Communication Model (Berlo's Model) by Pradip Das

Topic-

Communication Model (Berlo’s Model)

Name-Pradip Das
M.Ed Trainee Of Gangadharpur Sikshan Mandir
Session-2018-2020
Introduction:
As far back as ancient Greece, Aristotle already wrote about communication
processes. He described three primary aspects of all forms of
communication: the speaker, the subject, and the person who receives the
message. He argued that it is the listener who ultimately determines the
meaning of any particular message. Similar to modern theories on
communication, Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication describes four
components of communication.
Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication represents the process of

communication in its simplest form. The acronym SMCR stands for Sender,
Message, Channel, and Receiver. Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication
describes the different components that form the basic process of
communication. Because this communication tool also emphasises the
coding and decoding of the message, it can be used for more efficient
communication.
Objectives:
 To make more efficient communication to increase productivity and better
understanding
 To foster an attitude which is necessary for motivation, cooperation and job
satisfaction.
 To discourage misinformation, ambiguity and rumors.
 To encourage social relations among people by encouraging inter
communication.
 To explain how people communicate with each other.
Components of Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication
Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication includes four components that
describe the communication process. The different components in the model
are influenced by various factors.
1.Sender:
The sender of the message is the source who creates and sends the message
to the receiver. The source is the start of the communication process and is
the person who encodes the message. Factors that may influence the sender
are also applicable to the receiver. Consider how the message is interpreted,
for example. Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication identifies the
following factors that affect the source:
i)Communication Skill-
Communication skills include: reading, listening, speaking etc.
ii)Attitude-
One’s attitude in relationship to the audience, receiver and subject
changes the meaning and consequence of the message.
iii)Knowledge-
Familiarity with the subject of the message makes communication
more effective.
iv)Social systems-
Values, beliefs, religion and rules influence the way in which the
sender communicates the message, alongside location and
circumstances.
v)Culture-
Cultural differences may result in the message being interpreted
differently.
2.Message-
The message is the package of information or meaning that is sent from

sender to receiver. The message can be sent in various forms, such as audio,
speech, text, video or other media. The sender of the messages always wants
the receiver to interpret the message in a certain way. The source’s intention
is therefore translated into a coded message. The receiver should understand
the message with reasonable accuracy. The message is influenced by:
i)Content-
The content of the message from beginning to end.
ii)Elements-
Elements are (non)verbal aspects, such as gestures and signs, that may
influence the message. Albert Mehrabian’s communication model
goes into this in more detail.
iii)Treatment-
Treatment refers to the way in which the message is sent, the
message’s packaging.
iv)Structure-
As the word suggests, the structure of the message refers to the way in
which it is structured.
v)Code-
The code of the message is the form in which the message is sent.
This may include text, language, video, gestures, music, etc.
3.Channel-
Channel is the medium used to send the message. In mass communication
and other forms of communication, technical machines might be used as a
channel like telephone, internet, etc. But in general communication, the five
senses of a human being is the channel for the communication flow and it
affects the effectiveness of the channel.
i)Hearing - We receive the message through hearing.

ii)Seeing – We perceive through seeing. We also get non-verbal messages
by seeing.
iii)Touching – Many of the non-verbal communication happens from

touching like holding hands.
iv)Smelling – We collect information from smelling.

v)Tasting – Taste also provides the information to be sent as a message.
4)Receiver-
The receiver is the person who receives and subsequently decodes the coded
message. In a linear communication process, the receiver is always located
at the end. In order to make communication as effective and smooth as
possible, Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication assumes the receiver’s
thinking pattern must be in accordance with that of the sender. The same
factors therefore influence this component in Berlo’s SMCR Model of
Communication. After all, the receiver decodes the message him/herself and
gives it their own meaning.
Criticisms of Berlo’s SMCR Model-

 There is no concept of feedback, so the effect is not considered.
 There is no concept of noise or any kind of barriers in communication
process.
 It is a linear model of communication, there is no two way
communication.
 Both of the people must be similar according to all the factors
mentioned above.
Conclusion-
This model believes that for an effective communication to take place the
source and the receiver needs to be on the same level, only if the source and
receiver are on the same level communication will happen or take place
properly. We choose Berlo’s communication model because this model is
related to our daily life.
Bibliography-
 Pandey P.(2017-18), Critical Understanding Of ICT, Rita Book Agency.
 Sen B.,Dey D.K.(2018) Critical Understanding Of ICT, Aheli Publishers.
 https://prezi.com/n-a0shzoqtqi/berlos-model-of-communication/
 https://www.toolshero.com/communication-skills/berlos-smcr-model-of-
communication/

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Topic-

Communication Model (Berlo’s Model)

Berlo’s SMCR Model of Communication represents the process of

The message is the package of information or meaning that is sent from

i)Hearing - We receive the message through hearing.

iii)Touching – Many of the non-verbal communication happens from

iv)Smelling – We collect information from smelling.

Criticisms of Berlo’s SMCR Model-

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