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Indoktrinasi di kelas, ngahijikeun eusi politik dina bahan diajar atanapi guru anu nyalahgunakeun kalungguhanana pikeun indoktrinasi siswa ngalawan tujuan pendidikan anu milari kabébasan mikir sareng mikir kritis.

Atikan nyaéta pangajaran pangaweruh, kaparigelan, jeung kabiasaan sakelompok jalma anu diwariskeun ti hiji generasi ka generasi saterusna ngaliwatan pangajaran, latihan atawa panalungtikan. Atikan mindeng lumangsung dina hidayah batur, tapi ogé mungkin dina dasar otodidak.[1] Étimologi kecap atikan sorangan asalna tina kecap Latin ducare, hartina "pikeun pituduh, langsung, atawa ngarah" jeung awalan e, hartina "pikeun kaluar". Jadi, atikan hartina kagiatan "ngarah kaluar". Sakur pangalaman anu gaduh pangaruh formatif dina cara jalma mikir, ngarasa, atanapi ngalaksanakeun tiasa dianggap pendidikan.[2]

Hak atikan geus diakuan ku sababaraha pamaréntah. Di tingkat global, Pasal 13 tina Perjangjian Internasional ngeunaan hak ékonomi, sosial jeung budaya ngakuan hak unggal jalma pikeun atikan.[3] Sanajan atikan wajib di kalolobaan tempat nepi ka umur nu tangtu, attending sakola mindeng teu latihan, sarta minoritas kolotna milih sakola ti imah, e-learning atawa atikan sarupa pikeun barudak maranéhanana.[4]

Sawangan

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Atikan dimimitan mangsa keur orok lahir sarta sapanjang hirup. Atikan ogé bisa dimimitian saméméh jabang bayi lahir saperti sababaraha "kolot" nu ngadengekeun lagu atawa maca buku mangsa kakandungan nu diharepkeun bakal méré atikan ka orokna. Kanggo sababaraha, perjuangan sareng kameunangan kahirupan sapopoe jauh langkung instruktif tibatan sakola formal Mark Twain: "Kuring henteu pernah ngantep sakola ngaganggu pendidikan kuring.") Anggota kulawarga ngagaduhan pangaruh pendidikan anu cukup jero - sering langkung jero tibatan anu dibayangkeun. — sanajan téknik pangajaran kulawarga bisa jadi kacida informal.

Atikan formal lumangsung nalika masarakat paheut pikeun ngadidik jalma, biasana jalma ngora. Atikan formal bisa jadi sistematis jeung komprehensif, tapi grup rojongan na bisa néangan kauntungan pribadi nalika ngawujud murid ngora gampang dipangaruhan.

Artikel ieu keur dikeureuyeuh, ditarjamahkeun tina basa Inggris.
Bantuanna didagoan pikeun narjamahkeun.

Life-long or dewasa education]] has become widespréad. Many dewasa have given up the notion that only anak kecil ren belong in sekolah. beberapa orang dewasa are enrolled in post-secondary education schools, both part-time and full time, where they are often classified as non-traditional students in order to distinguish them administratively from young adults entering directly from high school.

Computing devices can change when and where we léarn. This is the computer based or networked léarning structure, in which péople contribute to éach others' education. It is defined as online education (a subset of distance education), the European Graduate School as a University operates during the summer, it serves as a meeting point for péople that has participated in online forums through the academic yéar, this methodology is a bréak to the traditional educational system.

Categories

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Classical educationReadingMathLanguageScienceEthicsPhysical educationReligious educationMusic education

Challenges in education

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In well-developed countries

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  • Entertaining world distract student's attention
see Current issues in teaching
  • Program Evaluation Answering questions such as does education "work", or how to improve education.

In developing countries

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  • Small incomes of téachers
  • Péople unaware the importance of education
  • Economical pressure of parents who want their children to work as laborers
  • Program Evaluation

Formal education

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Early childhood educationPrimary educationSecondary educationTertiary educationQuaternary educationHigher educationVocational educationPost-secondary educationUniversityCollegeSchoolFurther education

Student activism

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Student activismStudent-led school changeStudent Developed Education Policy

Educational policy

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LiteracyTesting & policyEducation reformSchool choiceCharter schoolsMeaningful student involvementStudent voiceStudent Developed Education PolicySocial promotion

Informal and alternative education

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Early instructionHome schoolingUnschoolingLifelong educationDemocratic SchoolsAlternative schoolMontessori methodWaldorf schoolOnline educationDistance educationMuseumPlanetariumNature centerdeschoolingpolitical education

Extracurricular education

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Academic DecathlonUniversity Interscholastic League (UIL) – International science olympiad

Teori jeung metodologi

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Philosophy of educationTeaching methodInstructional theoryLearning theoryLearning disabilityInstructional technologyEducation PsychologyBehaviorismProblem-based learningActive learningOutcome-based educationReggio Emilia approachCooperative educationcollaborative learningTransformative learningexperiential educationSituated learningAdult educationCritical pedagogy

Atikan dumasar nagara

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Atikan dumasar ka nagaraDaftar sakola jeung paguron luhur dumasar nagara

Atikan jeung kolot

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Biograpi

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Rujukan

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  1. Dewey, John (1916/1944). Democracy and Education. The Free Press. pp. 1–4. ISBN 0-684-83631-9. 
  2. Nasution, Hanifah Nur; Nasution, Sari Wahyuni Rozi; Fauzi, Rahmad; Lubis, Ilham Sahdi (2021-12-20). "PELATIHAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI BORLAND DELPHI7 SMK NEGERI 1 ANGKOLA TIMUR" (dalam bahasa en). Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Aufa (JPMA) 3 (3): 144–147. ISSN 2715-0178. https://jurnal.unar.ac.id/index.php/jamunar/article/view/580.  Archived 2023-01-30 di Wayback Machine
  3. ICESCR, Article 13.1
  4. Sanova, Reja; Marniati dkk (2019). "SOSIALISASI PERSIAPAN PENDIDIKAN DI PANTI ASUHAN YATIM PIATU DI ERA NEW NORMAL". Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat (Kesehatan) 1 (2). http://www.jurnal.uui.ac.id/index.php/jpkmk/article/viewFile/860/433.