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ã¯Raj Chettyï¼ãã¼ãã¼ã大ï¼ãNathaniel Hendrenï¼åï¼ãPatrick Klineï¼UCãã¼ã¯ã¬ã¼ï¼ãEmmanuel Saezï¼åï¼ãNicholas Turnerï¼è²¡åçï¼ã§ãè«æã®ã¿ã¤ãã«ã¯ãIs the United States Still a Land of Opportunity? Recent Trends in Intergenerational Mobilityãã
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We present new evidence on trends in intergenerational mobility in the U.S. using administrative earnings records. We find that percentile rank-based measures of intergenerational mobility have remained extremely stable for the 1971-1993 birth cohorts. For children born between 1971 and 1986, we measure intergenerational mobility based on the correlation between parent and child income percentile ranks. For more recent cohorts, we measure mobility as the correlation between a childâs probability of attending college and her parentsâ income rank. We also calculate transition probabilities, such as a childâs chances of reaching the top quintile of the income distribution starting from the bottom quintile. Based on all of these measures, we find that children entering the labor market today have the same chances of moving up in the income distribution (relative to their parents) as children born in the 1970s. However, because inequality has risen, the consequences of the âbirth lotteryâ – the parents to whom a child is born – are larger today than in the past.
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