Activity 2.

I. Answer the following questions.

1. How did Pigafetta travelogue contribute immensely to the enrichment of Philippine

Historiography?

 During the voyage Pigafetta served as Magellan’s assistant and kept a journal

accounting everything that seemed fascinating and foreign to him. This journal would later be

used as a reference for many history related works. Pigafetta kept an extensive collection of

data gathered from the places that they have visited.

2. What is the important information about the account of Antonio Pigafetta in his book “First

Voyage around the World” to the Filipino history?

 Pigafetta’s work is important not only as a source of information about the voyage itself,

but also includes an early Western description of the people and languages of the Philippines.

Of all the accounts of the first circumnavigation, by far the most important is that Venetian,

Antonio Pigafetta, Pigafetta’s account is not only the most valuable and authentic of the few

contemporary and early relations of the famous voyage, but is also the only source of

information for many details of that voyage. Probably no other historical documents are more

universally accepted by students as the final authority regarding the actual events with which it

deals.

3. Discuss the relevance of the Pigafetta’s account to the contemporary times.

 The importance of this achievement was sufficiently appreciated so that several

contemporary accounts of the expedition were soon written and published, including reports by

Magellan's own men as well as accounts based on interviews with them . The longest and by far

the most important of the narratives is the one by Antonio Pigafetta. This author, though not a
professional seafarer, sailed with the expedition and was one of the fortunate eighteen who

returned to Spain in Juan Sebastián del Cano's "Victoria" following Magellan's death in battle in

the Philippines.
Reference:

Contribution of Antonio Pigafetta to the First Voyage

https://www.coursehero.com/file/43485904/Contribution-of-Antonio-Pigafetta-to-the-First-

Voyagedocx/

Philippine E-journals https://ejournals.ph/article.php?id=10573

Magellan’s Voyage around the World: Three Comtemporary Accounts

https://www.questia.com/library/1979570/magellan-s-voyage-around-the-world-three-

contemporary
II. Make a research on the following selected topics. Make sure to use primary sources as much

as possible for your references:

1. Kartilya ng Katipunan

2. Raider of the Sulu Sea

Background of the Author

The Kartilya ng Katipunan served as a guidebook for new members of the organization,

which laid out the group’s rules and principles. The first edition of the Kartilya was written

originally by the Brains of the Katipunan or the “Utak ng Katipunan”, Emilio Jacinto. Lately,

Andres Bonifacio wrote a revised Decalouge. The Decalouge, titled “The Duties of the Son of

the People”, was never published because Bonifacio believed that Jacinto's Kartilya was

superior to what he had made. In admiration of Emilio Jacinto’s literary style, Bonifacio would

later adopt Jacinto’s Kartilya as the official teachings of the Katipunan. Similar to the Decalogue,

the Kartilya was written to introduce new recruits to the principles and values that should guide

every member of the organization.

Emilio Jacinto was born on December 15, 1875 inn Tondo, Manila. He was the only son

of a man named Mariano Jacinto and a woman named Josefa Dizon . Shortly after he was born,

his father passed away. This untimely death forced his mother to send Emilio to live with his

uncle, Don Jose' Dizon. His mother believed that his uncle could care for the young Emilio

better then she could after the death of Mariano. He attended San Juan de Letran College, and

later transferred to the University of Santo Tomas to study law. Manuel Quezon, Sergio

Osmeña and Juan Sumulong were classmates. He did not finish college and, at the age of 19,

joined the secret society called Katipunan.

After Bonifacio's execution, Jacinto pressed on with the Katipunan's struggle. Like

General Mariano Álvarez, he refused to join the forces of General Emilio Aguinaldo, the leader

of the Katipunan's Magdalo faction. Jacinto lived in Laguna and also joined the militia fighting

the Spaniards. Emilio Jacinto died on April 16, 1899 at the age of 24. The cause of his death at
such a young age was malaria, which he had contracted while in Majayjay, Laguna. The

remains of his body were transferred from this location to Manila where he was laid to rest in

Manila North Cemetery. He was married to Catalina de Jesús, who was pregnant at the time of

his death.

THE KARTILYA

The Kartilya ng Katipunan written by Emilio Jacinto serves as the guidebook or new

members of the organization, which laid out the group's rules and principles. Andres Bonifacio

adopted Kartilya ng Katipunan in replacement for his Decalogue titled “Duties of the Son of the

People” which was used to indicate the doctrines of Katipunan.

THE DEKALOGO AND THE KARTILYA

When the Katipunan was institutionalized, Anders Bonifacio wrote a decalogue that

contains 10 rules every Katipuneros must observe at all times. The decalogue contains the law

of Katipunan which is proper to all Katipuneros who joined the militia. The following is the

Decalogue written by Bonifacio.

I. Ibigin mo ang Dios ng buong puso.

(I.   Love God with all your heart.)

II. Pakatandaang palagi na ang pag-ibig sa Dios ay siya ring pag-ibig sa Tinubuan, At iyan din

ang pag-ibig sa kapwa.

(II. Bear always in mind that the love of God is also the love of country, and thiis, too, is love of

one's fellow-men)

III. Itanim sa iyong puso na ang tunay na kahalagahan ng puri’t kaginhawaan ay ang ikaw’y

mamatay dahil sa ikaliligtas ng Inang Bayan.

freedom of your country)

IV. Lahat ng iyong mabuting hangad ay magwawagi kapag ikaw’y May hinahon, tiyaga,

katwiran at pag-asa sa iyong inasal at ginawa.

(IV. All your good wishes will be crowned with success if you have serenity, constancy, reason,

and faith in your acts and endeavor.)

V. Paginagatan mo, kapara ng pag-iingat sa sariling puri Ang mga pasya at adhikain ng K.K.K

(V. Guard the mandates and aims of the K.K.K. as you guard your honor.)

VI. Katungkulan ng lahat na ang nabibingit sa malaking kapahamakan Sa pagtupad ng kanyang

tungkulin ay iligtas sukdang Ikapariwara ng sariling buhay at kayamanan.

(VI. It is the duty of all to deliver, at the risk of their own lives and wealth, anyone who runs great

risks in the performance of his duty.)

VII. Ang kaugalian natin sa ating sarili at sa pagtupad n gating tungkol Ay siyang kukunang

halimbawa n gating kapwa.

(VII. Our responsibility to ourselves and the performance of our duties will be the example set

for our fellow-men to follow.)

VIII. Bahagian mo ng iyong makakayanan Ang sinumang mahirap at kapus-palad.

(VIII. Insofar as it is within your power, share your means with the poor and the unfortunate.)

IX. Ang iyong sipag sa paggawa ng iyong ikabubuhay Ay siyang tunay na sanhi ng pagibig,

pagmamahal sa sarili sa iyong asawa’t mg anak, sa iyong kapatid at mga kababayan.

own self, for your wife and children, and for your brothers and countrymen.)

X. Parusahan ang sinomang masamang tao’t taksil At purhin ang mabuting gawa. Dapat mong

paniwalaan na Ang tinutungo ng K.K.K. ay mga biyaya ng Dios Na anopa’t ang mga ninasa ng

Inang-Bayan, ay ang nasain din ng Dios.

(X. Punish any scoundrel and traitor and praise all good work. Believe, likewise, that the aims of

the K.K.K. are God-given for the will of the people is also the will of God.)

When Bonifacio met Jacinto and made the latter his advisor in fiscal matter and

secretary, he told Jacinto to make the Kartilya or guidebook for the new recruits. This guidebook

is known as the Kartilya ng Katipunan. Emilio Jacinto wrote 14 principles of Katipunan as

directed by Bonifacio.
KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN’S CONTRIBUTION IN UNDERSTANDING THE PHILIPPINE

HISTORY

For the Katipunan members, such as Emilio Jacinto, the ideas of Right and Light,

Katwiran and Kaliwanagan, were of the greatest importance. The document embodies the

morals made and followed by our heroes who fought to liberate this land. The document

contains oaths and orders to be followed by all of the members. Anyone who disobeys the

commandments will be punished depending on the violations they commit. The teaching of the

Katipunan incorporates virtues, discplines, and morality that modern Filipinos portray today.

The Kartilya ng Katiupunan was the moral and intellectual foundation used to guide the

Katipuneros and lays out the rules and principles that needed to be obeyed upon joining the

secret society. It is one of the few recorded documents of the Philippine Revolution that survived

today, and hence provides a perspective to modern generations on how this code contributed to

understanding our history and how it shaped the present.

The relevance of the Kartilya ng Katipunan to the Contemporary time is that the people

were made aware that the Katipunan was a Philippine revolutionary society in which its primary

goal was for the country to gain independence from Spain through a revolution. Kartilya ng

Katipunan laid out the group's rules and principles for their people and comrades to fully

understand and follow their objectives. Through this document, the Filipinos were encouraged

that there were intellectual and moral revolutionaries fighting for the nation’s independence.
References:

Kartilya ng Katipunan https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kartilya_ng_Katipunan

Andres Bonifacio’s Decalogue, and the Kartilya ng Katipunan http://malacanang.gov.ph/7013-

andres-bonifacios-decalogue-and-the-kartilya-ng-katipunan/

Emilio Jacinto https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilio_Jacinto

My Blog, My Philippines | Decalogue-Kartilya of the Katipunan

https://sites.google.com/site/myblogmyphilippines/heroes--heroines/decalogue-kartilla-of-the-

katipunan

University of Philippines Visayas | Course Hero https://www.coursehero.com/file/p5olav7/For-

the-Katipunan-members-such-as-Emilio-Jacinto-the-ideas-of-Right-and-Light/
RAIDERS OF THE SULU SEA

BACKGROUND OF THE AUTHORS

The film focuses on the slave raiding as retaliation on colonizers- the sophisticated

ancient maritime vessels such as the Lanong, Garay and the Salisipan and tools of war such as

the Barong, Kris, and the Kampilan and the well-organized forces that is launched for slave

raiding the coasts of Mindanao Visayas, and Luzon, between July to October called as the

Pirate wind “Pirate monsoon”.

It also focused on the fate of the Captured Balangingi Leader called Panglima Taupan

and his family who eventually was exiled to the north of Luzon in Cagayan, and was made to

work in the Tobacco Plantation- and his descendants who went back to Zamboanga and settled

in the outskirts of Taluksangay with the surname Dela Cruz Nuno- Maas Nuno, the ancestor of

the present Nuno clan of Zamboanga.

Raider of the Sulu Sea was directed by Idzwan Othman, a Singaporean based director

and also known as a prominent director. He won the Best Documentary Award at the 1 st

Singapore at the 1st Singapore Short Film Award held at Singapore from January 2010. It was

also produced by Lim Suat Yen, Zuzanita Zokaria, and Yeon-Hwa Kim and it was published by

Looking Glass International at Victoria, Australia.

Remesh Panicker is a professional narrator and voice over talent since 1977. He is an

award-winning stage actor and active with numerous stage productions. He is also well-known

as a writer/copywriter, Script and Story Consultant, and a creative consultant.

Icelle Gloria B. Estrada is an art historian in Zamboanga, a direct descendant of Vicente

Avarez, and does an an extensive research in the arts and culture of Zamboanga. She is the

one of Zamboanga City’s premiere artist – painter and sculptor. Estrada currently working as an
executive assistant in the Office of the City Mayor, and is overlooking the City Hall restoration.

She earned her first degree at the WMSU, BS HE and pursued her second degree at the U.P

College of Fine Arts, major in Art History.

Dr. Samuel kong Tan is a Sama-Tausug-Filipino born in Siasi, Sulu. He is historian at

the National Historical Institutre (NHI). Tan is an authority on the issue of Moro History, and

armed struggle and quest for self-determination. He is also a published author, and a Chair of

the UPD Department of History. He took his Masters of Arts History degree in UP Diliman and

his PhD degree in Interdisciplinary Studies in Syrcuse University, New York, USA.

Halman Abubakar is a Tausug descendant and a city councillor in Jolo, Sulu. He is an

exponent of the martial art of Silat- historic and significant on Tausug bladed weapons. He

shared the sentiments of his people by residing the characterization of Western Colony and

Filipino historiography as "pirates".

Barbara Andaya Watson is a historian in National University at Singapore. She is a

professor of Asia and studies in Hawai’i with specialization in Southeast Asian History. She is

also a Director of the Center for South East Asian Studies. She subsequently went to study for

her PhD in Cornwell University, specialization in South East Asian History.

Margarita Cohuangco is born on April 24, 1944. She is a author of Kris Valor. She

is a well-known Filipino politician, philanthropist and socialite. She was the former Chairman of

the Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino party and a candidate in the 2013 senatorial election. She

researched the history of Sama in Sulu Archipelago.

Julius Bautista is a historian in Asia Research Institute and in National University in

Singapore. He is renowned Filipino author based in Singapore. He is a Senior Lecturer at the

Department of Southeast Asian Studies, National University of Singapore.

Raiders of the Sulu Sea is a historiography documentary film focusing on Zamboanga

City depicting how the Spaniards defended the city with the Fort Pilar as Spain’s last stronghold

and bastion of defense and economic expansion in the South of the Philippines . It depicts the

Southeast Asian flourishing free trading in the area and the adverse effects and repercussions

when Europeans such as the English, Dutch and Spanish who wanted to control the economy

as well to colonize and Christianize. The duration of the film is approximately 49 minutes and its

original release date is in 2008.

RAIDERS OF THE SULU: PIRATES OR FREEDOM FIGHTERS

They were known in history as brutal savages, fearless slave raiders and above all -

pirates. Hailing from the Sulu Sea region in the Southern regions of the Philippines, the Ilanun,

Balangingi Samal & Taosug tribes raided and plundered settlements in the Philippines, Borneo,

Java, the Straits of Malacca and all over South East Asia in the search for human cargo to feed

the growing demands of the slave trade in the 16th to 19th century. They wielded deadly

weapons, were well organized and built formidable fast warships that ran circles around the

bigger and heavier Western ships. These men, either sanctioned by their respective Sultanates

or their own tribal leaders, defied colonial occupation and rule, instigating a wave of terror

throughout the archipelago for more than 300 years. But there is evidence that they were not

merely the savages they were made out to be. Some historians have argued that these were

indigenous people merely defending their way of life from the conquering colonial forces. Others

have said that we need to put this violence and slave raids into the proper perspective. This is a

story of men who clung fiercely to their faith, eluding a technologically superior foe. It is also a

story of how these men who lived by the sword, eventually died by it.
The Raiders of Sulu sea are indigenous people from the south which have very good at

waters and idealistic on how they lived and preserve their culture from the colonized country as

we saw the film it shows the battle between the raiders and the Spaniards on Zamboanga which

Spanish built a Fort Pilar which serves as their territory defenses for their military presence at

the south.

As the raiders they want to conquer the ort to establish their presence that their

oppression from the colonizers. There are 3 great tribes at the Mindanao called Balangingi,

Tausug and Illanun these three Tribes known as warriors and talented on waters which has

advantage against colonizer at the sea. The tribes mentioned are not really pirates during the

times they were plying their trade of capturing people and selling them as slaves. Slave trading

was a business then and they were not raiding ships in high seas. What they did was go and

land in different shores posing as fishermen. Once captured, the slaves’ palms are punctured

and tied to each other. The slaves are loaded in their 25 to 27 meter by 6 meter boats that has

30 to 34 oarsmen and sails. It was said that their boats were the fastest that Spanish Galleons

could not even give chase. The documentary was actually focusing on how the tribes were able

to organize a flotilla of a hundred ships or more with more than 3,000 men. This happened when

the three tribes connived to raid Fort Pilar.

The three tribes had some sort of a pact on how to go about their business and

employing Tausugs as their warriors. One tribe could set out to sea with a few boats then drop-

by each of the several bases of the tribes along the shores. They would call upon all available

seafarers to join the expedition. The slavery trade of the three tribes ended only when the

Spaniards ordered three steamboats from England. The steamboats were faster, easier to

navigate and had various armaments to take on the tribes. It was said that the conflict between

the tribes and the Spaniards did not stem from business or trade but was more on belief,

religious belief.
CONTRIBUTION OF RAIDERS OF THE SULU SEA TO THE PHILIPPINE HISTORY

It contributes to the Philippine History by the Filipino’s struggle for freedom, opposition

towards Western Imperialism, insistent resistance may have inspired Filipino revolutionaries,

and of course, to the political dynasty.

Relevance in the Contemporary Times:

 Consciousness of the aftermath of the Moro Wars

 Overlooks the plight of the captives and slaves

 Antedates the separatist movements in contemporary times Unceasing resistance by the

Muslim minority against the state and the Christian majority

 Many Coastal inhabitants who could not bear the piratical raids moved inland for safety

 Muslim and Christian conflict

It clearly debunks the claim of the Spaniards that they have brought civilization to the

archipelago. Maybe they have, according to their standards at the time. But the archipelago

has a blooming trade industry along the neighboring islands of Borneo and Malaysia. Our

archipelago played an important role in the trade industry in Asia. Our seas were used as

pathways for merchants to travel to distant lands, bartering goods and selling products in

exchange for gold and protection.

Worldcat https://www.worldcat.org/title/raiders-of-the-sulu/oclc/942267735?

referer=di&ht=edition

University of Missouri Libraries http://link.umsl.edu/portal/Raiders-of-the-Sulu-directed-by-

Idzwan-Othman-/vT-hGmEpHZQ/

Dong Beluan | January 28, 2018 https://prezi.com/p/dqlv-5p-39oh/raiders-of-the-sulu-sea/

Icelle G. Borja | Arts and Culture of Zamboanga City

https://www.zamboanga.com/arts_and_culture/Icelle_raiders_of_sulu.htm#:~:text=Raiders

%20of%20sulu%20sea&text=%E2%80%9CRaiders%20of%20the%20Sulu%20Sea,the

%20South%20of%20the%20Philippines%20.

Lands Ebalin | November 5, 2019 https://www.scribd.com/presentation/433486370/Raiders-of-

the-Sulu-Sea

Luii Mendoza | December 17, 2019 https://www.scribd.com/document/440139018/The-Raiders-

of-the-Cebu-Sity

Unknown | July 13, 2019 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singapore_Short_Film_Awards

Unknown. (n.d.). Raiders of Sulu Sea. Retrieved from Quizlet:

https://quizlet.com/372435637/raiders-of-the-sulu-sea-flash-cards/

Course Hero Inc. https://www.coursehero.com/file/65085852/SUMMARY-OF-RAIDERS-OF-

THE-SULU-SEA-copypdf/