LinuxCon 2015 Linux Kernel Networking Walkthrough
This presentation features a walk through the Linux kernel networking stack for users and developers. It will cover insights into both, existing essential networking features and recent developments and will show how to use them properly. Our starting point is the network card driver as it feeds a packet into the stack. We will follow the packet as it traverses through various subsystems such as p
パケット処ç†ã®ãƒžãƒ«ãƒã‚³ã‚¢ã‚¹ã‚±ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã«ã¤ã„㦠- Qiita
æ¦‚è¦ ã“ã®è³‡æ–™ã‚’見ã¦ã€ãƒ‘ケット処ç†ã®å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ã¨ãƒžãƒ«ãƒã‚³ã‚¢ã«ã‚ˆã‚‹ã‚¹ã‚±ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãŒæ°—ã«ãªã£ãŸã®ã§è‡ªåˆ†ã§ã‚‚調ã¹ã¦ã¿ãŸã“ã¨ã‚’ã¾ã¨ã‚ã‚‹. ã¯ã¦ãªã«ãŠã‘ã‚‹Linuxãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯ã‚¹ã‚¿ãƒƒã‚¯ãƒ‘フォーマンス改善 / Linux network performance improvement at hatena ã¾ãšä¸Šè¨˜è³‡æ–™ã‚’３行ã§ã¾ã¨ã‚る㨠å—信パケットã¯ãƒãƒ¼ãƒ‰å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ã¨ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆå‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ã‚’使ã£ã¦CPUã«å‡¦ç†ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ å—信パケットã®å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ãŒç‰¹å®šã®CPUã«ã—ã‹ã„ã‹ãšãƒžãƒ«ãƒã‚³ã‚¢ã‚¹ã‚±ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã—ãªã„å•é¡Œã«éé‡ RPS (Receive Packet Steering)を使用ã—ã¦ãƒžãƒ«ãƒã‚³ã‚¢ã§å—信パケットを処ç†ã—ãƒãƒ¼ãƒ‰ãƒãƒ©ãƒ³ã‚µãƒ¼ã®ãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯å‡¦ç†ã®æ€§èƒ½ã‚’å‘上ã•ã›ãŸ 資料を見ã¦ã„ã¦ä»¥ä¸‹ã®ç‚¹ãŒæ°—ã«ãªã£ãŸã®ã§ã€ã“ã“ら辺をスッã‚リã•ã›ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã«ã„ãã¤ã‹ã®è³‡æ–™ã‚’èªã¿ã€ã¾ã¨ã‚ã¦ãŠã 割り込ã¿ãŒç‰¹å®šã®CPUã«ã—ã‹ã„ã‹ãªã‹ã£ãŸç†ç”± RPS(Receiv
Intent-based retargeting | Datacratic
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How to achieve low latency with 10Gbps Ethernet
Good morning! In a recent blog post we explained how to tweak a simple UDP application to maximize throughput. This time we are going to optimize our UDP application for latency. Fighting with latency is a great excuse to discuss modern features of multiqueue NICs. Some of the techniques covered here are also discussed in the scaling.txt kernel document. CC BY-SA 2.0 image by Xiaojun Deng Our expe
Running Redis in production |
2014-11-11 00:00:00 -0800 Overview Redis is an excellent key/value cache that is used across many of Shokunin's customers. While redis is an great piece of software it is often difficult to obtain information about actually running it in production from an operational perspective. This article aims to discuss the necessary steps that ops teams should take before running redis in a production envir
ã€ç¿»è¨³ã€‘Aerospike on Amazon EC2 㧠100万TPS ã‚’ãŸã£ãŸ 1.68 ドル/時 ã§å®Ÿç¾ã™ã‚‹æ–¹æ³• | FAworksブãƒã‚°
原文: http://highscalability.com/blog/2014/8/18/1-aerospike-server-x-1-amazon-ec2-instance-1-million-tps-for.html (2014-9-25) Amazon EC2ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªã‚¯ãƒ©ã‚¦ãƒ‰ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ•ãƒ©ã‚¹ãƒˆãƒ©ã‚¯ãƒãƒ£ã‚µãƒ¼ãƒ“スã¯ã€ç‰¹ç†ã™ã¹ãæˆåŠŸã‚’åŽã‚ã¦ãã®ä¾¡å€¤ã‚’証明ã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚å¿…è¦ãªæ™‚ã«æ™‚é–“å˜ä½ã®èª²é‡‘ã§ã‚¹ã‚±ãƒ¼ãƒ«ã‚¢ãƒƒãƒ—ã§ãã‚‹ãã®å®¹æ˜“ã•ã¯ã€é–‹ç™ºè€…ã®å‰µé€ 性を解ã放ã¡ã¾ã—ãŸã€‚ã—ã‹ã—ã€ä»®æƒ³åŒ–環境ã¯é«˜æ€§èƒ½ãªã‚¢ãƒ—リケーションã¨ãƒ‡ãƒ¼ã‚¿ãƒ™ãƒ¼ã‚¹ã‚’実行ã™ã‚‹ãŸã‚ã®å ´æ‰€ã¨ã—ã¦ã¯åºƒã考ãˆã‚‰ã‚Œã¦ã„ã¾ã›ã‚“。 クラウド·プãƒãƒã‚¤ãƒ€ãƒ¼ã¯ã€ãã®è£½å“ãŒé•·ã„é“ã®ã‚Šã‚’経ãŸã¨ã¯ã„ãˆã€å½¼ã‚‰ã®ãƒ‘フォーマンスをå†ã³å¯©æŸ»ã™ã‚‹å¿…è¦ãŒå‡ºã¦ãã¾ã—ãŸã€‚ベアメタルサーãƒãƒ¼ä¸Šã® Aerospike ã§100万 TPS ã‚’é”æˆã—ãŸå¾Œã€ç§ãŸã¡ã¯ã€ã‚¯ãƒ©ã‚¦ãƒ‰ã®ãƒ‘フォーマンスを調
Linux: scaling softirq among many CPU cores
Some years ago I have tested network interrupts affinity - you set ~0 as a CPU mask to balance network interrupts among all your CPU cores and you get all softirq instances running in parallel. Such interrupts distribution among CPU cores sometimes is a bad idea due to CPU caches computational burden and probable packets reordering. In most cases it is not recommended for servers performing some T
Network Interrupts handling and monitor
Problem: We had a test case that shows network packets being dropped. The packets are dropped on TCP layer, not IP layer. And the behavior changes if we reboot the box. We have a westmere 2-socket 24-core(with hyper-thread enabled). Conclusion: When the network interrupts handling happens to land on the cores that handles softirq, that core(s) are stressed. It can not handle the work and drop
Kvm performance optimization for ubuntu
This document discusses various techniques for optimizing KVM performance on Linux systems. It covers CPU and memory optimization through techniques like vCPU pinning, NUMA affinity, transparent huge pages, KSM, and virtio_balloon. For networking, it discusses vhost-net, interrupt handling using MSI/MSI-X, and NAPI. It also covers block device optimization through I/O scheduling, cache mode, and a
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Lets cover some basic terminologies before we dig into Receive Side Scaling and Receive Packet Steering. Network Interface Card: A network interface controller (NIC) (also known as a network interface card, network adapter) is an electronic device that connects a computer to a computer network/ Modern NIC usually comes up with speed of 1-10Gbps. #Find your NIC speed [root@machine1 ~]# ethtool eth0
DMM inside
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2010å¹´9月ã«ã€ã‚ªãƒ©ã‚¯ãƒ«ç¤¾ã¯ã€Oracle Linux 5を使用ã—ãŸãƒ‡ãƒ—ãƒã‚¤ãƒ¡ãƒ³ãƒˆã«æŽ¨å¥¨ã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚«ãƒ¼ãƒãƒ«ã¨ã—ã¦Oracle Linux用ã®æ–°ã—ã„Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel (UEK)を公開ã—ã¾ã—ãŸã€‚Oracle Linux 5.5以é™ã‹ã‚‰ã€Red Hat互æ›ã‚«ãƒ¼ãƒãƒ«ã¾ãŸã¯UEKã®ã„ãšã‚Œã‹ã‚’使用ã§ãるよã†ã«ãªã‚Šã¾ã—ãŸã€‚Oracle Linux 5.6ã§ã€UEKã¯ãƒ‡ãƒ•ã‚©ãƒ«ãƒˆãƒ»ã‚«ãƒ¼ãƒãƒ«ã«ãªã‚Šã¾ã—ãŸã€‚ UEK作æˆã®ä¸»ãªå‹•æ©Ÿã¯ã€ExadataãŠã‚ˆã³Exalogicã«ã‚ˆã£ã¦ã‚¨ãƒ³ã‚¸ãƒ‹ã‚¢ãƒªãƒ³ã‚°ã•ã‚ŒãŸã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ 用ã®é«˜æ€§èƒ½ãªæœ€æ–°ã®Linuxカーãƒãƒ«ã‚’æä¾›ã™ã‚‹ã“ã¨ã§ã—ãŸã€‚カーãƒãƒ«ã¯ã€CPUã®æ•°ã€ãƒ¡ãƒ¢ãƒªãƒ¼ãŠã‚ˆã³ã‚¤ãƒ³ãƒ•ã‚£ãƒ‹ãƒãƒ³ãƒ‰æŽ¥ç¶šã®å¢—åŠ ã«å¿œã˜ã¦ã‚¹ã‚±ãƒ¼ãƒªãƒ³ã‚°ã™ã‚‹å¿…è¦ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã—ãŸã€‚ オラクル社ã§ã¯ã€è² è·ã®é«˜ã„Oracleワークãƒãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã§é›†ä¸çš„ã«UEKをテストã—ã¦ãŠã‚Šã€UEKã‚’Oracleデ
RX
02. RX. å—ä¿¡å‡¦ç† Linux ã§ã¯ï¼ˆä»–ã® OS ã‚‚ãã†ã§ã™ãŒï¼‰ã€å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ãƒãƒ³ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã¯è»½ã„ã‚‚ã®ã«ã—ã¦ãŠãã€æ™‚é–“ã®ã‹ã‹ã‚‹å‡¦ç†ã¯å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ãƒãƒ³ãƒ‰ãƒ©å¾©å¸°å¾Œï¼ˆå‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿è¨±å¯å¾Œï¼‰ã«è¡Œã„ã¾ã™ã€‚ã“ã®é…延処ç†ã¯ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ï¼ˆãƒœãƒˆãƒ ãƒãƒ¼ãƒ•ã¨ã‚‚言ã†ï¼‰ã¨å‘¼ã°ã‚Œã€ã‚¿ã‚¤ãƒžãƒ¼ã€ãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯ã®é€å—ä¿¡ã€tasklet ãªã©ãŒåˆ©ç”¨ã—ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚ （ソフトウェア割り込ã¿ã¨è¨€ã£ã¦ã‚‚ã€x86 ãŒã‚·ã‚¹ãƒ†ãƒ コールã§åˆ©ç”¨ã™ã‚‹ int 0x80 ã®ã‚ˆã†ãª CPU ã®ãƒˆãƒ©ãƒƒãƒ—機能ã§ã¯ãªãã€å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ã‚³ãƒ³ãƒ†ã‚スト上ã§ã€å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿è¨±å¯å¾Œã«å®Ÿè¡Œã•ã‚Œã‚‹ã‚³ãƒ¼ãƒ«ãƒãƒƒã‚¯é–¢æ•°ç¾¤ã§ã™ï¼‰ Linux ã® LAN ドライãƒã¯ã€å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ãƒãƒ³ãƒ‰ãƒ©ã§ã¯ã“ã®ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ï¼ˆNET_RX_SOFTIRQ）を起動ã™ã‚‹ã®ã¿ã«ã¨ã©ã‚ã€LAN コントãƒãƒ¼ãƒ©ã‹ã‚‰ã®ãƒ‡ãƒ¼ã‚¿å—ä¿¡ã‚„å„種プãƒãƒˆã‚³ãƒ«å‡¦ç†ã¯ NET_RX_SOFTIRQ 上ã§è¡Œã†ã‚ˆã†ã«ãªã£ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ï¼ˆNAPI）。 以
Multi-queue network interfaces with SMP on Linux
We hebben sinds dit artikel een nieuwe website gekregen. Wellicht ziet dit artikel er daarom niet zo uit zoals je zou verwachten. Als je denkt dat deze pagina erg nuttig is, en hij er niet mooi uit ziet of niet goed functioneert, neem dan contact met ons op. Building a router with Linux is a viable alternative to commercial products in many applications. In this article, we explore the process of
10GbE時代ã®ãƒãƒƒãƒˆãƒ¯ãƒ¼ã‚¯I/O高速化
10GbEã€40GbEãªã©ã®æ¥µã‚ã¦é«˜é€Ÿãªé€šä¿¡ã‚’サãƒãƒ¼ãƒˆã™ã‚‹NICãŒã€PCサーãƒã®é ˜åŸŸã§ã‚‚使ã‚れるよã†ã«ãªã£ã¦ãã¦ã„る。 ã“ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªé€Ÿåº¦ã®é€šä¿¡ã‚’ソフトウェア（OS）ã§å‡¦ç†ã—高ã„性能を得るã«ã¯æ§˜ã€…ãªéšœå®³ãŒã‚ã‚Šã€ãƒãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢ãƒ»ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢ä¸¡é¢ã®å®Ÿè£…を見直ã™å¿…è¦ãŒã‚る。 本セッションã§ã¯ã€ãƒãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢ãƒ»ã‚½ãƒ•ãƒˆã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢ä¸¡é¢ã«ã©ã®ã‚ˆã†ãªæ”¹è‰¯ãŒè¡Œã‚ã‚Œã¦ãã¦ãŠã‚Šã€æ€§èƒ½ã‚’引ã出ã™ã«ã¯ã©ã®ã‚ˆã†ã«ã“れらを使用ã—ãŸã‚‰ã‚ˆã„ã®ã‹ã«ã¤ã„ã¦ç´¹ä»‹ã™ã‚‹ã€‚Read less
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7. Network stack in 4.3BSD Process(User) Process(Kernel) HW Intr Handler SW Intr Handler パケットå—ä¿¡ プãƒãƒˆã‚³ãƒ«å‡¦ç† ソケット å—ä¿¡å‡¦ç† ãƒ¦ãƒ¼ã‚¶ プãƒã‚°ãƒ©ãƒ user buffer input queue socket queue パケット システムコール プãƒã‚»ã‚¹èµ·åºŠ ソフトウェア割り込ã¿ã‚¹ã‚±ã‚¸ãƒ¥ãƒ¼ãƒ« ãƒãƒ¼ãƒ‰ã‚¦ã‚§ã‚¢å‰²ã‚Šè¾¼ã¿ ユーザ空間ã¸ã‚³ãƒ”ー 13å¹´4月23æ—¥ç«æ›œæ—¥
Linux Kernel Documentation :: networking : scaling.txt
Based on kernel version 4.16.1. Page generated on 2018-04-09 11:53 EST. 1 Scaling in the Linux Networking Stack 2 3 4 Introduction 5 ============ 6 7 This document describes a set of complementary techniques in the Linux 8 networking stack to increase parallelism and improve performance for 9 multi-processor systems. 10 11 The following technologies are described: 12 13 RSS: Receive Side Scaling 1
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Chapter 8. Networking | Red Hat Product Documentation
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