Re: Older life
"A civilisation twice as old as ours may exist, and would regard us as very primitive, not worth bothering with."
It would be interesting to see some papers on possible civilizations older than Earth.
In the beginning there was nothing, which then exploded and it took some time from that point to have stable H, He and a dash of Li. It took a few generations of stars to form, burn hot and then explode to create larger elements and for those to go off and condense into solar systems, etc. Lather, Rinse, Repeat.
I think we are limited in our thinking by not having examples of any other sort of life that isn't similar to what's on Earth (DNA, etc). Do we really need 1-92 inclusive to have complex life or would 1-60 be ok?That might lower the number of solar lifetime cycles before a system can form with enough building blocks. And then there's the whole Panspermia concept that give a hypothesis around something that could jumpstart life once a planet cools down and has the right conditions to support life (as we know it). We've collected free-floating amino acids, but we don't know for certain that they make a difference. They may just be something that's very easy to make through a self-folding mechanism. Organic chem/biology wasn't a big interest of mine since it doesn't often go boom.