Famous poet /1924-2004  •  Ranked #58 in the top 500 poets

Nissim Ezekiel

Nissim Ezekiel was a central figure in post-independence Indian English poetry. His work remains relevant for its unflinching portrayal of urban life in Mumbai, particularly the experiences of middle-class Indians navigating a society in flux.

Ezekiel's poetry is characterized by its directness and conversational tone. He often employed irony and satire to expose the hypocrisies and contradictions of modern life. His poems are marked by a keen observation of the everyday, finding meaning in the mundane and exploring themes of identity, alienation, and the search for meaning in a rapidly changing world.

His focus on personal and societal anxieties within a specific cultural context, conveyed through accessible language, set him apart in his time. Ezekiel can be considered alongside other Indian English poets such as Arun Kolatkar and A.K. Ramanujan, who similarly explored the complexities of Indian identity in a postcolonial world. His work was also influenced by modernist poets like T.S. Eliot and W.H. Auden, who emphasized directness and engagement with contemporary issues.

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Night of the Scorpion

I remember the night my mother
was stung by a scorpion. Ten hours
of steady rain had driven him
to crawl beneath a sack of rice.

Parting with his poison - flash
of diabolic tail in the dark room -
he risked the rain again.

The peasants came like swarms of flies
and buzzed the name of God a hundred times
to paralyse the Evil One.

With candles and with lanterns
throwing giant scorpion shadows
on the mud-baked walls
they searched for him: he was not found.
They clicked their tongues.
With every movement that the scorpion made his poison moved in Mother's blood, they said.

May he sit still, they said
May the sins of your previous birth
be burned away tonight, they said.
May your suffering decrease
the misfortunes of your next birth, they said.
May the sum of all evil
balanced in this unreal world

against the sum of good
become diminished by your pain.
May the poison purify your flesh

of desire, and your spirit of ambition,
they said, and they sat around
on the floor with my mother in the centre,
the peace of understanding on each face.
More candles, more lanterns, more neighbours,
more insects, and the endless rain.
My mother twisted through and through,
groaning on a mat.
My father, sceptic, rationalist,
trying every curse and blessing,
powder, mixture, herb and hybrid.
He even poured a little paraffin
upon the bitten toe and put a match to it.
I watched the flame feeding on my mother.
I watched the holy man perform his rites to tame the poison with an incantation.
After twenty hours
it lost its sting.

My mother only said
Thank God the scorpion picked on me
And spared my children.

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Analysis (ai): The poem vividly captures a night of suffering and superstition in a rural village. The scorpion's sting brings villagers to the family's home, where they offer prayers and traditional remedies. The speaker, a young boy, witnesses the pain of his mother and the desperate attempts to save her. The poem contrasts the superstitious beliefs of the villagers with the skepticism of the father, who uses both traditional and modern treatments. The mother's gratitude at the end suggests acceptance of her suffering as a way to protect her family and reduce future misfortunes. The poem reflects the tension between tradition and modernity in Indian society during the time it was written. (hide)
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163  

The Patriot

I am standing for peace and non-violence.
Why world is fighting fighting
Why all people of world
Are not following Mahatma Gandhi,
I am simply not understanding.
Ancient Indian Wisdom is 100% correct,
I should say even 200% correct,
But modern generation is neglecting -
Too much going for fashion and foreign thing.
Other day I'm reading newspaper
(Every day I'm reading Times of India
To improve my English Language)
How one goonda fellow
Threw stone at Indirabehn.
Must be student unrest fellow, I am thinking.
Friends, Romans, Countrymen, I am saying (to myself)
Lend me the ears.
Everything is coming -
Regeneration, Remuneration, Contraception.
Be patiently, brothers and sisters.
You want one glass lassi?
Very good for digestion.
With little salt, lovely drink,
Better than wine;
Not that I am ever tasting the wine.
I'm the total teetotaller, completely total,
But I say
Wine is for the drunkards only.
What you think of prospects of world peace?
Pakistan behaving like this,
China behaving like that,
It is making me really sad, I am telling you.
Really, most harassing me.
All men are brothers, no?
In India also
Gujaratis, Maharashtrians, Hindiwallahs
All brothers -
Though some are having funny habits.
Still, you tolerate me,
I tolerate you,
One day Ram Rajya is surely coming.
You are going?
But you will visit again
Any time, any day,
I am not believing in ceremony
Always I am enjoying your company
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Analysis (ai): This poem satirizes India's post-independence period, marked by social unrest, political violence, and a rejection of traditional values. The speaker, a self-proclaimed patriot, bemoans the decline of ancient Indian wisdom and the embrace of Western materialism. The poem's simple language and colloquial style contrast with its serious themes, creating a sense of irony.

The poem is similar to Ezekiel's other works in its use of humor and social commentary. However, it is unique in its focus on the specific political and social issues of India in the 1970s. The poem reflects the disillusionment and frustration felt by many Indians during this period of rapid change and upheaval. (hide)
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Poet, Lover, Birdwatcher

To force the pace and never to be still
Is not the way of those who study birds
Or women. The best poets wait for words.
The hunt is not an exercise of will
But patient love relaxing on a hill
To note the movement of a timid wing;
Until the one who knows that she is loved
No longer waits but risks surrendering -
In this the poet finds his moral proved
Who never spoke before his spirit moved.

The slow movement seems, somehow, to say much more.
To watch the rarer birds, you have to go
Along deserted lanes and where the rivers flow
In silence near the source, or by a shore
Remote and thorny like the heart's dark floor.
And there the women slowly turn around,
Not only flesh and bone but myths of light
With darkness at the core, and sense is found
But poets lost in crooked, restless flight,
The deaf can hear, the blind recover sight.
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Analysis (ai): The poem juxtaposes the patience required for birdwatching and wooing women with the hasty nature of modern life. Unlike poets who rush to express their emotions, those who truly appreciate nature and love must exercise patience and observe from afar.

The poem is similar to Ezekiel's other works in its exploration of human relationships, but it differs in its focus on the natural world. The poem reflects the mid-20th century movement towards environmentalism and the search for authenticity in a rapidly changing world.

The poem's simple language and unassuming tone create an atmosphere of contemplation and reflection. The slow, deliberate pace mirrors the process of birdwatching and love, suggesting that true understanding requires patience and observation. (hide)
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