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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter presents the research methodology, research design, respondent of
the study, research locale, research instrument, data gathering procedure, method of
scoring, statistical treatment of data and all other aspects relevant to research
methodology.
Research Design
The study used a descriptive correlational research design. This method allows for
data collection on the relationship between multiple variables without manipulating them,
providing insight and new information. Descriptive correlational studies are useful for
describing now one phenomenon is related to another in situations where the researcher
has no control over the independent variables, the variables that are believed to cause or
influence the dependent or outcome variable (Lappe, 2000).
Research Locale
This study will be conducted in Eastern Visayas State University- Ormoc
Campus (EVSU-OC), academic year 2023-2024. Respondents will be surveyed
through questionnaires.
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Legend:
Figure 2. Indicating the School Covered of the Study.
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Respondents of the study
The respondents of the study will be sixty percent (60%) of selected first year to
third year students of Bachelor of Secondary Education Major in Mathematics at EVSU-
OCC. There were two sections per year, section A and section B who were officially
enrolled during the school year 2023-2024. This study employs a total of one-hundred-
seventh-one (171) BSED Math students; fifty-six (56) of them were from first-year ;
fifty-eight (58) of them were from second-year; and fifty-seven (57) of them were from
third-year.
Research Instrument
A survey questionnaire will be used as the principal data-gathering instrument to
obtain data-gathering instrument from this study. The researcher will use self-made
questionnaire which consists of two main sections: the five items in the first section
requested the learner’s demographic profiles, namely sex, age, civil status, economic
status and general weight average. In the second section the five-point Likert scale
response items were used, ranging from 1 (‘definitely disagree’) and 5 (‘definitely
agree’). This section will consist of 40 items that measured four learning styles. The
questionnaire contained 10 items on each of the visual, auditory, reading/writing, and
kinesthetic learning styles. The respondents will rate the 40 items according to their
learning styles.
Ethical Consideration
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Ethical consideration in research is critical in ensuring the research studies. These
are standards that every study should consider but not limited to, the protection of rights
and welfare of participants, the accuracy of scientific knowledge and protection of
intellectual property rights.
The data gathered in this study will be kept confidential and disclosed only upon
the participant’s permission. Pictures and videos that will be taken during the conduction
of the study will be disclosed upon the participant’s consent in occasions when the need
to clarify obscuring remarks arises. Furthermore, the participation of the participants will
be voluntary and shall entitle them to withdraw from the study with or without reason.
Data Gathering Procedure
As part of the initial preparation for the gathering of data, the researcher obtained
written permission from their instructor to conduct the study. Upon the approval of the
letter request, the researcher will distribute the questionnaire personally to the selected
students of Eastern Visayas State University Ormoc City Campus (EVSU-OCC).
Methods of Scoring Data
The following statistical and scoring tools will be used by the researchers to
process the data collected for this study.
The following scoring methods will randomly chosen to categorize the numerical
values together with descriptions and interpretations.
Scale Description
Variable Description
Sex Male
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Female
Age
25-above Above Middle Age
21-24 Middle Age
18-21 Normal Age
Civil Status
Single
Married
Widow
Legally Separated
Economic Status
76,000 & Above Upper Class
41,000-75,000 Upper Middle Class
21,000-40,000 Middle Class
10,000-20,000 Lower Middle Class
Less than 10,000 Lower Class
General Weighted Average
1.0 Excellent
1.1-1.5 Very Satisfactory
1.6-2.0 Satisfactory
2.1-2.5 Fair
2.6-below Poor
Using the VARK Model. The responses on the which learning style will have a major
impact on students' academic performance will be categorized as follows:
Scale Description
4.21 – 5.00 Strongly Agree
3.41 – 4.50 Agree
2.61 – 3.40 Neutral
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1.81 – 2.60 Disagree
1.00 – 1.80 Strongly Disagree
Statistical Treatment of Data
The data will be analyzed through descriptive analysis such as means,
frequencies, percentage, and standard deviations use to describe the basic features of data
in the study.
To determine the scores of the following variables: sex, age, civil status,
economic status, and general weighted average (GWA), the percentage distribution, mean
and rank will be use.
To test the null hypothesis which stated that there is no significant relationship
between learning style and mathematics achievement of BSED Math Students, Pearson’s
Correlation Coefficient is use, eta correlation and Point-Biserial Correlation Coefficient
method will be use. The researcher will treat the data using MS Excel and SPSS software
and analyze it rankings, mean, and Pearson r. The hypothesis will be tested at a 0.05 level
of significance.
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