Optimism ran amuck. Every new statistical success gave another justification for the coercive policies by which it was achieved. Every setback was another stimulus to the same policies. The slogan "The Five Year Plan in Four Years" was advanced, and the magic symbols "5-in-4" and "2 + 2 = 5" were posted and shouted throughout the land.‚à‚¿‚ë‚ñA‚�ｿｽ}‚ÌŒ‹––‚Í”j–Å“I‚È‚à‚Ì‚¾‚Á‚½BŒv‰æ–Ú•W‚Íí‚É•sð—‚Ɉø‚«ã‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚ç‚ê‚邪AŽÀÑ‚Í“–‰–Ú•W‚ð‚à‰º‰ñ‚èA‚»‚µ‚ÄŽŸŠúŒv‰æ‚ÅÄ‚Ñ•sð—‚Ɍ֑å‚ÈŒv‰æ–Ú•W‚ª’è‚ß‚ç‚ê‚éB
The formula 2 + 2 = 5 instantly riveted my attention. It seemed to me at once bold and preposterous | the daring and the paradox and the tragic absurdity of the Soviet scene, its mystical simplicity, its defiance of logic, all reduced to nose-thumbing arithmetic. . . . 2 + 2 = 5 : in electric lights on Moscow housefronts, in foot-high letters on billboards, spelled planned error, hyperbole, perverse optimism; something childishly headstrong and stirringly imaginative. . . . 2 + 2 = 5: a slogan born in premature success, tobogganing toward horror and destined to end up, lamely, as 2 + 2 1⁄4. = 5. . . .
ŠyŠÏŽå‹`‚ªr‚ê‹�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚Á‚Ä‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚½B‚ ‚ç‚ä‚éV‚½‚È“Œv”’l‚Ì�ｿｽ�ｿｽŒ�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚ÍA‚»‚ꂪ’B�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚³‚ê‚é‚�ｿｽ}‚Æ‚ÅA•Ê‚É‹ˆ³“Iô‚𳓖‰»‚µ‚½B‚ ‚ç‚ä‚éÁÜ‚ÍA“¯‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽô‚Ì•Ê‚ÈŽhŒƒ‚Æ‚È‚Á‚½Bu5ƒJ”NŒv‰æ‚ð4”N‚Åv‚Æ‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚¤ƒXƒ[ƒKƒ“‚ÍA‚³‚ç‚Éi‚ñ‚ÅA‘‰Æ‘S“y‚É–‚–@‚̃Vƒ“ƒ{ƒ‹u5-in-4v‚âu2+2=5v‚ª“\‚èo‚³‚êAŠ«‚«ŽU‚炳‚ꂽB
Ž„‚ÌŠá‚ÍŒöŽ® 2+2=5 ‚É“B•t‚¯‚É‚È‚Á‚½BŽ„‚ɂ͘ü–‚©‚•s‡—‚ÉŽv‚¦‚½Bƒ\ƒrƒGƒg‚Ì‘å’_‚Æ‹tà‚Ɣߌ€“I•sð—A‚»‚Ì–‚p“Iƒ^A‚»‚̘_—ŒyŽ‹Aš}‚é‚�ｿｽ~‚«ŽZ”... 2 + 2 = 5 ƒ‚ƒXƒNƒ‚ÌŒš•�ｿｽN‚Ì“düA‘å‚«‚È•�ｿｽ�ｿｽŽš‚ÌŠÅ”ÂA‹L‚³‚ꂽŒv‰æ“IŒë‚èAŒÖ’�ｿｽ�ｿｽAŠæ–À‚ÈŠyŠÏŽå‹`A‰½‚©Žq‹Ÿ‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚Ý‚½‹î‚Æ–c‚êオ‚Á‚½‹ó‘z.... 2 + 2 = 5 ŽžŠú®‘‚È�ｿｽ�ｿｽŒ�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚Ì’†‚Å�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚Ü‚êA‹�ｿｽ�ｿｽ•|‚ÉŒü‚©‚Á‚Ä‹}~‰º‚µAŒ‹––‚Ö‚ÆŽŠ‚è‚‚Bƒtƒ‰ƒtƒ‰‚Æ‚µ‚½‘«Žæ‚è‚ÅA2 + 2 1⁄4. = 5‚Æ‚µ‚ÄB
[Eugene Lyons: "Assignment in Utopia", p.240, 1937]
Nigel Linsan Colley‚É‚æ‚ê‚ÎA‚�ｿｽ}‚Ì–{‚ªƒWƒ‡[ƒWEƒI[ƒEƒFƒ‹‚É‹‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽˆóÛ‚ðŽc‚µ‚½B
Indeed Lyonsf book[Eugene Lyons:"ASSIGMENT IN UTOPIA"] must have a made a lasting impression on Orwell. Lyons writes about a soviet slogan g2+2=5h used to describe that the 5-year plan could be achieved in four years. Orwell was to take this equation and incorporate it into his later novel 1984, where the main Character Winston Smith uses it to consider the possibility that the State might declare "two plus two makes five" as a fact; Winston ponders that if everybody believes in it, does that make it true?‚©‚‚µ‚ÄA‹Œƒ\ƒrƒGƒg˜A–M‚ÅŽÀÑ‚ ‚éu•sð—‚ÌÛ’\ 2+2=5v‚ÍA•�ｿｽ�ｿｽŠw‚Æ‚µ‚Ä–�ｿｽ�ｿｽ—ˆ‚Ö‚ÆŒê‚ç‚ê‚é‚�ｿｽ}‚Æ‚Æ‚È‚Á‚½B
Eugene Lyons‚Ì–{[Assignment in Utopia]‚̓Wƒ‡[ƒWEƒI[ƒEƒFƒ‹‚É‹‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽˆóÛ‚ðŽc‚µ‚½‚Í‚¸‚¾BEugene Lyons‚ÍA5‚©”NŒv‰æ‚ð4”N‚Å’B�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚Å‚«‚é‚Æ‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚¤ƒ\˜A‚̃Xƒ[ƒKƒ“u2+2=5v‚ɂ‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚Ä‘‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚Ä‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚éBƒWƒ‡[ƒWEƒI[ƒEƒFƒ‹‚Í‚�ｿｽ}‚Ì”Ž®‚ðŽæ‚è“ü‚êAŒã‚Ì�ｿｽ�ｿｽàu1984”Nv‚ÅAuŽålŒöƒEƒBƒ“ƒXƒgƒ“EƒXƒ~ƒX‚ªA‘‰Æ‚ª2+2=5‚ðŽ–ŽÀ‚Æ‚µ‚ÄŽå’�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚·‚é‰Â”\«‚ðl‚¦‚év‚Æ‚�ｿｽ}‚ë‚ÅŽg‚Á‚½BƒEƒBƒ“ƒXƒgƒ“EƒXƒ~ƒX‚ÍA‚à‚µ’N‚à‚ª‚�ｿｽ}‚ê‚ðM‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚½‚çA2+2=5‚ª^—‚É‚È‚é‚Ì‚¾‚낤‚©‚ÆAl‚¦‚½B
[Nigel Linsan Colley: "James Mace Memorial Panel" (2005/06/19)]
‚µ‚©‚µAu•sð—‚ÌÛ’\ 2+2=5v‚ð’m‚ç‚ÊŽÒ‚½‚¿‚ÍŒ¾‚¤Bu1+1‚Í3‚É‚à4‚É‚à‚È‚év‚ÆB‚�ｿｽ}‚¤‚�ｿｽ�ｿｽ‚¤‚Ì‚ðlŠÔ—Í‚ÆŒ¾‚¤‚Ì‚©‚ÈH
