VXLANã¨NVGREã®éãã®å ¨è§£èª¬
NVGREï¼æ±ç¨ã«ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã«ãã»ã«åã使ç¨ãããããã¯ã¼ã¯ä»®æ³åï¼ã¨VXLANï¼ä»®æ³æ¡å¼µå¯è½LANï¼ã¯ã©ã¡ãããããã¯ã¼ã¯ä»®æ³åãã¯ããã¸ã§ãããVLANãæ¡å¼µãã¦å¤§è¦æ¨¡ãªã¯ã©ã¦ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ãã£ã³ã°å±éã«ãããä¹ããä»®æ³ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã®åé¡ã解決ãããã¨ãç®çã¨ãã¦ãã¾ããä»®æ³ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã®ä¸é¨ã¨ãã¦ãNVGRE㨠VXLANã¯å®è³ªçãªæ©è½ãæä¾ãã¾ãããç°ãªãVMï¼ä»®æ³ãã·ã³ï¼éã§ãã±ãããã«ãã»ã«åãã¦è»¢éããæ¹æ³ãå®ç¾©ããã ãã§ããã§ã¯ãNVGREã¨VXLANã®éãã¯ä½ã§ããï¼ãã®è¨äºã§ãåçãããã¾ãã
NVGREã¨VXLANã®æ¦è¦
NVGREã¨ã¯
NVGREã¯ãã«ãã»ã«åã¨ãã³ããªã³ã°ã使ç¨ãã¦ãµããããã«å¤æ°ã®ä»®æ³LANï¼VLANï¼ãæä¾ãããããã¯ã¼ã¯ä»®æ³åæ¹å¼ã§ããVLANã¯ãåæ£ããããã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ã ãã§ãªããã¬ã¤ã¤2ï¼ãã¼ã¿ãªã³ã¯ã¬ã¤ã¤ï¼ããã³ã¬ã¤ã¤3ï¼ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã¬ã¤ã¤ï¼ã«ãæ¡å¼µã§ããããããµããããã«VLANãæä¾ããã¨ããã«ãããã³ãã®è² è·åæ£ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ããªã³ãã¬ãã¹ç°å¢ã¨ã¯ã©ã¦ãç°å¢ã§å ±æã§ããããã«ãªãã¾ããNVGREã¯ãè¤éãªä»®æ³åç°å¢ã§æ©è½ãããåæ£ãããã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ã«å¿ è¦ãªé·è·é¢ã«ããã£ã¦ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã»ã°ã¡ã³ããæ¡å¼µããéãããæ°ã®VLANã«ãã£ã¦å¼ãèµ·ããããåé¡ã解決ãããã¨ãç®çã¨ãã¦ãã¾ããNVGREæ¨æºã¯ãMicrosoftãIntelãHPãããã³Dellã«ãã£ã¦ææ¡ããã¦ãã¾ããããã¯ãå¥ã®ã«ãã»ã«åæ¹å¼VXLANã¨ç«¶åãã¾ãã
VXLANã¨ã¯
ãã®ååã示ãããã«ãVXLANã¯VLANãæ¡å¼µãããããã¯ã¼ã¯ä»®æ³ãã¯ããã¸ã¼ã§ããç¾å¨ã大è¦æ¨¡ãªã¯ã©ã¦ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ãã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ã®ä»®æ³ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ãä¸ååã§ããã¨ããåé¡ã解決ããããã«è¨è¨ããã¦ãã¾ããå®éããããã¯ã¼ã¯ã¨ã³ã¸ãã¢ã¯VLANãæ´»ç¨ãã¦ãã¯ã©ã¦ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ç°å¢ã§ã¯ã©ã¦ãã¢ããªã±ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã¨ããã³ããåé¢ãã¦ãã¾ããããã ããVLANã§ã¯ç¹å®ã®æéã«æ大4096ã®ãããã¯ã¼ã¯IDã®ã¿ãå²ãå½ã¦ããã¨ãã§ãã¾ããããã¯ã大è¦æ¨¡ãªã¯ã©ã¦ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ç°å¢ã«ã¯ååã§ã¯ããã¾ããããã®ãããVXLANã¯ã24ãããã®ã»ã°ã¡ã³ãIDã追å ãã¦VLANã¢ãã¬ã¹ç©ºéãæ¡å¼µããã¯ã©ã¦ãã¢ããªã±ã¼ã·ã§ã³ã¨ããã³ããè«ççã«éé¢ããªããã使ç¨å¯è½ãªIDã®æ°ã1,600ä¸ã«å¢ããããã«è¨è¨ããã¦ãã¾ããã¾ããåãã¬ã¼ã ã®VXLANã»ã°ã¡ã³ãIDã¯ãåã ã®è«çãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã¨ããã³ãã®ãããã¯ã¼ã¯IDãåºå¥ã§ãã¾ãããããã£ã¦ãä½ç¾ä¸ãã®ç¬ç«ããã¬ã¤ã¤2 VXLANãããã¯ã¼ã¯ãå ±éã®ã¬ã¤ã¤3ã¤ã³ãã©ã¹ãã©ã¯ãã£ä¸ã§å ±åã§ãã¾ããVXLANä»æ§ã¯ããã¨ãã¨CiscoãVMwareãããã³Arista Networksã«ãã£ã¦ä½æããã¾ãããããã§VXLANã®è©³ç´°æ å ±ã確èªãã¦ãã ããï¼ãQinQ vs VLAN vs VXLANã
NVGRE vs VXLANï¼éãã¯ä½ã§ããï¼
NVGREã¨VXLANã¯ãå®ç¨ä¸ã»ã¼åãã§ãããããã®ä¸»ãªéãã¯ãããã«ã¼ããã©ã³ã¹ãã¼ããããã³ã«ããã±ããå½¢å¼ãªã©ã«ããã¾ãã
ããã«ã¼ã¨ãã©ã³ã¹ãã¼ããããã³ã«
NVGREã¯ä¸»ã«Microsoftã«ãã£ã¦ãµãã¼ããããVXLANã¯ä¸»ã«Ciscoã«ãã£ã¦é§åããã¾ããæ¨æºã®ãã©ã³ã¹ãã¼ããããã³ã«ï¼TCP/UDPï¼ã使ç¨ããVXLANã¨ã¯ç°ãªããNVGREãããã³ã«ã¯GREï¼æ±ç¨ã«ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã«ãã»ã«åï¼ã§ãã
ãã±ãããã©ã¼ããã
ãã±ããå½¢å¼ã¯ãNVGREã¨VXLANã®æãé¡èãªéãã§ããVXLANãã±ãããããã¼ã«ã¯ã1600ä¸åã®ä¸æã®ä»®æ³ã»ã°ã¡ã³ãã表ã24ãããã®IDã»ã°ã¡ã³ããå«ã¾ãã¦ãã¾ãããã®IDã¯é常ãUDPãã¼ãã®çä¼¼ã©ã³ãã ã¢ã«ã´ãªãºã ã«ãã£ã¦çæããã¾ããããã«ããããã±ããå ã®MACã°ã«ã¼ããä¸æã®UDPãã¼ãã°ã«ã¼ãã«ãããã³ã°ãããã¨ã«ããã5ã¿ãã«ã«åºã¥ããã¼ããã©ã³ã·ã³ã°ãç¶æããVMéã®ãã±ããã®é åºãç¶æã§ãã¾ããVXLANã«ãã»ã«åã«ããããã±ãããµã¤ãºã50ãã¤ãã«æ¡å¼µããã¾ããããã以ä¸ã«ç¤ºãã¾ãã
NVGREã¯ãGREãããã¼ã®ä¸ä½24ããããTNIï¼ããã³ããããã¯ã¼ã¯èå¥åï¼ã¨ãã¦ä½¿ç¨ãã¾ããããã¯ãVXLANã¨åæ§ã«ã1600ä¸ã®ä»®æ³ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ããµãã¼ãã§ãã¾ãã帯åå¹ ä½¿ç¨çã表ãããã¼ã¬ãã«ã®ç´°åæ§ãæä¾ããããã«ãä¼éãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã¯GREãããã¼ã使ç¨ããå¿ è¦ãããã¾ããããããããã«ããNVGREã¯å¾æ¥ã®ãã¼ããã©ã³ã·ã³ã°ã¨äºææ§ããªããªãã¾ããããã¯NVGREã®ä¸»ãªæ¬ ç¹ã§ãããNVGREã¨ã®æ大ã®éãã§ãã
éä¿¡æ¹æ³
VXLANã¯ããã©ã³ã¹ãã¼ããããã¯ã¼ã¯ã§ãã«ããã£ã¹ããå©ç¨ãã¦ãã¬ã¤ã¤2ã»ã°ã¡ã³ãã§ã®ããã¼ããã£ã¹ããä¸æãªã¦ããã£ã¹ããããã³ãã«ããã£ã¹ãã®ãã©ããã£ã³ã°åä½ãã·ãã¥ã¬ã¼ããã¾ããããã¯ãVXLANä½æ¥ããã»ã¹å ¨ä½ã§ã®MACã¢ãã¬ã¹å¦ç¿ãARPããã¤ãã¼æ¢ç´¢ãªã©ã®ãããã³ã«ã«ã¨ã£ã¦éè¦ã§ããNVGREã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãè² è·åæ£æ©è½ãå¼·åããããã«ãåNVGREãã¹ãã§è¤æ°ã®IPã¢ãã¬ã¹ã使ç¨ãã¦ãããå¤ãã®ãã©ãã£ãã¯ãè² è·åæ£ã§ããããã«ãããã¨ããå§ããã¾ããNVGREã¯ããã©ããã£ã³ã°ã¨IPãã«ããã£ã¹ãã«ä¾åãã代ããã«ãããæè»ãªæ¹æ³ã§ããã¼ããã£ã¹ããã¾ãã
ã·ã£ã¼ãã£ã³ã°
NVGREã¯ããã±ããæ大ä¼éã¦ãããã®ã·ã£ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ããµãã¼ããã¦ãå é¨ä»®æ³ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã®ãã±ããã¹ã±ã¼ã«ãããã«åæ¸ãã¾ãã大ããªãã¬ã¼ã ããµãã¼ãããããã«ä¼éãããã¯ã¼ã¯ãå¿ è¦ã¨ãã¾ããããã ããVXLANã§ã¯ããã±ããã¹ã±ã¼ã«ã®æ¡å¤§ã«èããããã«ã大ããªãã¬ã¼ã ããµãã¼ãããä¼éãããã¯ã¼ã¯ãå¿ è¦ã§ããã¤ã¾ããVXLANã¯ã·ã£ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ããµãã¼ããã¦ãã¾ããã
ä¼æ¥åããããã¯ã¼ã¯ã«ãããVXLANã®å¿ç¨ã·ã¼ã³
VXLANã®ä¸»ãªå©ç¹
-
ã¹ã±ã¼ã©ããªãã£ï¼VXLANã¯ã24ãããã®VNIï¼VXLAN Network Identifierï¼èå¥åã«ãã£ã¦æ大1,600ä¸ã®ã¬ã¤ã¤2ã»ã°ã¡ã³ãããµãã¼ããããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãã
-
æè»æ§ï¼VXLANã¯ãIPãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã¤ã³ãã©ã¨ã¬ã¤ã¤2ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã«ã¾ããããã¨ãã§ãããããæè»æ§ã¨ã¢ã¼ããã¯ãã£ã®æé©åãåä¸ãã¾ãã
-
管çã®ç°¡ç´ åï¼VXLANã¯ãã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ã§ã®ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ç®¡çã¨è¨å®ãç°¡ç´ åããå°å ¥ã¨è¨å®ã«ãããæéãæ°é±éããæ°æéã«ç縮ãã¾ãã
VXLANã®é©ç¨ã¢ããªã±ã¼ã·ã§ã³
-
ãã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã®ä»®æ³åï¼VXLANã¯ãã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ãç¹ã«å¤æ°ã®ä»®æ³ãã·ã³ã¨ããã³ãã®åé¢ãå¿ è¦ã¨ããç°å¢ã§åºã使ç¨ããã¦ãã¾ããVXLANã¯ããã©ãã£ãã¯ãã«ãã»ã«åããã¬ã¤ã¤3ã²ã¼ãã¦ã§ã¤ã«æ¡å¼µãããã¨ã§ãä»®æ³ã¡ã¢ãªã·ã¹ãã ï¼VMï¼ã®ãã¼ã¿ããªãã£ã®å¶éã«å¯¾å¦ããå¤é¨IPãµããããä¸ã®ãµã¼ãã¼ã¸ã®ã¢ã¯ã»ã¹ãå¯è½ã«ãã¾ãã
-
ãã«ãããã³ã対å¿ï¼VXLANã¯ãæ大1,600ä¸ã®ç¸äºã«åé¢ãããã¬ã¤ã¤2ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ããµãã¼ãããå¾æ¥ã®ã¬ã¤ã¤2ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã«ãããVLANãªã½ã¼ã¹ä¸è¶³ã®åé¡ã解決ãã¾ãã
-
ã¯ã©ã¦ããã¸ãã¹ã¸ã®é©å¿æ§ï¼VXLANã¯ã¯ã©ã¦ããã¸ãã¹ã«é©ãã¦ããã1000ä¸ã¬ãã«ã®ããã³ãåé¢ããµãã¼ããã¦ããããã大è¦æ¨¡ãªã¯ã©ã¦ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ç°å¢ã®ãã¼ãºã«å¯¾å¿ã§ãã¾ãã
-
EVPN-VXLANã¢ã¼ããã¯ãã£ï¼EVPNï¼ã¤ã¼ãµãããVPNï¼ãã¯ããã¸ã¼ã¨çµã¿åããããã¨ã§ãVXLANã¯å¹ççãªã¬ã¤ã¤2ããã³ã¬ã¤ã¤3ãããã¯ã¼ã¯æ¥ç¶ãå¯è½ã«ãããã£ã³ãã¹ããã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ã®ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ç®¡çã«å ±éã®ãã¬ã¼ã ã¯ã¼ã¯ãæä¾ãã¾ãã
-
Spine-Leafã¢ã¼ããã¯ãã£ï¼æ°ä¸ä»£ã®ãã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã¯ãVXLANã¨EVPNæè¡ãçµã¿åãããSpine-Leafãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã¢ã¼ããã¯ãã£ãæ¡ç¨ããUDPã¡ãã»ã¼ã¸ã®MACã«ãã£ã¦ãã¼ã¿ãã¬ã¼ã³ã®ã«ãã»ã«åãå®ç¾ãã¾ãã
NVGREã¨VXLANãã©ã¡ããé¸ã¶
NVGREï¼Network Virtualization using Generic Routing Encapsulationï¼ã¨VXLANï¼Virtual Extensible LANï¼ã®éã§é©åãªãããã³ã«ãé¸æãããã©ããã¯ãç¹å®ã®ãã¼ãºã¨ç°å¢ã«ãã£ã¦ç°ãªãã¾ãã以ä¸ã«ãããã¤ãã®æ¤è¨äºé ã示ãã¾ãã
-
1. ãµãã¼ãã¨äºææ§ï¼ãããã¯ã¼ã¯æ©å¨ã¨ä»®æ³åãã©ãããã©ã¼ã ãé¸æãããããã³ã«ããµãã¼ããã¦ãããã¨ã確èªããå¿ è¦ãããã¾ããNVGREã¯ä¸»ã«Microsoft Hyper-Vç°å¢ã«é¢é£ãã¦ããããVXLANã¯ããåºããµãã¼ãããã¦ãããè¤æ°ã®ä»®æ³åãã©ãããã©ã¼ã ã¨ãããã¯ã¼ã¯æ©å¨ã«å¯¾å¿ãã¦ãã¾ãã
-
2. é«ãæ¡å¼µæ§ï¼ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã大è¦æ¨¡ãªä»®æ³åç°å¢ãå¤æ°ã®ä»®æ³ãã·ã³ããµãã¼ãããå¿ è¦ãããå ´åã¯ãVXLANãé¸æããæ¹ãè¯ãã§ããããVXLANã¯24ãããã®VXLANèå¥åï¼VNIï¼ã使ç¨ããããå¤ãã®ä»®æ³ãã·ã³ã¨ããã³ãã«å¯¾å¿ã§ããããããã大ããªä»®æ³ãããã¯ã¼ã¯å®¹éãæä¾ãã¾ãã
-
3. ãã«ãããã³ãã®åé¢ï¼ä»®æ³åç°å¢ã§ãã«ãããã³ãã®åé¢ãå®è£ ãããã¼ã¿ã®ã»ãã¥ãªãã£ã¨ãã©ã¤ãã·ã¼ã確ä¿ããå¿ è¦ãããå ´åãVXLANã¯å¤ãã®å ´åãããåªããã½ãªã¥ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãæä¾ãã¾ããVXLANã¯VNIãã¼ã¹ã®åé¢ããµãã¼ããã¦ãããç°ãªãããã³ãã®ãã¼ã¿ãè«ççã«åé¢ãã¾ãã
-
4. ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ï¼NVGREã¨VXLANã§ã¯ããããã¯ã¼ã¯ããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã«è¥å¹²ã®éããããã¾ããNVGREã¯GREã«ãã»ã«åã使ç¨ãã¦ããããããã¯ã¼ã¯ã»ãªã¼ãã¼ãããã¨ãããã¼ã»ãµã¤ãºã追å ããããããããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã«è¥å¹²ã®å½±é¿ãä¸ããå¯è½æ§ãããã¾ããVXLANã¯UDPã«ãã»ã«åã使ç¨ãã¦ãããæ¯è¼ç軽éã§ãããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ãåä¸ãããããã«ãã¼ãã¦ã§ã¢ã§ãªããã¼ããã¦æé©åãããã¨ãã§ãã¾ãã
-
5. ç°å¢è¦ä»¶ï¼ç¹å®ã®ãã³ãã¼ã¨ã®çµ±åãç¹å®ã®ãããã¯ã¼ã¯å±éã·ããªãªãªã©ãç¹å®ã®ãã¼ãºãããå ´åã¯ããã³ãã¼ã®ããã¥ã¡ã³ãããã¹ããã©ã¯ãã£ã¹ã確èªããæ¨å¥¨ãããã³ã«ãé¸æãããã¨ããå§ããã¾ãã
çµè«
VXLANããã³NVGREã¯ãVLANã¨æ¯è¼ãã¦é«åº¦ãªãããã¯ã¼ã¯ä»®æ³åå®è£ ãã³ããªã³ã°ãã¯ããã¸ã¼ã§ããä»®æ³ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã®ãµã¤ãºã4,096ãã1,600ä¸ã«æ¡å¼µããã¬ã¤ã¤2ãã±ãããã¬ã¤ã¤3ãããã¯ã¼ã¯ãä»ãã¦éä¿¡ã§ããããã«ãã¾ãããã®ããããããã¯ã¼ã¯ããã¤ã¹ã«NVGREã¨NVGREã追å ããããããã¯ã¼ã¯ã®ã¹ã±ã¼ã©ããªãã£ãæ¡å¼µããã¾ãããããã£ã¦ãVXLANã¨NVGREããµãã¼ãããã¹ã¤ããã¯ã大è¦æ¨¡ãªã¯ã©ã¦ãã³ã³ãã¥ã¼ãã£ã³ã°ã§ã®VLANã®å¶éãå æããä¿æãªVMãããã¯ã¼ã¯ç°å¢ãå®ç¾ããããã«ãã使ç¨ããã¾ãã
è¦ç´ããã¨ãNVGREã¨VXLANã®ã©ã¡ããé¸æãããã¯ãç¹å®ã®ãã¼ãºã¨ç°å¢ã«ãã£ã¦ç°ãªãã¾ããããåºç¯ãªäºææ§ãé«ãæ¡å¼µæ§ããã«ãããã³ãåé¢æ©è½ãå¿ è¦ã§ããã°ãé常ã¯VXLANã®æ¹ãè¯ãé¸æã§ããããããã使ãã®ç°å¢ãMicrosoft Hyper-Vã¨æ·±ãé¢é£ãã¦ããå ´åã¯ãNVGREãé¸æè¢ã¨ãã¦æ¤è¨ãããã¨ããå§ããã¾ãã
äºä¾ç´¹ä»
MLAGãVXLANãIPv4/IPv6ãSFLOWãSNMPãªã©ã®é«åº¦ãªæ©è½ããµãã¼ãããS5850-48S6Qï¼48x10Gb SFP+ã6x40Gb QSFP+ ã¢ãããªã³ã¯ä»ãï¼ã¯ã次ä¸ä»£ã®ã¡ããããã³ã¨ã³ã¿ã¼ãã©ã¤ãºãããã¯ã¼ã¯ã®è¦ä»¶ãæºãããå¾æ¥ã®ãã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ã¾ãã¯å®å ¨ä»®æ³åããããã¼ã¿ã»ã³ã¿ã¼ã«ãæé©ã