ç¥æ§ã¯ã©ããããã£ã¦æ¥ãã®ãï¼ ãããèªãéãç°å¢ãéºä¼ãåãä¸ããã®ã¯ã¾ã£ããæå³ããªããã¨ããã®ããã©ã¡ããä¸ç·ã«ãªã£ã¦åãã¦æå³ããã¤ããã ãããçµæ¸çã»æè²çæ¡ä»¶ãæé©ãªããç¥æ§ã®å·®ã¯å¤§é¨åãDNAã«ãã£ã¦æ±ºã¾ããã¨ãããããããã貧ããã¦å¦ç¿ãå°é£ãªç°å¢ã§ã¯ãåªç§ãªã²ãã ãé è§ãç¾ãã®ã«è¦å´ããã
ãé常ã®ç¥æ§ãã¨ãåè¶ããç¥æ§ãã®éã«ã©ããªéããããã®ããè¬ã ãè³ã®å¤§ããã§ã¯ãªããã¨ã¯ããã£ã¦ã¯ãããã®ã®ãã²ãã ã®ãªãã®ãã£ããä½ããã©ããã£ãçç±ã§éããçãã®ãã¯ç¥ããã¦ããªãã
ããããã¾ãããããã¯ãã®çãã«è¿ã¥ããã¨ãã¦ãããå æ¥ãMolecular Psychiatryãã§çºè¡¨ããããã³ã°ã¹ã»ã«ã¬ãã¸ã»ãã³ãã³ã®ç 究ã®ãããã ã
ãã®ç 究ã«ããã¦ç 究è ãã¡ã¯ãé常ã«é«ãIQãã®è¢«é¨è 1,409人ã®ã²ãã ãåæãããIQ170以ä¸ã§ãä¸çã®äººå£ã®0.03ãã¼ã»ã³ãã®éããã人éãã¡ã ï¼ãã¼ãã«è³åè³è ã®IQã¯å¹³åã§ã145ãã¨ãããã¦ããï¼ã
å½¼ãç 究è ã¯ããããéå¡ãªé è³ã®ã²ãã ã3,253人ã®ãæ®éã®ã人ã ã®ã²ãã ã¨ãæ¯è¼ããã®ã ããçµæã¨ãã¦ããã£ãã®ã¯ãã天æã®éºä¼åããåå¨ããªãã¨ãããã¨ã ã£ãã
æ¯è¼ã®ããã«ã²ãã å ã®ãä¸å¡©åºå¤åï¼SNPï¼Single Nucleotide Polymorphismï¼ãã«ãã©ã¼ã«ã¹ããããã©ããªSNPããããã ãã§ã¯ãå人éã«çããç¥æ§ã®å·®ã®0.16ãã¼ã»ã³ã以ä¸ã説æãããã®ã§ã¯ãªããã¾ããé«åº¦ãªç¥æ§ããã¤äººã¯ä¾å¤çãªéºä¼åãããããããã£ã¦ããªããã²ãã å ¨ä½ã®æ§æã®çµ±è¨çãªããããªå·®ç°ã§ãããªãã¨ãããã¨ããæé«ã®IQããã¤å人ã¨ããã§ã¯ãªã人ã®ãµã³ãã«ãæ¯è¼ãããã¨ã§ããããããã®éºä¼çããµã¤ã³ããææ¡ãããã¨ãã§ããã
ããåã©ãããçµµãæãããã¨ã«åªãã¦ãããªã
åãããã³ã°ã¹ã»ã«ã¬ãã¸ã»ãã³ãã³ã®ããã²ã¨ã¤ã®åæã¯ãããã«ã¾ã ä½ããå¿ è¦ã§ãããã¨ãããããã«æãã¦ãããè¨èªãæ°å¦ãç§å¦ãç¾è¡ãªã©ãå¦æ ¡ã®ãã¾ãã¾ãªç§ç®ã«ãããçå¾ãã¡ã®ããã©ã¼ãã³ã¹ã«ã¤ãã¦ãéºä¼ã¨ç°å¢ã¨ãã©ãã ãã®å½±é¿ãä¸ããã®ããæ¤è¨ãããã®ã ã
çµæããéºä¼è³ç£ããé¢ä¿ããã®ã¯ãããã60ãã¼ã»ã³ãã ã¨å¤æãããã¤ã¾ããå¦æ ¡ã§ã®æ績ã«ã¤ãã¦ãéºä¼ã®ä¸ããå½±é¿ã¯å¤§ããã¨ãããã¨ã ãã¾ãããã¾ãã¾ãªæç§ã«ãããæåã¯ãã²ã¨ã¤ã®åãéºä¼åã«æ¯é ããããã¨ãããã£ãã
ããã¯è¨ãæããã¨ãããç¾è¡ã«ã¨ã£ã¦ãè¯ããã²ãã ãåãç¶ãã§ãããªããããã¯ç§å¦ãæ°å¦ã«ã¨ã£ã¦ã大ããªå©ãã¨ãªããã¨ãããã¨ã ãå½ç¶ã®ãã¨ãªãããDNAã®ãªãã«ã¯ãåå¥ã®æç§ã度å¤è¦ãã¦ãæåãå¾ããã¨ãå¯è½ã«ãããã®ä»ã®ç¹å¾´ãæ°å¤ãã³ã¼ãåããã¦ãããå¥åº·ãã¢ãã£ã´ã§ã¼ã·ã§ã³ãæ§æ ¼ã好å¥å¿ã好ã¿ãªã©ãé¢ãã£ã¦ãããããç¥æ§ãã¨ãæåãã¯ããã®äººã®ãäººæ ¼ãã¨ä¸å¯åãªã®ã ã
ç 究ã®èè ãã¡ã¯ãéºä¼åã¨ç°å¢ã®é¢ä¿ãä¸ç¾©çã§ã¯ãªããã¨ãããããã«ç¤ºåãã¦ãããä¸æ¹ã§ã¯ãç°å¢ã¯ãçæ¥ã®ç¹æ§ãæ大éã«é«ããããæå§ããããããã¨ãã§ããããããä»æ¹ã§ã¯ãè«æã«æ¸ããã¦ããããã«ããåã©ããã¡ã¯èªåãã¡ã®çµé¨ããéºä¼çå¾åãããã¨ã«ãã¦é¸æããå¤æ´ããæ³èµ·ãããéºä¼ â ç°å¢ã®ç¸é¢é¢ä¿ã¯ãååçã§ã¯ãªããéºä¼åã¯ãå¦ç¿ã®æ 度ãæ¸æã«å½±é¿ãä¸ãããã¨ã«ãããåã©ããã¡ã®é¸ãã ç°å¢ã«ãå½±é¿ãä¸ããã
ä¾ãã°ãããããåã©ããçµµãæãå¾åããã£ã¦çã¾ããããä»ã®åã©ããã¡ã¨æ¯ã¹ã¦ããå¤ãã®æéãçµµãæããããè¸è¡ä½åãçºãã¦éããã ãããããã¯ãè³ã®çºéãããã«å¤åãããã§ãããäºæã ãããã«ã測å®ãããéºä¼æ§ã®æ¯çã¯æ®éçãªãã®ã§ã¯ãªããæå¹ãªã®ã¯ç 究ã®è¢«é¨è ââã¤ã®ãªã¹ã®è¥è ãã¡ââã®ç¹å®ã®ç°å¢ã«ã¨ã£ã¦ã ã¨ãããã¨ãè¦ãã¦ããã¨ããã
ãã³ã°ã¹ã»ã«ã¬ãã¸ã®éºä¼ç«å¦ã®æå¡ããã£ã¢ã·ã¼ã»ã¹ãã¯ã¿ã¼ã¯ããã«é¢ãã¦ããèªã£ãããä¸å¹¸ãªãã¨ã«ãç¥æ§ã«å¯¾ããéºä¼çå½±é¿ã示ãç 究ã¯ãããããä¸å¯é¿ã®éå½ãæ示ãã¦ãããã®ããã«ãé常ã誤ã£ã¦è§£éããã¾ãã
å対ã«ãæ ç»ãã¬ã¿ã«ãã®ä¸çããåªçå¦ã®æ¿çãæãããäºæ¸¬ããããã人ã¯ãååå®å¿ãããã¨ãã§ãããèªåãã¡ã«å¤©æã®åå«ããããããããã¨ãæå¾ ãã¦ãä½åãã®éºä¼åã«æãå ãããã¨ã¯ããã¾ã®ã¨ãããããããã®è½åã®ãã£ã¨åã°ãªãã¨ããã«ãããããã¦ãéæ¹ããªãè²»ç¨ããããã ããã
ãããã£ã¨ç°¡åã§çç£çãªã®ã¯ãéºä¼ã¨ã¯å¥ã®ããååãç°å¢ã®æ¹ã«åãããããã¨ã ãç¥æ§ã®éºä¼å¦ã¯ãå°æ¥ãããããããããã®æ½å¨è½åãçºç¾ãããããã«ãããããæè²ããã°ã©ã ãçºå±ããããã¨ã ãããéºä¼ã¨ç¥æ§ã®éã®é¢ä¿ãç¥ããã¨ã¯ããããããã²ãã ã®å¥´é·ã«ããã®ã§ã¯ãªããå対ã«ããã®å½±é¿ãããããå½¢æããããã«è¡åãããã¨ã«å½¹ç«ã¤ã®ã ã
TEXT BY MASSIMO SANDAI
TRANSLATION BY TAKESHI OTOSHI