æ°é±éã®ãã¡ã«ãã¤ã¿ãªã¢çµæ¸çºå±çã¯åé¨ããã¨ã¢ã³ãå·ã´ã§ã«ãã§ããªçã®ãã¥ãªã¼ãåååçºé»æã®ééãæçµçã«æ¿èªããäºå®ã ãç¶ãã¦ãã¬ãªããªã£ã¼ãï¼ãããªè¿éã®ã«ã¼ã«ã¿ï¼ãã«ãªã«ã½ï¼ã¤ã¿ãªã¢åé¨ãã¯ã¬ã¢ãã®è¿ãï¼ãã©ãã£ã¼ãï¼ãã¼ãè¿éï¼ã«ãé çªãåã£ã¦ããã ããã
解ä½ããã»ã¹ã¯2000年代åé ã«å§ã¾ã£ã¦ããã20å¹´ã¾ã§ã«çµäºããäºå®ã ã¨ãããã»ã¹ã®ç£è¦ãè¡ã£ã¦ããISPRAï¼Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientaleï¼ç°å¢ä¿è·ç 究æï¼ã¯èª¬æãã¦ãããé¤æä½æ¥ã«ãã£ã¦åãåºããã使ç¨æ¸ã¿æ ¸çæã¯ãã©ã³ã¹ã«éããããã©ã³ã¹ã¯ãã®å¾ãå¦çãããæ害å»æ£ç©ãã¤ã¿ãªã¢ã«è¿å´ããã
ã¤ã¿ãªã¢ã®é¸æã¯ãä¸çã®æ½®æµã«åãã¦ããããªããªããã»ãã®å½ã ã¯ãã®åé¡ãã¯ãããããã¨ãé¸ãã§ããããã ããããã¤ã¿ãªã¢ããã®é¸æãããããå¾ãªãã£ãã®ã¯ãå®å ¨æ§ã«é¢ããçåã«å ãã¦ãã³ã¹ãã®åé¡ãããããã ï¼ã¤ã¿ãªã¢ã§ã¯é»æ°æéã®ãªãã«ãæ ¸è² æ éãã¨ããåç®ãå«ã¾ãã¦ããã07å¹´ãã3åã«ãªã£ã¦ããï¼ããã ããã®ä¸æ¹ã§ãçºçããæ¾å°æ§å»æ£ç©ã®å½ã®æçµå¦åå ´ããã©ãã«ãã©ããã£ã¦ããã¤é ããããã¯æããã§ã¯ãªãã
çµæ¸çºå±çã®æ±ºå®ã¯ã7æ2æ¥ã«ISPRAèªèº«ã表æããè¯å®çãªè©ä¾¡ãåãã¦è¡ããããã®ã ãISPRAãçºè¡¨ãã声æã«ã¯ãã®ããã«ããããéè¦ãªè©ä¾¡ã§ãããåååçºé»æééã®å æ¬çè¨ç»ã®ããã«ã¤ã¿ãªã¢ã§ä¸ããããã®ç¨®ã®è©ä¾¡ã§æåã®ãã®ã¨ãªããã»ãã®ãã©ã³ãã«ã¨ã£ã¦ãåºæ¿ã¨ãªããã
ãã ãæ¾å°æ§å»æ£ç©ã¯ããµããããä¿ç®¡å ´æããªãããããã®ã¾ã¾æ®ãã ãããISPRAã«ããã°ãæ¾å°æ§å»æ£ç©ã¯åçºé»æã®å é¨ã§ãé©åãªä¸æ貯èµè¨åã®ä¸ã«ä¿ç®¡ããããã¨ãããããããããã«å±éºæ§ãã¤ã¾ãå°éãç«äºãæ¾å°æ§ç©è³ªã®æ¡æ£ãå¼ãèµ·ãããã¨ã¯ãªãã®ã ãããï¼
ã解ä½ã¯ãåååçºé»æã®å©ç¨ãçµãã£ããã¨ã®éè¦ãªãã§ã¼ãºã§ãããISPRAã®åååæ´»åç£è¦é¨éã®è²¬ä»»è ã©ã³ãã«ãã»ããããªããã¯ãã®ããã«èª¬æããããå®å ¨ãä¿è¨¼ããå°æ¥ã®ä¸ä»£ã«åé¡ãå¼ã延ã°ãã®ãé¿ããããã«è¡ããã¾ããããã«é¢ãã¦ã¯ãã¤ã¿ãªã¢ã®è²¬åã¯10å¹´åããå§ã¾ã£ã¦ãã¾ããããã¦ãEUæ³ä»¤ã¯æ¥å¹´ã¾ã§ã«å°å ¥ãã¹ãéå¶è¦ä»¶ãå®ãã¦ãã¾ãããããã解ä½ã¯ãã£ããã¨ããããã»ã¹ã§ãããªããªããã¨ãããä½æ¥è ã®å®å ¨ãä¿è¨¼ãããã¨ãå¿ è¦ã ããã§ããã¾ããæ¾å°æ§å´©å£ãå¾ ã¤æéãããã¾ãããããããã©ã³ãã解ä½ãããã¨ã¯ãå°æ¥æ¾å°æ§ç©è³ªã®æ¡æ£ãå¼ãèµ·ãããããããªãäºæ ã®ãªã¹ã¯ãæ¸ããããã«ãå¿ è¦ã§ããã
æ½å¨çã«ãç«äºã¯ç大ãªè¢«å®³ãå¼ãèµ·ãããããããªãããèªåè»ã§èµ°ã£ã¦ããã¨ãã«ãã¬ã¼ããå£ããã®ã¨åã確çã§ããããã§ãããããã¡ã¯ã¯ã«ãã使ãã®ãããã¾ããããããããå®éã®ã¨ããèªåè»äºæ ãå·»ãè¾¼ã人ã®æ°ã¯åãã§ã¯ãªãããå¨ãã®ç°å¢ã«ä¸ããå½±é¿ãç°ãªãã
å½¼ã¯ç¶ããããäºæ ãèµ·ããã¨ãã¦ããä½æ°ã«è¨±å®¹ãããæ¾å°ç·ã®æ大éãè¶ ããªãããã«è¨ç®ããã¦ãããæ¡ç¨ããã¦ããäºé²æªç½®ãããã®éçãè¶ ãããã¨ãåé¿ããã§ããããã
解ä½ä½æ¥ã¯ããã¥ãªã¼ãåååçºé»æã®å ´å5å¹´ãã10å¹´ãå¿ è¦ã¨ããã ããããããããããå§ãããã¨ãã§ããã®ã¯ã使ç¨æ¸ã¿æ ¸çæããã©ã³ã¹ã®ã©ã»ãã¼ã°ã®åå¦çãã©ã³ãã¸ç§»ãã¦ããã§ãæ¥å¹´ã«äºå®ããã¦ãããããã¦ãä¸é£ã®ä½æ¥ã®å®äºã¯ãå½ã®æçµå¦åå ´ã®å ´æ決å®ã¨å»ºè¨ã®å¾ã ãä»æ¥æ±ºå®ãããã¨ãã¦ãã10å¹´ããããããã ãããããã¯ããã©ã³ã¹ã¨ã®åå®ãå®ã£ã¦ããã¨ã§ããããã¡ã®æ害å»æ£ç©ãåãåãããã§ããã
ããããééã£ã¦ããã«ããæ£ããã«ããNIMBYã®å²å¦ï¼Not In My Back Yardï¼ããã¡ã®è£åºä»¥å¤ã§ãï¼çºç¥¥ã®å°ã¨ãªã£ã¦ãã¦ãé£åã§ãããèªåã®é¸æåºã§ã®æ¯æçã°ãããæ°ã«ããã¦ããå½ã«ããã¦ããããããã¨ãä¿¡ããããã ãããï¼
ã確ãã«ããã®ãããªåé¡ã«åãçµããã¨ã¯ãæ¿åºãæãã§ãããã¨ã§ã¯ããã¾ãããé©åãªå¨ç¥ã®ããã»ã¹ãå¿ è¦ã§ãããééããªã大ããªæ¿æ²»çæå¿ãå¿ è¦ã¨ãªãã§ãããã
ããã¦ãå¤ãã®è³éãå¿ è¦ã¨ãªãã ãããããããã¡ã¯ä½å¹´éããããé»æ°æéã¨ä¸ç·ã«æã£ã¦ããã解ä½ä½æ¥ããã§ã«å§ããSOGINï¼Società di gestione degli impianti nucleariï¼æ ¸ãã©ã³ã管çä¼ç¤¾ï¼ã¯ã50åã¦ã¼ãã®åºè²»ãæ ¸æ½è¨ã®é¤æä½æ¥ã®ããã«ã25åã¦ã¼ããå»æ£ç©ã®å½ç«ä¿ç®¡å ´ãè¨ç½®ãããã¯ããã¸ã¼ãã¼ã¯å»ºè¨ã®ããã«è¦ç©ãã£ã¦ããã
ãã®ãããã»ãã®å½ï¼ãã©ã³ã¹ãã¤ã®ãªã¹ãã¢ã¡ãªã«ï¼ã¯ãåé¡ã¨åãåããªããã¨ã決ããããããã2020å¹´ã«ã¯ä¸çã®ã»ã¨ãã©ãã¹ã¦ã®åååçºé»æã¯40æ³ã¨ãªãã解ä½ãããã°ãªããªãã ãããIAEAï¼International Atomic Energy Agencyï¼å½éåååæ©é¢ï¼ã«ããã°ãä»æ¥ã¾ã§ã®ä¸çä¸ã®ä½¿ç¨æ¸ã¿æ ¸çæã®ãã¡ãå ¨ä½ã®3åã®1ããåå¦çã¯è¡ããã¦ããããæ®ãã¯è²¯èµããã¦ããã¨ããã
è¦ããã«ããããããã¹ã¦ã®ãã¨ãããå¤ãã®åååçºé»æã«ã¯æ¾å°æ§å»æ£ç©ããã£ã¨æ®ãããé©åãªä¸æ貯èµè¨åã®ä¸ã«ä¿ç®¡ããããã®ã¯ãäºå®ããããä¸æçãã¨ã¯ãããªãã ããã¨èããããã
ãããã解決ã¯æ¥ãè¦ãããã¨ããã®ããããããã¡ã®æ¾å°æ§å»æ£ç©ã¯ããããã1970年代製ã®å¤ãåååçºé»æããã ãã§ãªããç é¢ãå·¥å ´ãç§å¦ç 究ã®å»æ£ç©ãããçããããã ã
ããããªããã¯èª¬æãããããã¾ã¯ããããã¯åéæ½è¨ã«ç½®ããã¦ãã¾ããä¾ãã°ããã¼ãã®è¿ãã«ã1ã¤ããã¾ããããããæçµå¦çã«ãµãããããã®ã§ã¯ããã¾ãããããããã¡ã¯ãããããå»æ£ç©ã1å¹´ã«æ°ç¾ç«æ¹ã¡ã¼ãã«ç£ã¿åºãã¦ãããä½åç«æ¹ã¡ã¼ãã«ãã®å»æ£ç©ãããããã¡ã¯ãã£ã¨ç©ã¿ä¸ãç¶ããã®ã§ããä¸é¨ã¯ãä¾ãã°å¤å½ã«éãããå§ç¸®ãããä½ç©ãæ¸ããã¦ã¤ã¿ãªã¢ã«è¿éããã¾ããããããä¸æçãªè²¯èµã«ãããããã¤ã®ã¯æ°åå¹´éã§ãããã次ã®åå¹´ã«ã¯ãæçµçãªå¦åãå¿ è¦ã¨ãªãã¾ããã
ããããåããã¨ã¯2003å¹´ã«ãè¨ããã¦ããããã®ã¨ãæ³ä»¤368å·ã¯ãå½ç«ã®å»æ£ç©ä¿ç®¡å ´ã®å»ºè¨ããå éãä¸è½ãã¨å®ç¾©ãã¦ã08å¹´12æ31æ¥ã¾ã§ã«å®æããããã¨ãå®ãã¦ããã®ã ã
TEXT BY MICHELA DELLâAMICO
PHOTOGRAPHS BY WIRED IT
TRANSLATION BY TAKESHI OTOSHI