ååã®ã¡ã¢ã§èªãã 第2ç« é¡5-6段è½ã«ã¤ãã¦ãèªè§£ã®ç¶ãã§ãã
â ã¡ã¢ã©ã³ãã 7ï¼ç¬¬2ç« ç¬¬5-6段è½ã®è£è¶³ï¼ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ï¼
 ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã®è°è«
ã¦ã¼ã«ã¯ãã²ã¼ã ãå®ç¾©ãããã¨ã®æå³ã説ãããã«ããã°ã©ã¹ã»ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã®æ¬ãããçç£çéåãã¨ããæ¦å¿µãåããæåãAãã®å®ç¾©ã®ä¾ãç´¹ä»ãã¦ããã
ã¦ã¼ã«ãå¼ç¨ãã¦ããããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã®è°è«ãè¦ã¦ãããã
ããã§è¨åããã¦ãããçç£çéåï¼productive setï¼ãã¨ã¯ããã°ã©ã¹ã»ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã®ãã¡ã¿ãã¸ãã¯ã»ã²ã¼ã ââç§å¦ã¨è¸è¡ã®ã¸ã°ã½ã¼ããºã«ãï¼ç«¹å
ééï¼æè¤åº·å·±ï¼çæ¡æå¼è¨³ãç½æ社ã1990ï¼ãDouglas R. Hofstadter, Metamagical Themas: An Interlocked Collection of Literary, Scientific and Artistic Studies, Basic Books, 1985ãã«ç¾ããè¨èã ã
å®éã«ã¯ããããªãµãã«æ¸ããã¦ããã
ã¡ã¿æ°å¦ã®ç¨èªã§ããã°ãä»»æã®æ¦å¿µä¸ã®ï¼ãããã¯æå³çãªï¼ã«ãã´ãªã¼ã¯çç£çãªéåã§ããã¨è¡¨ç¾ã§ãããããã¯åç¯ã®è¨è¿°ã«å¯¾å¿ããå³å¯ãªæ°å¦çæ¦å¿µã§ãã©ããªæéã®æç¶ãããã£ã¦ãã¦ããã®è¦ç´ ããã¹ã¦ãããªãæ°ãä¸ãããã¨ã¯ã§ããªãããã¤ãã¤ãã«ããè¤éãªæç¶ããã¨ã£ã¦ãããã§ãããè¿ä¼¼ãããã¨ãã§ãããããªéåãæãããã®ãããªéåã®åå¨ã¨ãã®æ§è³ªã¯ãä¸ä¹ä¸ä¸å¹´ã®ã²ã¼ãã«ã®ä¸å®å ¨æ§å®çã®çµæã¨ãã¦ãã¯ããã¦ä¸ã«ç¥ãããã
In metamathematical terms, this amounts to positing that any conceptual (or semantic) category is a productive set, a precise notion whose characterization is a formal counterpart to the description in the previous paragraphs namely, a set whose elements cannot be totally enumerated by any effective procedure without overstepping the bounds of that set, but which can be approximated more and more fully by a sequence of increasingly complex effective procedures. The existence and properties of such sets first became known as a result of this famous result...
ï¼é¦è¨³249ãã¼ã¸ï¼åæ¸pp. 261-262ããã ãä¸ç·ã¯å±±æ¬ã«ããï¼
ãçç£çéåï¼productive setï¼ãã¨ã¯ã¡ã¿æ°å¦ã®æ¦å¿µã§ããã
ä¸è¨é¦è¨³ã®ãã¡ããã©ããªæéã®æç¶ãããã£ã¦ãã¦ããã®è¦ç´ ããã¹ã¦ãããªãæ°ãä¸ãããã¨ã¯ã§ããªãããã¨ããé¨åã¯å°ãæ°ã«ãªãã®ã§ãåæã«å³ãã¦èªãã§ã¿ãããåæã¯ä¸ã«ãæ²ããããã«ããæ¸ãã¦ããã
a set whose elements cannot be totally enumerated by any effective procedure without overstepping the bounds of that set
Â
ã©ããªå®è¡å¯è½ãªãå¹æçãªãæç¶ããç¨ããã¨ãã¦ãããã®éåã®å¢çãè¶ãããã¨ãªããã¦ãè¦ç´ ãå®å ¨ã«ã¯æ°ãä¸ããããªããããªéå
é¦è¨³ã§ã¯ãæå³ãã¦ããåç
§ãã¦ããåæ¸ã®çãã¡ããã®ããåæã«ããâ without overstepping the bounds of that setâã«ç¸å½ããæããªãããã«è¦ããï¼ç§ãè¦ã¦ããé¦è¨³ã¯1990å¹´9æ25æ¥çºè¡ã®ç¬¬1ç第2å·ï¼ã
ã¾ããâeffective procedureâãé¦è¨³ã§ã¯ãæéã®æç¶ããã¨ãã¦ãããè¾æ¸çã«ç´è¨³ããã°ãå¹æçãªæç¶ãããæå¹ãªæç¶ãããå®å¹çãªæç¶ããã¨ãªãã ããããç¾å¨ã®è¨ç®æ©ç§å¦ã§ã¯ããå®è¡å¯è½æç¶ããã¨è¨³ãããããããããã£ã¨ããæç¶ããæéã§ãªããã°ãç§ãã¡äººéã«ãããæ§è½ã«éãã®ããã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã«ãããå®è¡ã§ããªãããã ãããçµæçã«ã¯ãæéã®æç¶ããã¨ãã£ã¦ãããã®ã ããã
Â
ãã®ç¹ã®ç解ã®ããã«ãè¨ç®æ©ç§å¦ã®æç§æ¸ãããâeffective procedureâã®èª¬æãå¼ç¨ãã¦ã¿ãã
ãï¼ç¥ï¼è¨ç®å¯è½æ§ã®æ¦å¿µã¯ãåã«æ°å¤è¨ç®ã«éå®ããããã®ã§ã¯ãªããä¸è¬ã«ããæ©æ¢°çã«å®è¡ã§ããæç¶ãï¼procedureï¼ã¨ã¯ãã¥ã¼ãªã³ã°æ©æ¢°ã®åä½ã¨ãã¦è¨è¿°ã§ãããã®ã§ãããã¨ã¿ãªãããããã«ãªã£ã¦ãããã¨ãã«ãããåé¡ã解ãããã®æç¶ããããããªãå ·ä½ä¾ã«å¯¾ãã¦ãå¿ ããã¤ãã¯åæ¢ãã¦çµæãåºããã¨ãä¿è¨¼ããã¦ããå ´åããã®æç¶ãã¯å®è¡å¯è½ï¼å¹æçï¼æç¶ãï¼effective procedureï¼ãããã¯ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ï¼algorithmï¼ã¨ãã°ããã
ããã¨ãã°ãä¸ããããå®ä¿æ°ã®1å 1次æ¹ç¨å¼ax + b = 0ã解ãåé¡ãèããã¨ããããã解ãæç¶ãã¯æããã«åå¨ããã©ã®ãããªå®ä¿æ°aãbãå ·ä½ä¾ã¨ãã¦ä¸ãããã¦ãï¼ããªãã¡ãä»»æã®æ¹ç¨å¼ã«å¯¾ãã¦ï¼ãå¿ ã解ãåºãã¦åæ¢ãããã¨ãã§ããããããã£ã¦ããã®æç¶ãã¯ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ã§ããã
ï¼å¯ç°æ¦æ¬¡ï¼æ¨ªæ£®è²´ããªã¼ãããã³ã»è¨èªçè« ç¬¬2çãï¼å森åºçã2013ï¼ã178ãã¼ã¸ããã ãä¸ç·ã¯å±±æ¬ã«ããï¼
Â
ã¤ã¾ããã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã使ã£ã¦æ°å¦ã®åé¡ã解ããããªå ´åãæéã®æç¶ãï¼ä¾ãã°ãæ°å¼ã«å¯¾ããæä½ï¼ã«ãã£ã¦çããåºããå ´åããã®ãããªæç¶ãããå®è¡å¯è½æç¶ããã¨ããå¹æçæç¶ããã¨ããããã§ããã
ããã¯è±èªã®"effective procedure"ã訳ãããã®ãè£è¿ãã¦ããã°ãæéã®æç¶ãã§ã¯çããåºããªãåé¡ããããã¨ãããã¨ãå«æããã¦ãããè¦ããã«ãæ°å¦ã®ããåé¡ã«ã¤ãã¦ãæéã®æç¶ãã§è§£ãã¾ããã解ãã¾ããããã¨ããåºå¥ããã話ã ããã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ãã¨ããèªã¨è¨ãæããããã¨èª¬æããã¦ããã
ââã¨ããè£è¶³ãè¸ã¾ãã¦ãå
ã»ã©ã®ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã®å¼ç¨ãä»åº¦ã¯æ訳ã§è¦ç´ããã
ã©ããªå®è¡å¯è½ãªãå¹æçãªãæç¶ããç¨ããã¨ãã¦ãããã®éåã®å¢çãè¶ãããã¨ãªããã¦ãè¦ç´ ãå®å ¨ã«ã¯æ°ãä¸ããããªããããªéå
Â
å®è¡å¯è½ãªæç¶ãã§ã¯ãè¦ç´ ãå®å ¨ã«æ°ãä¸ããããªããããªéåããã£ã¦ããããããã®ããçç£çéåï¼productive setï¼ãã¨å¼ã¶ããã§ãããå®éã«ã¯ãèªç¶æ°ã«é¢ãã話ãå¾ã«è§¦ããããã«ããããæåãAãã«ã¤ãã¦ç¨ããã®ã¯ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ãè¿°ã¹ã¦ããããã«æ¯å©ã§ããã
ï¼ï¼ï¼ï¼ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã¯ãªãçç£çéåã«ã¤ãã¦è«ãã¦ããã®ã
ã¨ããã§ãããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã¯ããªãçç£çéåã«ã¤ãã¦è«ãã¦ããã®ããããã§ã¦ã¼ã«ãä¾ã«æãã¦ããæåãAããé¢ãã£ã¦ããã
å
ã»ã©ã®å¼ç¨ã¯ãããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã®ãã¡ã¿ãã¸ãã¯ã»ã²ã¼ã ãã®ç¬¬13ç« ãã¡ã¿ãã©ã³ããã¡ã¿æ°å¦ãããã¦ã¡ã¿æèãã¨é¡ãããæç« ãåºæã ã£ãããã®ç« ã§ã¯ãããã«ãã»ã¯ãã¼ã¹ã«ãããã¡ã¿ã»ãã©ã³ãã®æ¦å¿µï¼The Concept of a Meta-Fontï¼ããæ¤è¨ããã¦ããã
ã¯ãã¼ã¹å
çã¨ããã°ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ç§å¦ã®ä¸çã§ã¯ç¥ãã¬è
ã®ããªã大å
çãå½¼ã¯æ°å¼ãå«ãæç« ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã§ç¾ããå°å·ã§ããããã«ããTEXã¨ããã·ã¹ãã ã®ä½è
ã¨ãã¦ãç¥ããã¦ããã
ï¼ä½è«ââç§ã¯1990å¹´ã«å¤§å¦ã«å ¥å¦ãããç§ãéã£ããã£ã³ãã¹ã§ã¯ãã¬ãã¼ãã¯ãã¹ã¦LaTeXã¨ããã½ããï¼ã¨ãããè¨èªï¼ãç¨ãã¦ä½æãããã¨ã義åã¥ãããã¦ããã¨æãããããã«ãã®è¨èªã使ã£ã¦ã¬ãã¼ããæ¸ãã¨ãæ°å¼ãè注ãªã©ããããã«ã¤ãããã®ã§ããã®ã ããå½æã¯ãªããããªé¢åãªãã¨ãããã®ã ãããã¨çåã«æãããããããã¯ãã¼ã¹å çãèªèº«ã¯ãèªåã®å¿ è¦ãããã®ããã°ã©ã ãæ¸ããã¨ãããã¨ãå¾ã§ç¥ããæ¹ãã¦TeXã®ããããããæãç´ããã¨ãããã¨ããã£ããã¨ã¯ããã ã®æãåºè©±ï¼
Â
ã¡ã¿ã»ãã©ã³ãï¼Meta-Fontï¼ã¨ã¯ããããã¾ãã¯ãã¼ã¹å çãèãããã¨ã®ä¸ã¤ããã£ããã ãããã¡ã¿ã»ãã©ã³ãã®æ¦å¿µãã®åé ãèªãã§ã¿ããï¼ãããããã¨ããã¦ãããããå ã«é²ã¾ãªãã®ã ã£ãâ¦â¦ï¼ã
ãã¢ãªã¹ããã¬ã¹ã®å²å¦ä½åã«ãã¡ã¿ãã£ã¸ã¯ã¹ããå½¢èä¸å¦ãã¨ç§°ããããã®ãããããªãããå¼ã°ãããã¨ããã°ããã®æ¬ã¯ãå½¼ã®èä½ã並ã¹ãéã®æ £ç¿ã§ãããã£ã¸ã¯ã¹ããèªç¶å¦ãã®å¾ãã«ç½®ãããããã§ããã20ä¸ç´ã«ãªã£ã¦ã人ã³ã¨ã¯ããã®ã®ãªã·ã¢èªã®æ¥é è¾ããã¨ãã¨ã©ããªæå³ã ã£ãããå¿ãã¦ãã¾ã£ã¦ããããã¡ã¿ï¼meta-ï¼ãã¨ã¯ããã®èªã§ä¿®é£¾ããããã®ãªããªãã§ãããããã«è¶ è¶è«çãªæ§è³ªãä»ãå ãããã®ã ããä¾ãã°ããã¡ã¿ãµã¤ã³ãã¸ã¼ï¼ç²¾ç¥ã¯ãããå«ãã§ãã身ä½ã¨ã©ãé¢ä¿ãã¦ããããç 究ããåéï¼ãã¡ã¿å¿çå¦ããã¡ã¿ãã»ããã£ã¯ã¹ï¼æ°å¦ã®æ ¹æ ã®ç 究ï¼ãã¡ã¿æ°å¦ãè¶ æ°å¦ããã¡ã¿ãªã³ã°ã¤ã¹ãã£ã¯ã¹ï¼è¨èªãã©ã®ããã«æåã¨é¢ãããã®ç 究ï¼ãã¡ã¿è¨èªå¦ããªã©ããããã¡ã¿æ°å¦ã§ã¯ãã¡ã¿å®çï¼å®çã«ã¤ãã¦ã®å®çï¼ã証æãããã¾ããã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ç§å¦ã§ã¯ã¡ã¿è¨èªï¼è¨èªãè¨è¿°ããè¨èªï¼ã使ããã¨ãå¤ãããã¡ã¿ããé ã«ã¤ãæ°ããé èªã¯ãç¾ä»£ã®ç§ãã¡ãç©äºãå¤å´ãããããæ½è±¡çãªæ°´æºããè¦ããã¨ããå¾åãåæ ãããã®ã§ãç§ãã¡ã¯ããããã£ããæ·±ãç解ã§ããã¨æããã
ãããããæå³ã§ãã¡ã¿ã»ãã©ã³ããã¨ã¯ãåã«ãã©ã³ããæãã ãã§ãªãããã©ã³ãã»ãã¡ããªã¼ãã©ã®ããã«è¨è¿°ãããã¨ããå³å¼ã®ãã¨ã§ãããããããè¨è¿°ã§ã¯ãæåãæãæç¶ãã«ã¤ãã¦ããããæ£ç¢ºãªã«ã¼ã«ãä¸ãããã®ã ãã¾ãããã®ã«ã¼ã«ã¯ãçæ³çã«è¨ãã°ãå¤åãããã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ã¨ãã¦è¡¨ç¾ãããã ãããããã§ãåä¸ã®è¨è¿°ã¯å®éã«ã¯ãããããã®ç°ãªã£ããæåã®ãæç»ã«ã¤ãã¦ãã®æ¡ä»¶ãæå®ãããããããããã§ãã¡ã¿ã»ãã©ã³ãã®ã«ã¼ã«ã¯ããã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ã®è¨å®ã«ãã£ã¦ãæ§ã ãªç°ãªãåã ã®ãã©ã³ããå®ç¾©ããã ããã
ï¼Knuth, âConcept of a Meta-Font,â in Visible Language, XVI 1, Winter 1982, p.3ï¼
Â
ââã¨ããå ·åã§ãã¡ã¿ã»ãã©ã³ãã¨ã¯ãä¸ç¾¤ã®ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ã«ãã£ã¦ãã¾ãã¾ãªãã©ã³ããæãããã®ã«ã¼ã«ã®éã¾ãã¨ãã£ã¦ããã ããã
ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã¯ããã®ã¯ãã¼ã¹å
çã®è«æã®ä¸»å¼µããã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã®åºç¾ã«ãã£ã¦ããããæåã®å½¢ãçµ±ä¸çã«æ±ããã¨ãå¯è½ã«ãªãã¤ã¤ãããã¨æ¡å¼µããä¸ã§ããã®è¦ç¹ã次ã®ããã«ã¾ã¨ãã¦ããã
ï¼ï¼ï¼ããã¨ãããããAãã¨ããæåã®å½¢ã®ä¸ã«å¯ä¸ã®ç©¶æ¥µçãªæ½è±¡å½¢ãAããåå¨ãããããæéåã®ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ããã£ãã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ã¨ãã¦è¨è¿°ã§ããââæéåã®ããã®ä»ããã½ããã¦ã§ã¢æ©æ¢°ã¨ã§ãå¼ã¹ããããªãã®ã®åå¨ãï¼ããã¨ãããããã«èªç±åº¦ãã¾ãã¯ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ã¨ãã£ã¦ããããï¼
Â
ï¼ï¼ï¼ããã¦èããããã¹ã¦ã®åã ã®ãAãã¯ããã®æ©æ¢°ã®ãããããå¤ã«åããããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦å¾ãããã¨ãããã¨ã
 ï¼é¦è¨³248ãã¼ã¸ï¼åæ¸p.261ï¼
Â
ãããããã«ãæéåã®ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ã§ããããããAãã¨ããæåãæãããã®ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ï¼å®ç¾å¯è½ãªæç¶ãï¼ãã¤ããããã¨è¦ç´ãã¦ãããã ããã
Â
ããã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ãã¨ããèªãåããã¥ãããããããªããããã¯æ°å¦ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã®åéã§ã¯ãå 容ãå¤åããå¤æ°ã®ä¸ç¨®ãä¾ãã°ãè»ã¨ãããªãã¸ã§ã¯ãããä½ç½®ãéããé度ã¨ãã£ãå¤åããå¯è½æ§ã®ããè¦ç´ ã§è¡¨ç¾ãããããªå ´åããããã®ä½ç½®ãéããé度ãªã©ãããã®è»ã®ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ãªã©ã¨ç§°ãããããã
ï¼å³ï¼å¤æ§ãªãAãã®å½¢ããã¡ã¿ãã¸ãã¯ã»ã²ã¼ã ãããï¼
Â
ã¤ã¾ããã¯ãã¼ã¹å çã¯ããã©ã³ãã¨ãããã®ããæéã®ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ï¼å 容ãå¤åããå¤æ°ï¼ã®éåä½ã¨ãã¦è¡¨ç¾ã§ããããããªãããã¨ææ¡ãã¦ããããã§ããããããããã§ããã°ããã©ã³ããæ§æããå種ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿ã®å 容ï¼æ°å¤ï¼ãå¤ãããã¨ã§ãããããªãã©ã³ããèªåçã«ä½ãã¡ããã§ããããã¨ãã話ã ã
ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã¯ãã¯ãã¼ã¹å
çèªèº«ã¯ããã¾ã§è¨ã£ã¦ããªãããã¨æã£ãä¸ã§ããã®è°è«ããããã¨ãããããAãã¨ããæåãçæããã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ãã¨ããå
·åã«è¨ãæãã¦ãããããã¦ããããããã¨ã¯ä¸å¯è½ã§ããã¨ããã®ãããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã®è¦ç«ã¦ã ã
ãæåAãã¨ãããããªã«ãã´ãªã¼ã«ãã£ã¦å®ããããã空éãå ¨ä½ãåãã¤ãããã¨ã¯ç¡éã®åµé åãå¿ è¦ã¨ããæ¥ã§ãã£ã¦ãæéã®åå¨ï¼æ©æ¢°çãªã¡ã«ããºã ã§ããçããã®ã§ããï¼ã«ã¯ããã£ãã¦ãã¹ã¦ã®å¯è½ãªãAããããã¦ãAãã ããçæãããã¨ã¯ã§ããªãï¼ç¥ï¼ã¨ç§ã¯æã£ã¦ããããã§ããã
ã人çã¯æéã ãã誰ãç¡éã®åµé ããããã¨ã¯ã§ããªããã¨ãããããã¾ãã®ãã¨ããã£ã¦ããã®ã§ã¯ãªãããã¨ãã°ãæåAãã¨ããã«ãã´ãªã¼ã®ï¼ç¡éã«å¤ãã®ï¼å ·ä½ä¾ã®ãã¹ã¦ãçè«ä¸ã¯çæã§ãããããªããç§å¯ã®å¦æ¹ç®ãã誰ããã¤ãã¨ã¯ã§ããªãã¨ããèªæã§ã¯ãªã主張ããã¦ããã®ã§ãããå®éããããªå¦æ¹ç®ã¯åå¨ããªãã¨ãå¥ã®è¨ãæ¹ãããã°ãç¡éã®æéãä¸ãããã¦ããªããèãããã¨ã®ã§ãããã¹ã¦ã®ãAããæ¸ããââããªãã¡ãããªãã®å¦æ¹ç®ã®è½åããã«ã«å¼ãã ããã¨ãã§ããââã¨ãã¦ãããAãã®å¼µã空éã®ã»ã¨ãã©ã®é¨åã¯ã«ãã¼ã§ããªãã¨ãããã¨ã§ããã
 ï¼é¦è¨³249ãã¼ã¸ï¼åæ¸p. 261ï¼
Â
ãç§å¯ã®å¦æ¹ç®ãã®åèªã¯âsecret recipeâã§ããç§å¯ã®å¦æ¡ãã¨ããæãã§èªãã§ãããã ããã
ããã¯ã¨ããããããããåæããã£ã¦ãã¦ã¼ã«ãå¼ç¨ãããçç£çéåãã®è°è«ãåºã¦ããããã§ãããä¸è¨ã«ç¶ãç®æã¯ãå ã»ã©ãå¼ç¨ããããä»åº¦ã¯æ訳ã§æ¸ãã¦ã¿ããã
ã以ä¸ã®ãã¨ãã¡ã¿æ°å¦ã®ç¨èªã§ããã°ãå®è³ªçã«ãã©ããªæ¦å¿µï¼ãããã¯æå³ï¼ã®ã«ãã´ãªã¼ãçç£çéåã§ããã¨ä»®å®ãããã¨ã«çãããçç£çéåã¨ã¯ãå³å¯ãªæ¦å¿µã§ããããã®æ§è³ªã¯ãå段è½ã®è¨è¿°ã«å½¢å¼çã«å¯¾å¿ãã¦ãããã¤ã¾ããã©ããªå®è¡å¯è½ãªãå¹æçãªãæç¶ããç¨ããã¨ãã¦ãããã®éåã®å¢çãè¶ãããã¨ãªããã¦ãè¦ç´ ãå®å ¨ã«ã¯æ°ãä¸ããããªããããªéåã§ããããã ããå®è¡å¯è½ãªæç¶ããã ãã ãã¨è¤éã«ãã¦ãããã¨ã§ããã£ããããè¿ä¼¼ã§ããã
Â
ããã¦ãããããçç£çéåã¨ãããã®ã¯ãã²ã¼ãã«ã®ä¸å®å ¨å®çã®çµæã¨ãã¦åºã¦ãããã®ã ãã¨ãã次第ãããã§ã¯çç¥ããããããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã¯ãããã«ç¶ããã ãã§ãã²ã¼ãã«ã®å®çã«ã¤ãã¦ãè¬ããç¨ãã¦è§£èª¬ãã¦ããã
ããã«ç¶ãã¦è¿°ã¹ããã¦ãã次ã®æç« ãèªãã§ããã¨ãã¦ã¼ã«ããªããçç£çéåãã¨ããæ¦å¿µãæ´ç¨ãããã¨èããã®ãããç解ãããããªããããããªãã
ãä¸ããããã·ã¹ãã ã§ã¯è¨¼æã§ããªãççã追å ãããã¨ã«ãã£ã¦ãã¡ãã£ã¨ã°ããå¼·åãªã·ã¹ãã ãä½ããã¨ãã§ãããããããã®ã·ã¹ãã ãããã¨ã®ã·ã¹ãã åæ§ãã²ã¼ãã«ã®éåããéãããã¨ã¯ã§ããªãã諺ã§æåãªãªã©ã³ãã®å°å¹´ããæ¼ããé¨åãæã§ãããããã³ã«æ°ããæ¼ãå£ãåºç¾ãããããªå ¤é²ãæ³åãã¦ã¿ãããå½¼ã«ç¡éã®æããã£ãã¨ãã¦ããå ¤é²ã®å£ã«ã¯å½¼ã®æã§ãããããã¦ããªãé¨åããããã§ãè¦ã¤ãããã¨ãããã ããå°ãªãã¨ãä¸ã¤ã®è¨¼æã§ããªãççãå«ãã·ã¹ãã ã®ãã¨ãä¸å®å ¨ã§ããã¨ãããã©ããã£ã¦ããã®ä¸å®å ¨ãããéããããªãã¨ããæ¬è³ªçã«ä¸å®å ¨ã¨ããããã®ã¾ã£ããããããã»ã©é åºãªæ§è³ªããã£ãéåã®ãã¨ãçç£çã¨å¼ã¶ã®ã§ããï¼ããããã¯ãã¸ã£ã¼ã¹ã®æ¬åç §ï¼ã
ããæå³çãªã«ãã´ãªã¼ã¯çç£çãªéåã§ãããã¨ããç§ã®ä¸»å¼µã¯ããã¡ããæ°å¦çã«è¨¼æã§ããäºå®ã§ã¯ãªããä¸ã¤ã®æ¯å©ã§ãããç§ä»¥åã«ããã®æ¯å©ã使ã£ã人ãã¡ããããã¨ãã«è«çå¦è ã®ã¨ãã¼ã«ã»ãã¹ããã¸ã§ã³ã»ãã¤ãã«ãããã§ãããããã¦ãç§èªèº«ã以åããã®ãã¨ã«é¢ãã¦æ¸ãããã¨ãããï¼ç¬¬23ç« åç §ï¼ã
ï¼é¦è¨³251ãã¼ã¸ï¼åæ¸p.263ï¼
ã¨ããå
·åã§ãããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã¯ãçç£çéåã¨ããã¡ã¿æ°å¦ã®æ¦å¿µããä¸ç¨®ã®æ¯å©ã¨ãã¦ä½¿ã£ã¦ããããã§ããããããæ¯å©ã§ãããã¨ã«æ³¨æãããã
å½¼ãããã§åç
§ããã¨è¿°ã¹ã¦ããæç®ã¯ã次ã®ã¨ããã
â Hartley Rogers, Jr., Theory of Recursive Functions and Effective Computability (MIT Press, 1967)
Â
â Emil L. Post, âAbsolutely Unsolvable Problems and Relatively Undecidable Propositions: Account of an Anticipation,â in The Undecidable, edited by Martin Davis, Raven, 1965, pp. 338-443
Â
â John Myhill, âSome Philosophical Implications on Mathematical Logic: Three Classes of Ideas,â Review of Metaphysics 6, no. 2 (Desember, 1952), pp. 165-198
Â
ç¹ã«ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼ã«ãã以ä¸ã®ä¸»å¼µã¯ãã¦ã¼ã«ã®è°è«ã«è¿ãå½¢ããã¦ããããã«æãã
ã©ããªã«å¤ãã®å¤ç¨®ãï¼ãã¨ãã°ï¼ãã«ããã£ã«ãã¨ããæ¸ä½ãã«è¿½å ãã¦ãã£ãã¨ãã¦ãã人ã¯ãã¤ã§ãã¾ã£ããæ°ããæãããããªãã£ãå¤ç¨®ãæãã¤ããã¨ãã§ããââãã¨ãã°ä¸¸åãã«ããã£ã«ã飾ãä»ã丸åãã«ããã£ã«ããã¬ã¢ä»ããã«ããã£ã«ã¨ãããµãã«ã
Â
ãã©ããªã«ããããã®ããââãããã¯ããã«æ°ããããã®ã¯ã³ã»ããââããã«ããã£ã«æ©æ¢°ã«è¿½å ããã¨ãã¦ããå¿ ãããã¤ãã®å¯è½æ§ãæããã¦ãã¾ãã®ã ãç§ãã¡ã¯ãæéã®ãã©ã¡ã¼ã¿åã§ã¯äºæ¸¬ãããªãæ°ãããã«ããã£ã«ã®å¤ç¨®ãæ°¸é ã«çºæãããã¨ãã§ãããï¼ç¥ï¼æ¢åã®åä½ãããã³ããå¾ã¦ããã«ããã£ã«ãæ°ããæ¹æ³ã§å¤å½¢ãããã®ããããã§ãæ³åãããã¨ãã§ããã
 ï¼é¦è¨³259ãã¼ã¸ï¼åæ¸pp. 271-272ããã ãããå ã¯å±±æ¬ã«ããè£è¶³ï¼
Â
ããã§ã¯ãã«ããã£ã«ã¨ããåä½ã¨ãã®å¤ç¨®ã«ã¤ãã¦è¿°ã¹ããã¦ããããããã²ã¼ã ã«ç½®ãæãã¦èªãã°ãã¦ã¼ã«ãè¨ããã¨ãã¦ãããã¨ã«è¿ããã¾ããæä¸ã®ããããã¯ãã²ã¼ã ã«å ±éã®æ§è³ªã¨èªã¿æ¿ããã°ããã
Â
â é¢é£ãªã³ã¯
âæ¥æ社ä¼å¦ > ãã¤ã§ã¹ãã¼ã»ã¦ã¼ã«ããã¼ããªã¢ã«ãèªæ¸ä¼ã
ãhttp://socio-logic.jp/events/201706_Half-Real/
â é¢é£æç®
âDonald E. Knuth, The Concept of a Meta-Font (1982)ãpdfã
Â
ãã¼ããªã¢ã« âèå®ã®ããã ã®ãããªã²ã¼ã
- ä½è : ã¤ã§ã¹ãã¼ã»ã¦ã¼ã«,æ¾æ°¸ä¼¸å¸
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: ãã¥ã¼ã²ã¼ã ãºãªã¼ãã¼
- çºå£²æ¥: 2016/09/30
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: åè¡æ¬
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã° (7件) ãè¦ã
Half-Real: Video Games between Real Rules and Fictional Worlds (MIT Press) (English Edition)
- ä½è : Jesper Juul
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: The MIT Press
- çºå£²æ¥: 2011/08/19
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: Kindleç
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã°ãè¦ã
ã¡ã¿ãã¸ãã¯ã»ã²ã¼ã âç§å¦ã¨è¸è¡ã®ã¸ã°ã½ã¼ããºã«
- ä½è : ãã°ã©ã¹ã»R.ããã¹ã¿ãã¿ã¼,Douglas R. Hofstadter,竹å éé,çæ¡æå¼,æè¤åº·å·±
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: ç½æ社
- çºå£²æ¥: 2005/10/01
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: åè¡æ¬
- è³¼å ¥: 5人 ã¯ãªãã¯: 47å
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã° (41件) ãè¦ã
ãªã¼ãããã³ã»è¨èªçè« [第2ç]
- ä½è : å¯ç°æ¦æ¬¡,横森貴
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: 森ååºç
- çºå£²æ¥: 2013/12/20
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: åè¡æ¬ï¼ã½ããã«ãã¼ï¼
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã° (2件) ãè¦ã
- ä½è : ããã«ãã»E.ã¯ãã¼ã¹,Donald E. Knuth,鷺谷好è¼
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: ASCII
- çºå£²æ¥: 1994/03
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: åè¡æ¬
- ã¯ãªãã¯: 2å
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã° (4件) ãè¦ã
Theory of Recursive Functions and Effective Computability (MIT Press)
- ä½è : Hartley Rogers
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: The MIT Press
- çºå£²æ¥: 1987/04/22
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: ãã¼ãã¼ããã¯
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã°ãè¦ã
- ä½è : Mathematics,Prof. Martin Davis
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: Dover Publications
- çºå£²æ¥: 2004/02/18
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: ãã¼ãã¼ããã¯
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã°ãè¦ã
ã²ã¼ãã« ä¸å®å ¨æ§å®ç (岩波æ庫)
- ä½è : ã²ã¼ãã«,ææ,å «ææºå©å
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: 岩波æ¸åº
- çºå£²æ¥: 2006/09/15
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: æ庫
- è³¼å ¥: 17人 ã¯ãªãã¯: 122å
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã° (65件) ãè¦ã
Â
ä»åã®è°è«ã«ç´æ¥é¢ããããã§ã¯ãªãããè¿å¹´åºãé¡æ¸ãããÂ
ã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ã¿ã¯æ°å¦è ã«ãªããã®ãï¼
- ä½è : ç §äºä¸æ
- åºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼: éå社
- çºå£²æ¥: 2015/06/24
- ã¡ãã£ã¢: Kindleç
- ãã®ååãå«ãããã°ãè¦ã
Â
Â