ãç§å¦è²ï¼éï¼ãé¸ã¶ãã¨ãã§ãã縦横ã®åããé¸ã¹ã¾ãã æ稿ãªã©ãã§ããã®ã§é¢ç½ãã§ããã¼ â¼ã¨ãã
ãããããã²ããã«ããããããã»ããããã£ããããããã£ããããï¾ã¨ãï¾ããã©ãããããããããããããããããããã (åºæ¥ãã ã平仮åã§æ¸ããã»ããè¯ãã¨æãã) ããã«ã¿ãããèªå¤æãããæç« ãå ¥ãã ããã«ã¿ãããèªå¤æããæç« ãåºã [æ»ã]
ConvertIcon Image to ICO Converter Convert GIF, PNG, Webp, JPG, BMP, HEIC image file to .ICO file image format: What is ICON (FAVICON)Â and how to convert it? When building a site, many of us overlook one small finishing touch that can make a big difference: the favicon. These small additions to your web design have a much bigger impact than their actual size. Therefore, do not underestimate their
ÃBrowse IconsNewest PacksSVG Icon PacksPopular PacksRandom PacksLicense: Commercial free PacksCategoriesAdobe IconsAlphabet IconsAnimal IconsApple IconsApplication IconsArt IconsAvatar IconsBuildings IconsBusiness IconsCartoon IconsChristmas IconsComputer IconsCulture IconsDrive IconsEaster IconsEmo IconsEmoji IconsFlag IconsFolder IconsFood IconsFunny IconsGame IconsHalloween IconsHand-Drawn Icon
ã±ãããã¯ãã¤ãããªãããªããã®ããã¨ã¤ã¶ããã¾ãã ãããããã®ã¯ã¼ããã¤ã¶ããã¦ããã¨ãã¯é¢ç½ãã¢ããä½ããã£ãããæ¢ãã¦ãã¾ãã é«ééè·¯ãã©ã³ããä½ãå§ããåã«ãããªãããªããã®ããã¨ã¤ã¶ããã¦ãã¾ããã æè¿ã¯ã³ã³ããã¨ã³ã¹ã«ãããããªãã®ãç°¡åã«å®ç¾ã§ããããã«ãªãã¾ããã 調ã¹ããã¨ããéã¶ãã¨ããä½ããã¨ããä½ãå§ãããã¨ã§ããããããã«ã¤ãªãããã¨ãã§ããã°ããå®çµã§ãã¦ãã¾ãã¾ãã ãããªä¸ã®ä¸ãåãå ¥ãã¤ã¤ããä»ã®æ¹ã®ããããªã®ãªããã®ãããæºãããããªããªã«ãå¤ãã£ããã®ãã¤ããããã ãµã¤ãå称ã5r4ce2(ãã¡ã¤ãã¼ãã©ã¼ã¹ãã¼)ãã¯ãFiber(ç¹ç¶ã®ãããª)ã¨Force(å)ããã®2ã¤ãçµã¿åããããã®ã§ãã ã¿ãªããã¨ããã£ããçµã³ã¤ããªãããæ°ããªæ¹åæ§ã¨ãããåãããä¸ã«çºä¿¡ãã¦ãããã°ã¨èãã¦ãã¾ãã ãã£ããã«ãç§ãã¡ã¨æ¥½ããã§ã¿ã¾ãããï¼ 20
åé²æåæ°ç´12ä¸åã®è¶ æå¼·ã®TrueTypeãã©ã³ãããã ãæåæ°ãå¤ããã¦ã使ãæ¹ãã¤ãã¤ãåãããªããï¼^^;ãæ®éã®ç´°ææä½ã§ãã
Iâve been meaning to write this post but just havenât had the time to do so. Iâve received several messages and emails asking me about fonts that I use on some of my design projects. I have a pretty large font collection. Some of them are paid, but a lot of them are free! First of all, I suggest investing in some of the best typefaces out there but I also suggest that you take advantage of the fre
Bienvenido a Creamundo, el sitio de las fuentes tipográficas gratis En este sitio web vas a encontrar miles de fuentes gratis para descargar gratis y poder usarlas en tu ordenador. El objetivo de este sitio es el de colaborar con todos aquéllos que usan tipografÃas para diseñar, escribir artÃsticamente, etc. Todas las tipografÃas gratuitas que hay en esta página han sido obtenidas de sitios gratui
ãã¶ã¤ã³ã«ããã¦é常ãªéè¦ãªå½¹å²ãæã¤ãã©ã³ããé¸ã¶ãã©ã³ãä¸ã¤ã§æ¿çã«ãã¶ã¤ã³ã®å°è±¡ãå¤ããã¾ããæ¥ã æ§ã ãªãã©ã³ããä¸çã§ã¯ä½ããã¦ãã¦ãç¡æã§å ¬éããã¦ããããªã¼ãã©ã³ãã次ã ã¨çºè¡¨ããã¦ãã¾ããä»æ¥ç´¹ä»ããã®ã¯ãç¾ããã¦æ°ããããªã¼ãã©ã³ããéããã¨ã³ããªã¼ã50 Beautiful and Fresh Free Fontsãã§ãã Musa Ornata (tt) ä»åã¯ä»ã¾ã§ã§Designdevelopã§ç´¹ä»ãã¦ããªãããªã¼ãã©ã³ãã§æ°ã«ãªã£ããã®ãããã¤ãããã¯ã¢ãããã¦ç´¹ä»ãããã¨æãã¾ãã 詳ããã¯ä»¥ä¸ â AW Conqueror (tt) æ§ã ãªããªã¨ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãæã£ãæ¸ä½ãã·ã³ãã«ãªSANSãããPOPãªINLINEã¨ä¸ã¤ã®ãã©ã³ãã軸ã«ãã¦æ§ã ãªãã¼ã¸ã§ã³ã®ãã³ããå©ç¨ã§ãã¾ãã â League Script #1 (ot) æãããé°å²æ°ã®ã¹ã¯ãªãããã©ã³ããåªãã
It appears you are using an older browser. For a better experience when using MediaFire, we recommend you upgrade your browser.
ãã©ã³ããWindowsãMacãLinuxã§ã使ç¨ã§ããããã«ãTrueType, PostScript, OpenTypeãªã©ã«ãã©ã³ãã®ãã©ã¼ããããå¤æã§ãããªã³ã©ã¤ã³ãµã¼ãã¹ãç´¹ä»ãã¾ãã Free Online Font Converter [ad#ad-2] 対å¿ãã¦ãããã©ã³ãã®ãã©ã¼ãããã¯ä¸è¨ã®ããã«ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ãã ãã©ã³ãã®å¯¾å¿ãã©ã¼ããã pfa, pfb, pt3, sfd, ttf, otf, otb, t42, cef, cff, gsf, ttc, svg, ik, mf, dfont, bin, suit and bd Free Online Font Converterã®ä½¿ãæ¹ ä½¿ãæ¹ã¯ç°¡åã§ãã ç»é²ãªã©é¢åãªãã¨ã¯ããã¾ããã ãSelect a file to convert:ãã«ãã©ã³ããã¡ã¤ã«ãæå®ãã¦ãã¢ãããã¼ããã¾ãã ãSelect a
This user name doesn't exist. If you want to create a new account, just verify your password and log in. This user name exists. If you want to create a new account, please choose a different name. Enter the current email address you have registered in your profile. You'll get an email containing your new password. You have no email address in your profile, so you can't have your password reset. Pa
Download Free Wallpapers Sorted by Date There are 3873 free desktop wallpapers available below. You are on page 1 of 388. Bulk Download Service Quickly Download Every InterfaceLIFT Wallpaper! Build Your Own Bulk Wallpaper Download â Don't click on thousands of individual "Download" buttons. Get all of our wallpapers, in the precise image size you need for your display, in one custom download. What
ãâé«ç»è³ªâã¢ãã¡å£ç´å庫ãããããã°åå¤æ´ãã¾ããï¼ã¢ãã¡å£ç´ï¼ãã¿ããã°ãå£ç´ã¯ã»ã³ã¹ã¨ç»è³ªããã¿ã¯é¢ç½ãã«ãã ããã¾ãã
youâre not a poem and thatâs why i love you i used to write about the moon hanging shadows on and around my neck the cacti shriveling blisters in death valley imaginary summer superstorms and neurotransmitters pulses and a lack thereof i thought about punctuation and the ghosts iâd talk to in circles sepia-stained i painted over them in ugly neons and called it art (as if my wrists were art once u
ãã©ãã·ã§ããããã¶ã¤ã³ããã®ããã¦ã§ããµã¤ãã2009å¹´ï¼æåµå以æ¥ã3800ãè¶ ããã³ã³ãã³ããæ´æ°ãã¦ãã¾ããããªã¼ãã©ã³ããªã©ã®ç¡æãã¶ã¤ã³ç´ æï¼é è²ãWebå¶ä½ã¨ãã£ãææ°ãã¬ã³ããå ¬éä¸ã
ã¢ãã¡ã®æºå¸¯å¾ ã¡åãã»PCç¨å£ç´ã®å±ç¤ºã管ç人ã®æ¥è¨ãªã©ãªã©ãå¾ ã¡åãã®ã¿ãµã¤ãºãªã¯ã¨ã¹ãåãä»ãã¾ããã¢ãã¡ã®æºå¸¯å¾ ã¡åãã»PCç¨å£ç´ã®å±ç¤ºã管ç人ã®æ¥è¨ãªã©ãªã©ãå¾ ã¡åãã®ã¿ãµã¤ãºãªã¯ã¨ã¹ãåãä»ãã¾ãã ãã®åç»ä»æ¥åãã¦è¦ããã ãã©ãæåããã£ï¼ï¼ ãRainbowãèãã¦ãã¨æ¶ãã§ã¦ããã»ã»ã»èããããªãã§ãã ãï½ä¸»ã«ã¯æè¬ã®è¨èãããªãã§ãããããã¨ããï¼ï¼ èªåãå¼¾ããããªãã£ã¦æããã©ã Fã®ã³ã¼ãã§æ«æããèªåã«ã¯å°åºç¡çã§ãã»ã»ã» ã³ã¼ãã¨è¨ãã°å¤©ç¶ã®ã¿ãªã¹ãã®å¯ãµã³ã¯å¤§ä¸å¤«ãªã®ã§ããããï¼ ç·´ç¿å§¿ãã天ç¶ãªã¼ã©ã滲ã¿ã§ã¦ãããã«è¦ã¦ã¨ãããã©ã»ã»ã»
Free PowerPoint templates to create outstanding presentations! Design elegant presentations with our free slides for Microsoft PowerPoint and Google Slides. Achieve the perfect design, every time with our exclusive templates, infographics, icons, charts, and diagrams. Charts and diagrams Present your facts and figures effectively with our free charts and diagrams for PowerPoint and Google slides.
ããããä»æï¼ã®å·» å¹¼ãããï¼ããã«æè½ããããã¨ãåæï¼ï¼äººçµæã«ãã©ãã¨ã¯ã»ã»ã» ãã³ã»ã»ã»ã©ãªã¦ãåæã¨åæã®ä»æµè©¦åã®æãã¤ã«æãã¦ããã㪠ã©ãªã¦ããã¾ãªã«ãèãã¦ããã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã» ã±ã³ãå¼·ããªãã®ãæãã§ããã®ãããã¨ãã¸ã£ãã«ãªã£ããï¼ ãµãã»ã»ã»ã»ã¾ãããã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã» ã ãå°å§ãè² ããå ´åãã®å ´ãã§ããã¨ã¯ããªãã¬ï¼ï¼ ãã¾ããã®ã ãªï¼ï¼ ï¼ï¼ ã±ã³ã·ãã¦ã®ç´ 質ã«ã»ãããã©ãªã¦ã»ã»ã»ã»ã» ãããããããã·ã¥ã¦ããããã¯ããããããã¨ã«ãªã£ã¦ãããï¼ï¼ ãªãã ï¼ï¼ ãï¼ï¼ãã·ã¥ã¦ï¼ï¼ãã¾ãããã¤ã®ç¸æãï¼ï¼ ãããã»ã»ã»ã»æå¾ã®ç¸æãæªããã㪠ããï¼ã¨ã©ãããããä»æµã®æè ãããããçãã¦ã§ããã¨ã¯ããªãã¬ï¼ï¼ ãªï¼ï¼ããªã«ã£ï¼ï¼ ã·ã¥ã¦ãã¨ãããã¾ã§ãåæãªãã¨ã¯è¨±ãããï¼ æã¯æã ãï¼ï¼ ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã» ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»ã»
â ç·¨éå ï¼ãã¥ã¼ã¹éå ±æ¿ããããèªæ®ºã¯ãããªããâã¯ï¼ï¼ãªãã§ï¼èªåã®å½ã¯ç¤¾ä¼ã®ææç©ãããªããå¥ã«ããã ãã 281 åç¡ãããï¼ æ¶ç®ã§ãã(ç¥å¥å·ç) :2011/06/29(æ°´) 18:55:04.53 ID:wspf4aX4P
ã©ã³ãã³ã°
ã©ã³ãã³ã°
ã©ã³ãã³ã°
ãªãªã¼ã¹ãé害æ å ±ãªã©ã®ãµã¼ãã¹ã®ãç¥ãã
ææ°ã®äººæ°ã¨ã³ããªã¼ã®é ä¿¡
j次ã®ããã¯ãã¼ã¯
kåã®ããã¯ãã¼ã¯
lãã¨ã§èªã
eã³ã¡ã³ãä¸è¦§ãéã
oãã¼ã¸ãéã
{{#tags}}- {{label}}
{{/tags}}