 The Jesuits sent in old professor at the Ateneo,

Fr. Francisco de
RIZAL’S LIFE, EXILE, ARREST AND EXECUTION
Paula Sanchez – to entice him back to the church
 Jose Rizal’s arrival in Manila on June 26, 1892  Rizal fell in love with the eighteen- year old
had become very sensational among the Josephine Bracken
Filipinos. His popularity feared the Spaniards,  Rizal and Josephine tried to have themselves
and such paid careful attention to his every married in Catholic rites but Fr. Obach required
move – all houses where he had been were that Rizal retract his beliefs.
searched and the Filipinos seen in his company  Rizal’s relatives and friends looked at Josephine
were suspected. with suspicion and condescension,
 As he had planned, on July 3, 1892 he founded
Pablo Mercado – a spy of the friars who posed as
the La Liga Filipina in the house of Doroteo
Rizal’s relative ( Florencio Namaan – his true name)
Ongjunco in Tondo, Manila.
Pio Valenzuela – an emissary of Andres Bonifacio, he
RIZAL’S EXILE
was asking for advice on how to launch a revolution. He
 Four days after the civic organization’s offered to have the Katipunan assist him in escaping
foundation, Jose Rizal was arrested by the from Dapitan.
Spanish authorities on four grounds:
 Rizal objected to the projected revolution, the
1. for publishing anti-Catholic and anti-friar books and revolutionaries must have enough arms and
articles; weapons.
2. for having in possession, a bundle of handbills, the Pobres
Frailes, in which advocacies were in violation of the Spanish THE END OF THE DAPITAN EXILE
orders;
3. for dedicating his novel, El Filibusterismo to the three  When Cuba was under revolution and raging
“traitors” (Gomez, Burgos and Zamora) and for emphasizing yellow fever epidemic, Rizal wrote to Governor
on the Novel’s title page that “the only salvation for the General Ramon Blanco offering his service as a
Philippines was separation from the mother country military doctor.
(referring to Spain)”; and
4. for simply criticizing the religion and aiming for its Governor General Ramon Blanco - He approved the
exclusion from the Filipino culture. request of Rizal on July 1, 1896

RIZAL’S EXILE IN DAPITAN  At the Midnight of that day, he left aboard the
steamer Espania
 July 17, 1892 – Rizal, together with his guard
 He stayed in Dapitan for four years, thirteen
Captain Ricardo Carcinero, arrived in Dapitan.
days and a few hours.
 Rizal was given the choice to live in the house of
 August 19, 1896 – The Katipunan plot to
the Parish priest, Fr. Antonio Obach or at
overthrow the Spanish rule by means of
Carcinero’s house.
revolution, it was discovered by Fr. Mariano Gil
 He could live in the priest’s quarters only if:
after Teodoro Patino’s disclosure of
 He publicly retracted his masonic and
organizations secrets.
antichurch beliefs
 At that time, Katipunan was already discovered
 He regularly participate in church rites
and the Philippine Revolution was already
 He conduct himself as a good Spanish subject
raging.
and a man of religion.
 August 26, 1896 – Bonifacio and Katipunan
 Both men betted on the lottery and won 20,000
raised the cry of Revolution (Sigaw sa
pesos Lottery Ticket Number: 9736
Pugadlawin) in the hills of Balintawak, a few  The court judged Rizal guilty for the charges and
miles North of Manila. voted for the death penalty.
 In the afternoon, governor general Blanco  December 28, 1896 Governor Gen. Polavieja
proclaimed a state of war in the first eight signed Rizal’s death warrant ordering him to be
provinces for rising arms against Spain shot at 7:00 am in the morning at Bagumbayan.
 Manila, Bulacan, Cavite, Batangas, Laguna,  Rizal signed it saying that he was innocent.
Pampanga, Nueva Ecija and Tarlac
RIZAL’S FINAL DAYS
 Rizal Received letters from Governor General
Blanco which absolved him from all the blame  Rizal was transferred to the prison chapel
for the raging revolution.
Fr. Iguel Saderra Mata, rector of the Ateneo Municipal
 He transferred to Isla de Panay which was
and Fr. Luis Viza.
sailing for Barcelona, Spain
Fr. Balaguer remained with Rizal around noon.
ARREST AND TRIAL
Mi Ultimo Adios
 Sept. 30 – the Isla de Panay had already sailed
Past Port Said in Egypt and was now sailing in  At the 3 o’clock in the afternoon, Fr. Balaguer
the Mediterranean returned and tried to persuade Rizal to Retract
 A telegraphic message was received ordering his Masonic beliefs but Rizal remained firm
that Rizal be placed under arrest.  After he left, Rizal’s mother and sisters arrived
 Rizal gave an alcohol stove to Trinidad which
Bernardino Nozaleda – Archbishop of Manila who
was a gift from Pardo de Tavera and whispered
clamored for the arrest of Rizal who was said to be the
to her in English “ there is something inside”
spirit of Philippine Revolution
 He also told her to look inside his shoes after he
October 3 – the Isla de Panay arrived in Barcelona and is executed.
Rizal was sent to a prison-fortress, Montjuich Castle  At around 10:00, a draft of retraction arrived
from Archbishop Bernandino Nozaleda.
 Rizal’s interview with Despujol he would be
 Another draft of retraction was made by Fr. Pio
shipped back to Manila.
Pi- the superior of the Jesuit Mission in the
 On the night of the same day, after the
Philippines
interview, Rizal was taken aboard the colon
 At 11:30, Rizal signed his retraction from the
which was located with Spanish troops sailed
freemasonry and it was witnessed by Juan del
for Manila.
Fresno – the chief of the guard detail and the
Lt. Luis Traviel de Andrade – the lawyer of Jose Rizal adjutant of the Plaza elroy Moure
and brother of his former bodyguard Jose Traviel de  After signing, Rizal had confession with Fr.
Andrade Vilaclara and rested afterwards.
 At 5:00 am, Rizal had his last breakfast,
 Rizal was charged with three crimes: rebellion,
autographed his remaining books which became
sedition and formation of illegal associations
his last souvenirs.
 December 13 - the case was forwarded to Gov.
Gen. Camilo de Polaviejareplacement of Gov. Fr. Balaguer – he performed the marriage rites or Rizal
Blanco and Josephine
 Rizal’s actual trial began on December 26, 1896
 Rizal gave a book to Josephine, Imitacion de
and it was held at the hall of banners of the
Cristo by Thomas Kempis which he
Cuartel de Espania in Fort Santiago
autographed.
 In defending himself, Rizal presented twelve
arguments
 Afterwards, he wrote three farewell letters : to
Parents, To Dr. Blumentritt and To Paciano.
 At around 6:30, Rizal was taken from cell and
the march to Bagumbayan began
 A colonel took Rizal to the site of his execution
 Rizal had requested to firing squad to spare his
head which was granted.
 He also requested to be shot at his front, but it
was denied\
 Dr. Felipe Ruiz Castillo took Rizal’s pulse and
found that it was normal.
 Consumatum Est
 The commanding officer ordered his men to aim
by means of his saber and there was a
simultaneous crack of gunfire and Jose Rizal
made one last effort to drop on his back with his
face facing the sun
 The Spanish spectators shouted Viva Espania!
 The military band played Marcha de Cadiz
 Rizals Body was secretly buried at Paco
cemetery were later it was traced by his sister
 The remains of Rizal’s were cleaned in Higino
Mercado’s house in Binondo and were given to
Dona Teodora
 His remains were laid to rest inside the Rizal
monument in Lucena.