by mohamed Abdelgaffar 誰ããã親åã«ãããçµé¨ãããå ´åããã®ç¸æãå°ã£ã¦ããæã«ä»åº¦ã¯èªåãç¸æãå©ãã¦ãæ©ãè¿ãããã¨ã¯ãå¤ãã®ç¤¾ä¼ã«ããã¦åºæ¬çãªé徳観念ã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã¾ããã人ã¯çã¾ãã¤ã親åã«ãããç¸æã«å¥½æãè¿ãèããæã£ã¦ãããã¨æã人ãããããããã¾ãããããåã©ãã¯åããæ©ãç¸æã«è¿ãã¨ããèããããå ã«ãæªæãåãã¦ããç¸æã«å ±å¾©ãããã¨ãç¿å¾ãã¦ãããã¨ããç 究çµæãçºè¡¨ããã¾ããã PsyArXiv Preprints | Paying back those who harmed us but not those who helped us: Direct negative reciprocity precedes direct positive reciprocity in early development https://psyarxiv.
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