William Byrd (/bɜːrd/; birth date variously given as c.1539/40 or 1543 – 4 July 1623, by the Julian calendar, 14 July 1623, by the Gregorian calendar) was an English composer of the Renaissance. He wrote in many of the forms current in England at the time, including various types of sacred and secular polyphony, keyboard (the so-called Virginalist school), and consort music. He produced sacred music for use in Anglican services, although he himself became a Roman Catholic in later life and wrote Catholic sacred music as well.
Birth and origins
Thanks largely to the research of John Harley, knowledge of Byrd's biography has expanded in recent years. According to Harley, Thomas Byrd, the grandson of Richard Byrd of Ingatestone, Essex, probably moved to London in the 15th century. Thereafter succeeding generations of the family are described as gentlemen. William Byrd was born in London, the son of another Thomas Byrd about whom nothing further is known, and his wife, Margery. The specific year of Byrd's birth is uncertain. In his will, dated 15 November 1622, he describes himself as "in the 80th year of my age", suggesting a birthdate of 1542 or 1543. However a document dated 2 October 1598 written in his own hand states that he is "58 yeares or ther abouts", indicating an earlier birthdate of 1539 or 1540. Byrd had two brothers, Symond and John, who became London merchants, and four sisters, Alice, Barbara, Mary, and Martha.
Exsurge Domine (Latinfor "Arise O Lord") is a papal bull promulgated on 15 June 1520 by Pope Leo X. It was written in response to the teachings of Martin Luther which opposed the views of the Church. It censured forty one propositions extracted from Luther's 95 theses and subsequent writings, and threatened him with excommunication unless he recanted within a sixty-day period commencing upon the publication of the bull in Saxony and its neighboring regions. Luther refused to recant and responded instead by composing polemical tracts lashing out at the papacy and by publicly burning a copy of the bull on 10 December 1520.
History
The historical impetus for this bull arose from an effort to provide a decisive papal response to the growing popularity of Luther's teachings. Beginning in January 1520, a papal consistory was summoned to examine Luther's fidelity to Catholic teachings. After a short time, it produced a hasty list of several perceived errors found in his writings, but Curial officials believed that a more thorough consideration was warranted. The committee was reorganized and subsequently produced a report determining that only a few of Luther's teachings could potentially be deemed heretical or erroneous from the standpoint of Catholic theology. His other teachings perceived as problematic were deemed to warrant lesser degrees of theological censure, including the designations "scandalous" or "offensive to pious ears".
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Cantiones Sacrae: Fac cum servo tuo · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591)
℗ 1994 CRD Records Ltd.
Released on: 2007-06-18
Composer: William Byrd
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published: 01 Oct 2014
Cantiones Sacrae: Cunctis diebus
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Cantiones Sacrae: Cunctis diebus · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591)
℗ 1994 CRD Records Ltd.
Released on: 2007-06-18
Composer: William Byrd
Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises
Cantiones Sacrae: Fac cum servo tuo · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1...
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises
Cantiones Sacrae: Fac cum servo tuo · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591)
℗ 1994 CRD Records Ltd.
Released on: 2007-06-18
Composer: William Byrd
Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises
Cantiones Sacrae: Fac cum servo tuo · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591)
℗ 1994 CRD Records Ltd.
Released on: 2007-06-18
Composer: William Byrd
Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises
Cantiones Sacrae: Cunctis diebus · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591...
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises
Cantiones Sacrae: Cunctis diebus · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591)
℗ 1994 CRD Records Ltd.
Released on: 2007-06-18
Composer: William Byrd
Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises
Cantiones Sacrae: Cunctis diebus · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591)
℗ 1994 CRD Records Ltd.
Released on: 2007-06-18
Composer: William Byrd
Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises
Cantiones Sacrae: Fac cum servo tuo · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591)
℗ 1994 CRD Records Ltd.
Released on: 2007-06-18
Composer: William Byrd
Auto-generated by YouTube.
Provided to YouTube by The Orchard Enterprises
Cantiones Sacrae: Cunctis diebus · Choir of New College Oxford/Edward Higginbottom
Byrd: Cantiones Sacrae (1591)
℗ 1994 CRD Records Ltd.
Released on: 2007-06-18
Composer: William Byrd
Auto-generated by YouTube.
William Byrd (/bɜːrd/; birth date variously given as c.1539/40 or 1543 – 4 July 1623, by the Julian calendar, 14 July 1623, by the Gregorian calendar) was an English composer of the Renaissance. He wrote in many of the forms current in England at the time, including various types of sacred and secular polyphony, keyboard (the so-called Virginalist school), and consort music. He produced sacred music for use in Anglican services, although he himself became a Roman Catholic in later life and wrote Catholic sacred music as well.
Birth and origins
Thanks largely to the research of John Harley, knowledge of Byrd's biography has expanded in recent years. According to Harley, Thomas Byrd, the grandson of Richard Byrd of Ingatestone, Essex, probably moved to London in the 15th century. Thereafter succeeding generations of the family are described as gentlemen. William Byrd was born in London, the son of another Thomas Byrd about whom nothing further is known, and his wife, Margery. The specific year of Byrd's birth is uncertain. In his will, dated 15 November 1622, he describes himself as "in the 80th year of my age", suggesting a birthdate of 1542 or 1543. However a document dated 2 October 1598 written in his own hand states that he is "58 yeares or ther abouts", indicating an earlier birthdate of 1539 or 1540. Byrd had two brothers, Symond and John, who became London merchants, and four sisters, Alice, Barbara, Mary, and Martha.