Module 2

GEC06: Purposive Communication

FORMING CONNECTION:

COMMUNICATION and
GLOBALIZATION
““No generation has had the opportunity, as
we now have, to build a global economy that Objectives:
leaves no-one behind. It is a wonderful
opportunity, but also a profound After studying the module,
you are expected to:
responsibility.”
1. Define globalization
- Former U.S. President Bill Clinton 2. Analyze the role of
globalization in the
We are living in a world where opportunity pops up economic, political and
from every corner of the society. This is possible cultural areas of a/the
because of globalization. The world becomes smaller country
and forming connections becomes easier. It is the time 3. Describe the future of
when information holds great power and technology is globalization
of great importance. Resources are abundant which 4. Reflect on one’s role in
the process of globalization.
makes it available to people. However, it is important to
note that for every opportunity we embrace, a sense of
responsibility must come with it.

With this module, we are going to define globalization based on different

authorities. Moreover, we are going to analyze globalization and its effect in the
various domains in the society. Hence, you are expected to activate you critical
thinking skills to evaluate the pros and cons of globalization and to imagine how it is
affective of our future.

What is Globalization?

Globalization is the process of bringing

people together and making them and exchange “Nowadays, almost
ideas in traditional borders (Nowaczyk, 2017). everyone is practically
addicted to social
“The world driven largely by advances in media…As long as you have
technology, has become inextricably interconnected internet connection; you
across distances and other boundaries (Downing, can talk with anyone
2007). around the world.”
(Padilla, Dagdag and
Globalization is the increasing economic, Roxas, 2018)
political and cultural integration and
interdependence of diverse cultures (Gamble &
Gamble, 2013).

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Global village is one world interconnected by an electronic nervous system
(media). McLuhan predicted that this world has become a reality brought by
globalization (Stewart, 2015).

Friedman (2005) coined globalization as the “flattening” of the world.

This all means that:

Through internet, the world has now become like ____________________ where
people from different countries can ________________ and ______________ as if they
were next-door neighbors.

One concrete example of this globalization is International debit card used to

access and transact travel purposes
withdraw money anywhere
pay for things

“Globalization” is indeed a popular and controversial issue,but it still remain

a loose and poorly-defined concept. Most of the times, globalization is used to
cover increases in trade and liberalization policies as well as reductions in
transportation costs and technology transfer. As far as its impact is concerned,
discussion of globalization tends to consider simultaneously its effects on
economic growth, employment and income distribution - often without
distinguishing between countries and within-country inequalities – and other
social impacts such as opportunities for poverty alleviation, human and labour
rights, environmental consequences and so on (Lee and Vivarelli, 2006).

In its general definition, globalization can be defined as an extensive

network of economic, cultural, social and political interconnections and
processes which goes beyond national boundaries’ (Yeates, 2001 in Yalcin, 2009)
However its agreed that globalization ‘is not a policy option but a fact to which
policy makers must adapt’ (Wells 2004 in Yalcin, 2009).

There are various views on the emergence of globalization; it has been

considered as a result of technological development however, it is also taced from
market economy. On top of that there is another claim which cites, globalization
is an outcome of the capitalist progress (Glazter & Rueschemeyer, 2005 in Yalcin,
2009). As advancement of communication technologies and the increase in
productivity necessitate states’ expansion of their market territory.

PROS and CONS of GLOBALIZATION

(Burlacu, Sorin & Gutu, Cuthbert & Matei, 2018)

The positive effects of globalization

1 . Reducing the sense of isolation of poor countries.

2. Expanding the Information Society and Enhancing Access To Information.
3. Increasing the speed of commercial, financial and technological operations.
4. Globalization can be a factor in integrating people into the world community.
5. Efficiency of the entire economic activity at the planetary level.

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Negative effects of globalization

1. Security deficit, poverty, personal insecurity, migration turns into a global threat;
2. There are no national solutions to transnational issues;
3. Demographic Deficit: is narrow national intellectual potential and increase export
of human resources;
4. Ecology deficiency: the natural world of the world is rapidly deteriorating in line
with the growth of the national and global economy;
5. Reducing the number of jobs.

Beyond the positive and negative effects of globalization in our lives, what
do you think is the greatest threat that encompasses it?
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Globalization is changing the way we live our lives every day. It has accelerated
and intensified the integration and interaction among individuals, companies and
even countries. This process of globalization is undeniably affective to people,
environment, economic development as well as culture.
In addition to the pros and cons of globalization previously presented,
Weidenbaum, & Batterson (2001) likewise listed two opposing perspectives regarding
the subject. The following are questions frequently asked in relation to globalization.
There are two responses provided, the globalists (those who perceive globalization as
an advantage) and the anti-globalists (those who perceive the negative aspect of
globalization). Note that the perspectives provided are in a and general context.

GLOBALISTS ANTI-GLOBALISTS

1. DOES GLOBALIZATION FOSTER ECONOMIC GROWTH?

Globalization accelerates economic Globalization subjects the people of the
growth, increasing standards of living, world to financial crises and poverty in
but there are winners and losers. the name of corporate greed.
2. IS GLOBALIZATION GOOD FOR THE CONSUMER?
Globalization benefits the consumer by Globalization has resulted in record
increasing income and offering a greater corporate profit rates while the
variety of lower-priced products and worldwide income gap continues to
services. widen.
3. IS GLOBALIZATION GOOD FOR THE WORKER?
Globalization increases employment and Globalization results in jobs being
wages and helps improve working shipped overseas to low-wage factories
conditions and protect workers' rights. with poor working conditions and abuses
of workers' rights.
4. IS GLOBALIZATION GOOD FOR THE ENVIRONMENT?
Globalization helps clean up and protect Globalization exploits local environments
the environment by providing the in the quest for corporate profit and
national wealth necessary to undertake contributes to worldwide global
environmental improvements. warming.

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5. IS GLOBALIZATION GOOD FOR DEVELOPING NATIONS?
Globalization helps developing nations Globalization subjects developing nations
by accelerating economic growth and to severe trade and financial lending
lifting millions out of poverty. practices, keeping nations trapped in
debt and millions trapped in poverty.
6. DOES GLOBALIZATION PROMOTE HUMAN RIGHTS?
Globalization helps protect human rights. Globalization supports a world trade in
Economic freedom and political freedom human bondage and slavery estimated in
are closely linked. the millions.
7. DOES GLOBALIZATION FOSTER THE GROWTH OF DEMOCRATIC
GOVERNMENTS?
Globalization fosters the growth of Globalization threatens the sovereignty
democratic governments, which have of the nation-state by undermining
almost doubled worldwide in just the last national laws and regulations with the
decade. power of world trade and finance bodies.
8. DOES GLOBALIZATION IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE?
The culmination of globalization and Globalization threatens public health,
technology has resulted in a quality of life local economies, and the social fabric of
unimaginable one hundred years ago. agriculturally based societies.
Life expectancy, literacy, human health,
leisure, and living standards have
improved dramatically worldwide.

What is your personal take regarding these two perspectives?

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So far, you have been given fundamental knowledge on the subject of

globalization. You had a glimpse of multiple perspectives which are mostly in
opposition so as to let you weigh whether this globalization is really a boon or a bane.
For the next task, you will be watching a video in order to familiarize yourself more
on the idea of globalization in a much specified context.

Let us watch the video and answer the

following questions!

*suggested video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3oTLyPPrZE4 (Globalization)

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1. How is globalization described in the video?
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2. What are the issues accompanying globalization?
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3. Identify those that are considered as global standards.
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4. How did globalization affect the market?
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5. Discuss the three main areas of globalization.

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IMPACTS OF GLOBALIZATION ON COMMUNICATION

1. Virtual Interactions
2. Cultural Awareness in Speech
3. Cultural Awareness in Body Language
4. Time Differences

Can you give instances where the following impacts of globalization

is observed?

Virtual Interactions
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Cultural Awareness in Speech
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Cultural Awareness in Body Language
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Time Differences
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Let us Take the Tests!

Test 1. TRUE or FALSE. The following are statements in connection with the concept
of globalization. Write YES if the statement is true and NO if the statement is false.
Write your answer on the space provided before the number.

_____1. Globalization is considered as an opportunity which works with

responsibility.
_____2. Downing (2007) defined globalization as the increasing economic, political
and cultural integration and interdependence of diverse cultures
_____3. Globalization is the curving of the world.
_____4. Global village is one world interconnected by an electronic nervous system
(media).
_____5. Globalization has both positive and negative effects to the economy.
_____6. Politics is a domain which is not affected by globalization.
_____7. Technology is one of the many benefits brought by globalization.
_____8. Globalists believe that globalization is a good thing.
_____9. Anti-globalists think that globalization would ease the issue of poverty.
_____10. Human Rights is something which is not a concern of globalization.

Test 2. Analyze the following statements. Indicate whether the statement pertains to
a positive effect of globalization by putting a check mark (/) on the space provided or
whether the statement is a negative effect by leaving the item blank.

____1. Third world countries have opportunities for progression.

____2. The rich becomes richer and the poor becomes poorer.
____3. United Nations.
____4. Employment possibilities.
____5. Communication is made easier with vast amount of technology in existence.
____6. Opportunities for academic advancement.
____7. Migration issues.
____8. Lower price of commodities in the market.
____9. Diversifying of cultures.
____10. Commercialization of lands.

Test III. The following are citations lifted from the articles published by the given
authorities. On the space provided, indicate whether you agree or disagree with the
statement and briefly justify your stand. Accomplish this with only 3-5 sentences.

“Tomorrow’s challenge will be to keep globalization

sustainable.”
Guilherme Casarões,Professor of International Relations,
FGV Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo

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“I believe we have a unique, unprecedented opportunity to
foster understanding across cultures and countries.”
Kristiana Raube, Executive Director of the Institute for Business & Social Impact, Haas School of
Business, University of California Berkeley

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“Economic policy needs to contain an element of protection of the

interests of locals.”
Robert J. Shiller, Sterling Professor of Economics, Yale University

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Test IV. Complete the table by writing the information needed. Unlike with the one
indicated in the discussion, you have to provide information more specifically and in
the Philippine context. This can be achieved by giving concrete examples.

GLOBALISTS ANTI-GLOBALISTS
1. DOES GLOBALIZATION FOSTER ECONOMIC GROWTH?

2. IS GLOBALIZATION GOOD FOR THE CONSUMER?

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3. IS GLOBALIZATION GOOD FOR THE WORKER?

4. IS GLOBALIZATION GOOD FOR THE ENVIRONMENT?

5. IS GLOBALIZATION GOOD FOR DEVELOPING NATIONS?

6. DOES GLOBALIZATION PROMOTE HUMAN RIGHTS?

7. DOES GLOBALIZATION FOSTER THE GROWTH OF DEMOCRATIC

GOVERNMENTS?

8. DOES GLOBALIZATION IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF LIFE?

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Performance Task!! Read the article of Dinescu (2017) titled “The Future of
Globalization”. The copy of the article will be provided by the teacher. After reading, answer
the following questions.

1. Enumerate at least one point presented in the paper that interests you. Briefly explain the
reason for it.
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2. Describe the future of globalization based on its discussion in the paper.
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3. If you have the power to control globalization, would you be changing anything regarding
its future? If YES, what are the alterations that you would likely to do? If NO, why would you
want it to remain as it is?
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Reflection:

Describe yourself!
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Who are you and what is your role in the process of globalization?
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How significant is globalization in your life at present? Why did you choose the
picture as a product of globalization that you wanted to share with you
classmates?

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_

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References

Burlacu, Sorin & Gutu, Cuthbert & Matei, F.O.. (2018). Globalization – Pros and cons.
Quality - Access to Success. 19. 122-125.

Cuturela, S. (2012). Globalization; Definition, Processes and Concepts. Romania:

National Defense University

Dinescu, A-G. (2017). The Future of Globalization. Challenges of the Knowledge

Society. Political Sciences

Global Network Perspectives. (2017). The Future of Globalization: Economic Trends,

Political Movements and the Role of Management Education. Global
Network for Advanced Management.

Lee, E. & Vivarelli, M.(2006). The Social Impact of Globalization in Developing

Countries. IZA Discussion Paper No. 1925.

Mir, U.R., Hassan, S.M. & Qadri, M.M. (2014). Understanding Globalization and its
Future: An Analysis. Pakistan Journal of Social Sciences 34(2).

Sheffield, J., Korotayev, A. & Grinin, L. (2013). Globalization: Yesterday, Today and
Tomorrow. United States of America: Emergent Publications

Weidenbaum, M. L. & Batterson, R.(2001). The Pros and Cons of Globalization.

Special 7, 2001, doi:10.7936/K71C1V2Z. Murray Weidenbaum Publications.
Retrieved from https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/mlw_papers/175.

Yalcin, B. (2018). What is Globalization?. Essay MSc. Comparative Social Policy

Programme. University of Oxford

Image

https://images.app.goo.gl/MUWBzo32RWBGDxPc9

Videos
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3oTLyPPrZE4 (Globalization)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xUYNB4a8d2U(Global Village)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdO5L5uSBP4(Future Globalization)

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