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    2015 Therapy Sample

    Uploaded by

    Arun Adhikari
    The document contains questions about radiation therapy concepts such as dosimetry, beam characteristics, treatment planning, and dose calculations. It asks about absolute dosimeters, surface dose measurements, percentage depth dose and tissue maximum ratio curves, output factors, and dose calculations for different treatment techniques and beam energies.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    2015 Therapy Sample

    Uploaded by

    Arun Adhikari
    65 views4 pages
    The document contains questions about radiation therapy concepts such as dosimetry, beam characteristics, treatment planning, and dose calculations. It asks about absolute dosimeters, surface dose measurements, percentage depth dose and tissue maximum ratio curves, output factors, and dose calculations for different treatment techniques and beam energies.

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    2015TherapySample

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    The document contains questions about radiation therapy concepts such as dosimetry, beam characteristics, treatment planning, and dose calculations. It asks about absolute dosimeters, surface dose measurements, percentage depth dose and tissue maximum ratio curves, output factors, and dose calculations for different treatment techniques and beam energies.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    65 views4 pages

    2015 Therapy Sample

    Uploaded by

    Arun Adhikari
    The document contains questions about radiation therapy concepts such as dosimetry, beam characteristics, treatment planning, and dose calculations. It asks about absolute dosimeters, surface dose measurements, percentage depth dose and tissue maximum ratio curves, output factors, and dose calculations for different treatment techniques and beam energies.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    therapy questions

    T38. The following are absolute dosimeters EXCEPT:


    A. free-air ionization chamber
    B. calorimeter
    C. diode
    D. ferrous sulfate (Fricke) dosimeter

    T39. According to AAPM Task Group 176, which of the following is NOT recommended for MV
    photon surface dose measurements?
    A. extrapolation chamber
    B. plane-parallel chamber
    C. cylindrical chamber
    D. thermoluminescent diodes
    E. optically stimulated luminescent diodes

    T40. For PDD measurements with a cylindrical chamber, the effective point of measurement relative to
    the center of the chamber is:
    A. at the center
    B. shifted upstream
    C. shifted downstream
    D. offset laterally
    E. variably shifted depending on beam energy

    T41. A patient is prescribed to a depth of 5 cm using a single 6 MV x-ray beam. If 15 MV is prescribed


    instead:
    A. max body dose will increase
    B. entrance dose will increase
    C. dose to the prescription point will increase
    D. exit dose will increase
    E. all of the above

    T42. A 10 x 10 cm2 6 MV photon field, calibrated to deliver 1 cGy/MU at dmax, 100 cm SAD, is
    incident on a flat part of a patient’s chest covered by 1 cm bolus. The isocenter is on the patient’s
    skin under the bolus. If 200 MU are delivered, what is the approximate dose to the isocenter?
    A. 50 cGy
    B. 100 cGy
    C. 150 cGy
    D. 200 cGy
    E. 250 cGy

    8 Raphex 2015
    therapy questions

    T43. Traversing an immobilization device with a treatment field will result in _____ attenuation and
    _____ skin dose compared to not having the device in the field.
    A. increased; increased
    B. increased; no change in
    C. no change in; increased
    D. decreased; decreased
    E. decreased; no change in

    T44. What method(s) can be used to stop high-Z contrast from influencing a planned pelvic dose
    distribution that will be delivered in the absence of contrast?
    A. Modify the HU value of the contrast to represent water in the treatment planning system.
    B. Turn heterogeneity corrections off for the dose calculation.
    C. Acquire a planning scan without contrast and register to a subsequent scan immediately
    acquired in the same position with contrast.
    D. All of the above are true.
    E. None of the above are true.

    T45. A patient is treated on a linac (100 cm SAD) with a field adjacent to a previously treated field. The
    previous field has a collimator setting of 22 x 22 cm2, 110 cm SSD. The current field has a
    collimator setting of 10 x 10 cm2, 100 cm SSD. What gap is required at the skin for these fields to
    intersect at 5 cm depth?
    A. 0.68
    B. 0.70
    C. 0.75
    D. 0.80
    E. 1.02

    Raphex 2015 9
    therapy questions

    Use the table below for questions T46–T48.


    Data Tables for 6 MV Photons (PPD are for 100 cm SSD)

    Field Size (cm2)


    Depth (cm)
    5x5 10 x 10 15 x 15 20 x 20 25 x 25
    5 85.6 87.1 87.6 87.9 88.2
    8 72.0 75.0 76.3 77.3 77.9
    PDD 10 64.2 67.6 69.2 70.3 71.1
    15 47.7 51.6 53.7 55.4 56.4
    20 36.7 39.2 41.5 43.4 44.5
    5 0.912 0.928 0.934 0.937 0.941
    8 0.809 0.842 0.857 0.869 0.877
    TMR 10 0.745 0.784 0.804 0.818 0.828
    15 0.602 0.647 0.675 0.697 0.713
    20 0.487 0.530 0.560 0.586 0.605
    Sc 0.970 1.000 1.015 1.024 1.027
    Sp 0.975 1.000 1.017 1.029 1.031
    Output (cGy/MU) = 1.0 at dmax (1.5 cm), 100 cm SAD, Field Size: 10 x10 cm2
    Output (cGy/MU) = 0.971 at dmax (1.5 cm), 100 cm SSD, Field Size: 10 x10 cm2

    T46. A patient is treated with isocentric AP/PA fields, 12 x 20 cm2, 6 MV x-rays. The prescription is
    150 cGy/field to the midplane depth of 10 cm. The treatment field is shaped to an equivalent field
    of 10 x 10 cm2 with MLC. The MU setting per field is _____.
    A. 183 MU
    B. 188 MU
    C. 194 MU
    D. 222 MU
    E. 233 MU

    T47. A patient is treated to the thoracic spine with a single posterior field, 100 cm SSD setup, 8 x 20 cm,
    6 MV x-rays. The prescription is 300 cGy/field to a depth of 5 cm. There is no blocking. The MU
    setting per field is _____.
    A. 319 MU
    B. 329 MU
    C. 341 MU
    D. 350 MU
    E. 363 MU

    10 Raphex 2015
    therapy answers

    T39. C Due to the fact that cylinders are not flat like the surface of a patient or phantom, these
    chambers would need large correction factors in order to accurately measure dose. The
    extrapolation chamber is the gold standard, but plane-parallel chambers are viable alternatives.
    TLDs and OSLDs, as long as they are sufficiently small, are often used for in vivo surface dose
    measurements.

    T40. B According to AAPM Task Group 51, the effective point of measurement is shifted upstream
    by 0.6 multiplied by the radius of the cavity, since the forward peaked primary beam enters the
    chamber at various distances upstream.

    T41. D The higher-energy photon beam will have a lower entrance dose and a decreased max dose.
    However, the dose beyond the prescription point, including exit dose, will increase.

    T42. D The dmax is approximately 1.5 cm for 6 MV x-rays. However, 1 cm of bolus will remove much
    of the skin sparing, so if 200 MU are given, the skin will receive less than 200 cGy, but still
    much closer to 200 cGy than 150 cGy.

    T43. A According to AAPM Task Group 176, immobilization devices generally add to the attenuation
    of a beam traversing them and increase the skin dose in the entrance area of the beam.

    T44. D All of these methods would allow the bowel to be delineated with the help of contrast, while
    not allowing the presence of the contrast to affect the dose distribution. If turning
    heterogeneity off for the dose calculation, care must be taken to ensure that the beams do not
    traverse large air pockets or areas of dense bone.

    T45. D Gap = (d/2)  (Coll1 + Coll2) / SAD = 0.80 cm.

    T46. B FSeq of 12 x 20 = 15, Sc = 1.015, FSeq 10 x 10 Sp = 1.0,


    TMR(d=10, 10.0) = 0.784
    MU =150 / (1.0  1.015  1.0  0.784) = 188

    T47. D FSeq of 8 x 20 = 11.4 Sc = 1.004, Sp = 1.005, PDD(5,11.4) = 0.873


    Output = 0.971 cGy/MU MU = 300 / (0.971  1.004  1.005  0.873) = 350

    T48. D Maximum tissue dose will occur at dmax = 300 cGy / 0.873 = 344 cGy.

    T49. C The dose to the fetus depends on the distance from the field edge and field size. For distances
    10 to 20 cm from the field edge, the dose at 10 cm depth is between about 2% and 0.3% of the
    dose on the beam axis. (Ref: AAPM Report No. 50, “Fetal Dose from Radiotherapy with
    Photon Beams,” AAPM Radiation Therapy Committee Task Group 36, Reprinted from Med.
    Phys. 22(1):63–82, 1995.) The dose is made up of patient scatter, head leakage, and radiation
    scattered from the collimators and MLC.

    Raphex 2015 5

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