Worksheet for Versions of Pugad Lawin

Pio Valenzuela Santiago Alvarez Gregoria de Jesus Olegario Diaz Guillermo

(Guardia Civil) Masangkay

Author’s Pio Valenzuela was Santiago Alvarez Gregoria de Jesus Olegario Diaz was Guillermo
Background born on July 11, 1869 born on July 25, was born on May 9, born on February Masangkay was
in Polo, Bulacan 1872 in Imus, 1875 in Caloocan. 16, 1850. He was born on June 25,
(present day Cavite. He was a Gregoria was the the Spanish 1867 in Tondo,
Valenzuela City). He revolutionary wife of Andres commander of the Manila. He had no
was a Filipino general and the Bonifacio and she Guardia Civil formal education.
Physician and a major founder and was also the brave Veterana of Manila Yet, he had a strong
figure during the honorary President and patriotic who investigated intellectual drive.
Philippine Revolution of the Nacionalista woman who played the discovery of the Although he was
against Spanish Party. Known as a heroic role in the Katipunan. only a bangkero, or
colonizers. On July 7, “Kidlat ng Apoy” Philippine boatman, he
1892, he entered the due to his inflamed Revolution. She became fluent in
Katipunan, a secret bravery and was the first Spanish and deeply
society established by dedication as Filipino woman to aware of the
Andres Bonifacio in commander of the join the Katipunan. political and social
Tondo, Manila and he famous battle of Oriang and her conditions of his
also secretly Cavite. He rose to ninang, Benita time. Masangkay
established Katipunan Captain General Rodriguez y Javier was one of the first
branches in many then later became sewed Katipunan’s members of the
areas in Morong. Commander-in-Chi first flag. She Katipunan. He was
Using stolen styles ef of the accompanied her only 17 when he
from the Diario de Magdiwang forces. husband into the joined the
Manila, Valenzuela On October 30, mountains, where underground
assisted Emilio 1930, at age of 58, he was fighting, and society. He also
Jacinto in establishing he died in San shared the became a good
the Katipunan paper, Pablo City due to hardships and friend and a
Kalayaan. He served paralysis. He was sacrifices of a personal counsellor
as the first mayor of buried at San Pablo patriot's life with of Andres
the municipality of Municipal him. The Bonifacio.
Polo before he Cemetery. Lakambini of Masangkay was
became the governor Katipunan, Oriang also a general in the
of Bulacan province. died of heart Philippine-America
He died on April 6, disease on March n War. On May 30,
1956 at the age of 86. 15, 1943. 1963, age 95, he
died.

When was the The account was The account was The account was The version of this The account was
account written on August 23, written on August written on August was written in a written on August
written?(Context) 1896. The historian 24, 1896, but it is 25, 1896. This book in 1925 26, 1896 by the
Teodoro Agoncillo stated that Santiago version is owned by entitled “The Katipunan General
said in 1956 that it Alvarez was not an none other than Filipino Guillermo
took place in Pugad eyewitness of the Lakambini of the Revolution” by a Masangkay. He is
Lawin at the said time said event, that is Katipunan which is historian which is also an eyewitness
based on Pio why his version the wife of Andres Teodoro Kalaw, that of the historic
Valenzuela’s was not given an Bonifacio, she was according to Lt. event.
statement. equal value a participant of the Olegario Diaz the
compared to the event and she is the “cry” took place in
other versions keeper of the secret Balintawak on
because the other documents of the August 25, 1896.
authors are actually katipunan.
part of the historic
event.
❖ Caloocan - ❖ Nearby ❖ House of
where they town of Apolonio
Mention of Places ❖ Balintawak - ❖ Barn of returned Caloocan - Samson,
first place of Kabesang immediately where Balintawak
refuge of Melchora, when its Bonifacio and cabeza
Andres Sampaluka existence and his of that
Bonifacio, n, - barrio of was followers barrio of
Emilio Bahay Toro, discovered hurriedly Caloocan -
Jacinto, where and some of fled. a big
Procopio Katipuneros the ❖ Balintawak meeting was
Bonifacio, met together members - barrio held on
Teodora Plata, on August were where August 26,
Aguedo del 23, 1896. arrested. Bonifacio 1896.
Rosario, and ❖ La Loma - moved on ❖ Bulacan,
Pio where she August Cabanatua
Valenzuela. went when 23,1896 n, Cavite,
❖ House and she fled followed by and
yard of town at 11 200 men Morong
Apolonio o’clock from (now Rizal)
Samsom at secretly Caloocan - delegates
Kangkong - going from and where from here
first place the rice the Supreme were present
where some fields with Council at the said
500 members the intention called for a meeting.
of the of returning big meeting ❖ Bagumbaya
Katipunan met to Manila. on August n - where
on August 22, 25, 1896. some of
1896. ❖ Outskirts their
❖ Pugad Lawin of countrymen
- house, Balintawak were shot.
store-house, - where they ❖ Manila -
and yard of were where
Juan Ramos, attacked by Bonifacio
son of the Guardia sold
Melchora Civil on bamboo hats
Aquino, August 24, wove by
where over 1896. him during
1,000 ❖ Manila, his spare
members of Cavite, time.
the Katipunan Nueva ❖ Bank of a
met and Ecija, and small creek
carried out other - where
considerable provinces - Masangkay
debate and where the guards the
discussion on orders for places
August 23, the where the
1896. Katipuneros Spaniards
were sent to were to pass
strike at in order to
dawn on reach the
August 30, meeting
1896. place of the
Katipuneros
.

Key Personalities
❖ Dr. Pio ❖ Santiago ❖ Gregoria de ❖ Captain ❖ General
Valenzuela Alvarez – a Jesus – wife Olegario Guillermo
❖ Governor Prominent of Supremo Diaz – Masangkay
General Katipunan and the Spanish ❖ Apolonio
Ramon warlord of “Lakambini commander Samson
Blanco Cavite of the of the ❖ Bonifacio
❖ Mariano Katipunan” Guardia ❖ Emilio
Alvarez – ❖ Andres Civil Jacinto
❖ Francisco Father of Bonifacio - Veterana of ❖ Aguedo del
Olive – the Santiago The Manila Rosario
Spanish ❖ Gregoria de Supremo ❖ Bonifacio ❖ Tomas
investigator Jesus – Wife Remigio
❖ Andres of Andres ❖ Briccio
Bonifacio Bonifacio Pantas
❖ Emilio Jacinto ❖ Masangkay ❖ Teodor Plata
❖ Procopio ❖ Samson ❖ Pio
Bonifacio ❖ Valenzuela Valenzuela
❖ Teodoro Plata ❖ Melchora ❖ Enrique
– Bonifacio’s Aquino Pacheco
Brother-in-law ❖ Andres ❖ Francisco
❖ Aguedo del Bonifacio Carreon
Rosario
❖ Briccio Pantas
❖ Alejandro
Santiago
❖ Apolonio
Samson
❖ Juan Ramos
❖ Melchora
Aquino
❖ Enrique
Cipriano
❖ Alfonso
Pacheco
❖ Tomas
Remigio
❖ Sinforoso San
Pedro

Sequencing of
events
(separate sheet)

Differences According to Dr. Pio According to According to According to Lt. According to

between the five Valenzuela who Santiago Alvarez Gregoria de Jesus, a Olegario Diaz, a Guillermo
accounts who was a participant of this Spanish guardia Masangkay who
happened to be an was an eyewitness
well-known event and the civil,:
eyewitness himself of of the historic event
katipunero in keeper of the secret ❖ The first
the event, these are and a childhood
Cavite: documents of the “Cry” friend of Bonifacio:
the facts: ❖ The first Katipunan,: happened in ❖ The first
❖ The prime “Cry” ❖ The first rally of the
Balintawak
staging point happened in “Cry” Philippine
on August Revolution
of the “Cry” Sampalukan happened
25, 1896. happened at
was in , barrio of near
❖ The initial Balintawak
Balintawak Bahay Toro Caloocan on on August
meeting was
and was held on Monday, August 25, 26, 1896
held at ❖ The events
on August 24, 1896.
barrio on were all
Wednesday, 1896. ❖ There were
August 23, from the
August 26, ❖ The initial little to no
1896 with same day,
1896. meeting was details about
200 August 26,
❖ The initial held at the meeting
members of 1896.
meeting was Sampalukan given. No
the ❖ All the
held in the , barrio of numerical
Katipunan details
house and Bahay Toro. data of how
only. within the
yard of The final many
Apolonio Katipuneros account was
Samson at meeting was were there, ❖ The meeting about the
Kangkong on held at the and no dates was said to events that
August 22, big barn in of when the be delayed transpired
1896 with 500 the same meeting due to being within the
members. The place on the happened. attacked by meeting. It
final meeting next day. Only the a guardia stated the
was held at ❖ The events date of civil which most
Pugad Lawin were shared when the happened on information
on the next from a first cry was August 24, about the
day, with 1000 perspective recorded. 1896. overall
katipuneros.. of one that ❖ Was a ❖ The final events.
❖ The accounts did not third-party meeting and
were written witness the witness of cry then
after time had event. the event happened on
passed, using ❖ Too concise (wife of a August 25,
whatever or without Katipunero 1896. There
memory was any bias as but not a were 5000
left from it was Katipunero). who
experiencing written attended
the event (as based purely this.
part of the on what was ❖ The only
Katipunan). passed account that
down and was written
heard (was by an enemy
not a of the
witness). Katipunan.
YOUR OWN Dr. Valenzuela’s This version written As a feminist, I like It is very obvious Among the five
ANALYSIS of
account of the by the prominent how this version that Spanish versions presented,
the differences
between the five controversial “Cry of Katipunan warlord, gave importance to Commander and Guillermo
accounts
Pugad Lawin,” is not Santiago Alvarez, the role of Gregoria Captain, Olegario Masangkay’s
one I would rely on. could have not been de Jesus, the wife of Diaz, speaks version looks the
While considering the made any shorter. Andres Bonifacio unfavorably to the most promising. Let
fact that he was While it is good aka the “Supremo.” Katipuneros. The me provide 3 points
physically involved that he had no However, the reason is very that helped me
and present in the agendas and details given about obvious and given arrive at my
context, I would still directly stated the the “Cry,” were so as well. However, conclusion: first,
say that it was not a needed information, subtle and limited. compared to the Masangkay is a
good and clear it seems as though While it is nice to first three versions, Katipunan General,
version. The main the account was hear the side of an this is by far the hence, he was
reason behind my lacking. This outsider, we must most detailed and present and
declaration is that he version has holes not forget that our satisfying version. involved during the
was inconsistent with such as when main agenda is to Details from before meeting. Second, he
the information he Alvarez failed to at extract information until the end of the presented complete
was giving out. Upon least mention some about the historical first “Cry” were information that
his imprisonment in of the men involved event. Moreover, I completely set on was never
Fort Santiago, he told in the said meeting. have noticed that in the table for us. mentioned in any
the Spanish Moreover, he failed this version, the Diaz’s unfavor tone other versions;
investigator, to mention who was uprising was of voice on this information such as
Francisco Olive, that what he mentions claimed to have version is that Plata, Pantas,
the “Cry” was staged as the “Supremo.” I occurred on the understandable, and Valenzuela
on the 26th of August mean, it is not basic 25th of August Withal, this brings were all opposed to
1896, at Balintawak. knowledge that 1896, near me to wonder if this the idea of revolting
However, on the Andres Bonifacio is Caloocan, which is version is indeed earlier and
latter, he took it back otherwise known as different from the credible unprepared. And
and claimed that the the “Supremo,” mentioned dates of considering the fact third, the version
“Cry” was actually at right? Finally, as the previous two that the source was able to present
Pugad Lawin, on the compared to Dr. versions. clearly belongs to events after the said
23rd of August 1896. Valenzuela’s the opposing party. meeting. This
Moreover, I have version, they version is
noticed how the key differed on the date impressingly
personalities were of the “Cry” and as complete that even
scattered throughout well as the shouts the style of the
the account. It would of the men upon Supremo got
have been better if tearing up their exposed. However,
they were mentioned cedulas. For Pio a new date was
at once. Finally, I Valenzuela’s presented:
think the account was version, he claimed Masangkay claims
brief and concise. that the “Cry” that the meeting
However, it would happened on happened on the
have not hurt to have August 23, 1896 26th of August
a little more and the men 1896. This activity
information such as shouted “Long live made me realize
the before and the the Philippines! that having lots of
after. Long live the different versions of
Philippines!” a single historical
Meanwhile, on this event is frustrating.
version of Santiago Instead of actually
Alvarez, the analyzing which is
meeting was held the credible source,
on August 24, 1896 you end up
and the shout criticizing which of
executed was the presented
“Long live the Sons versions is probable
of the Country!” to be credible.
Sequence of Events

Pio Valenzuela Santiago Alvarez Gregoria de Jesus Olegario Diaz Guillermo

Masangkay

1. Andres 1. On August
Bonifacio, 23, 1896 1. Activities of 1. The first
Emilio (Sunday), the Katipunan “Cry” 1. On August
Jacinto, 500 had reached occurred 26, 1896,
Procopio Katipunero nearly all at The big
Bonifacio, s arrived as corners of the Balintawa meeting was
Teodoro early as 10 Philippines k on held in
Plata, am to join archipelago. August Balintawak
Aguedo del Andres 2. Its existence 25, 1896. with the
Rosario Bonifacio was 2. Bonifacio purpose of
arrived in and his men discovered and and his discussing
Balintawak in the barn some members men fled when the
on August of were arrested to the uprising
19, 1896. Melchora so they nearby would take
Pio Aquino in immediately town of place.
Valenzuela Sampaluka returned to Caloocan. 2. Teodoro
arrived a n at the Caloocan. 3. On Plata,
day after. barrio of 3. Andres August Briccio
2. The 500 Bahay Bonifacio and 23, 1896, Pantas, and
members of Toro. other they Pio
Katipunan 2. With 1,000 Katipuneros moved to Valenzuela
arrived on Katipunero left the town the barrio opposed
August 22, s waiting, after some of starting the
1896 and the days. Balintawa revolution
met in the Supremo 4. On August 25, k followed early. They
house and held a 1896 the by 200 reasoned
yard of meeting uprising men from that people
Apolonio inside the began, with Caloocan. would be in
Samson at barn at 10 the first cry for 4. August distress if
Kangkong. in the freedom. 24, 1896 the
Here, views morning of 5. Gregoria de They were revolution
were only August 24, Jesus fled attacked were started
exchanged 1896. town at 11 by the without
and no 3. On the o’clock at Guardia adequate
resolution same day, night, going Civil. preparation.
was the meeting through the 5. The 3. ·
debated/ado adjourned rice fields of Supreme Bonifacio
pted. at 12 pm La Loma to Council left the hall
3. Over 1,000 amidst loud return to called for and talked
members of cries of Manila. a big to the
the “Long Live 6. Gregoria de meeting to people
Katipunan the Sons of Jesus was be held on outside that
met and the treated like an August the leaders
carried out Country” apparition and 25, 1896 were
considerable (Mabuhay every house where arguing
debate and ang mga that she had 5,000 against
discussion Anak ng visited was members stating the
in the house Bayan!) severely attended. revolution
of Juan punished and 6. The early.
Ramos, son some were meeting 4. He asked
of Melchora exiled. discussed the people
Aquino at 7. After the the course to give a
Pugad outbreak of the that should pledge that
Lawin on Revolution in be taken in they were to
the day of August 1896, the face of revolt.
August 23, she went to the new 5. They tore
1896. Here, live with her situation their cedulas
they parents in and in as a formal
discussed Caloocan, declaration
whether or while Andres view of of the
not the Bonifacio and the arrests separation
revolution his men that were from
against the gathered in the being Spanish
Spanish hills of made.. rule.
government Balintawak for 7. Some 6. After the
should be the war of even people’s
started on liberation. wanted to pledge was
August 29, 8. When she was surrender obtained,
1896. warned that to the Bonifacio
4. After the the Spanish Spanish returned to
tumultuous authorities authorities the hall.
meeting on were coming Bonifacio 7. He
August 23, to arrest her, strongly informed
1896, many she fled to opposed everyone to
of those Manila then the course. the Board of
present tore joined her 8. Bonifacio Directors
their cedulas husband in the wanted to what
and shouted mountains. start the happened
“Long live revolution and also
the at once voted for
Philippines! and let revolution.
Long live people 8. On the same
the vote; his day at 5 pm,
Philippines! cause was they had
” approved warning that
5. After the by an Spaniards
outbreak of overwhel are coming.
the ming 9. The
Philippine majority. Katipuneros
revolution, 9. fought the
Pio Guardia
Valenzuela Civil and
abandoned The orders later, a huge
the were sent fire broke
revolutionar out to out.
y cause and Manila,
fled to Cavite,
Binan, Nueva
Laguna for Ecija, and
safety. other
6. Valenzuela provinces
returned to for the
Manila on Katipuner
September os to strike
3, 1896 and at dawn.
surrendered
to Governor
General
Ramon
Blanco. He
was
imprisoned
in Fort
Santiago,
where, upon
investigatio
n, told the
Spanish
authority
that the
“Cry” was
staged at
Balintawak
on
Wednesday
of August
26, 1896.
7. Much later
and with
fading
memory,
Valenzuela
wrote in his
memoirs
that the
“Cry” was
held at
Pugad
Lawin on
August 23,
1896.