Educ 204 - Principle of Administration and Supervision

Prepared by:

Christian Ivan I. Celestra

BASIS OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND SUPERVISORY
PRINCIPLES
 In the field of administration and supervision, principles is accepted as a
fundamental truth. Principle may be considered a law, a doctrine, a policy, or a
deep-seated belief which governs the conduct of various types of human
endeavor. In administration and supervision, an accepted principle become
part of one’s general philosophy which serves to determine and evaluate his
educational objectives, attitudes, practices and outcomes.
 A sound principle is formulated from carefully observed facts or objectively

measured results which are common to a series of similar experiences. The
guiding value of principle depends not only upon the soundness of its origin,
but also upon the individuals acceptance, understanding, and ability to apply
the principles.
USES OF PRINCIPLES IN SCHOOL
ADMINISTRATION AND SUPERVISION
1. Principles are means by which the administrator and supervisor proceed from
one situation another.
2. Principles are fundamental in improving teaching and learning.
3. Principles make for enormous economy of time and effort in choosing
techniques to be used.
4. Principles eliminate much of the blundering trial-and-effort in a practical piece of
work.
5. Principles greatly aid in the discovery of new techniques.
6. Principles are needed to guide the choice and sequence of the appropriate
techniques at hand in no way do they supplant the fundamental rule of
technique in carrying on the processes and activities which make up the work
of administration and supervision.
7. Principles aid in the evaluation of techniques, for
they furnish a broader basis by which to judge the
techniques used in the school administration and
supervision.
8. Principles define the items which must be
scrutinized in evaluating results.
9. Principles are used to evaluate the success of
administrative and supervisory programs.
10.Principles lead the administrators
supervisors and
dynamic . to further activities for they are
GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ADMINISTRATION
AND SUPERVISION
1. School
Administration and
supervision must
be democratic.
AUTOCRATIC DEMOCRATIC
1.Thinks he can sit himself and see all angles 1.Realizes the potential power in thirty or
of a problem. fifty brains.
2.Does not know how to use the experience 2.Knows how to utilize that power.
of others.
3.Cannot bear to let any of the strings 3.Knows how to delegate duties.
of management slip from his fingers.
4.Is so tied to routine details that he seldom 4.Frees himself from routine details in order to turn
tackles his larger job. his energy to creative leadership.
5.Is jealous of ideas; reacts in one of several 5. 5.Is quick to recognize and praise an idea that
ways comes from someone else.
when someone else makes a proposal
6.Makes decisions that should have been 6.Refers to the group all matters that concern
made by the group. the group.
7.Adopts a paternalistic attitude towards 7.Maintains the position of friendly, helpful,
the group- “I know best” adviser both on personal and professional
matters.
8.Expects hero-worship, giggles with delight at 8.Wishes to be respected as a fair and
his attempts at humor, and so forth. just individual as he respects others.
9.Does not admit even to himself that he 9.Consciously practice democratic techniques.
is autocratic.
10.Sacrifices everything- teachers, students, 10.Is more concerned with the growth of
progress-to the end of a smooth-running individuals involved than with freedom from
system. annoyances.
2.School
Administration and
Supervision mustbe a
cooperative.
 Are highly socialized functions and
imply willingness to work together.
 Stimulate initiative, self-reliance, and
individual responsibility on the part of
all persons in the discharge of their
duties.
 Substitute leadership for authority.
 Provide opportunity for growth and
development.
 Promote understanding between
administrators, supervisors, and
classroom teachers.
 Observe a code of ethics that is
real, practical , and vital.
3.School
Administration and
Supervision, to
be effective ,
must
 Are based be scientific.
upon observable facts
 Employ method of analysis and
comprehension of complex
administration and supervisory problems
by breaking them into comprehensive
units.
 Employ hypothesis in guiding the
thinking process.
 Are free from emotional bias.
 Employ objective measurement and
quantitative methods in the treatment of
data.
4. School
Administration and
Supervision
must be based on
accepted
educational
philosophy.
5. School Administration and Supervision
must be creative.
 Provide opportunity for the teachers
and the pupils to grow through the
exercise of their talents and abilities
under expert professional guidance
and encouragement.
 Are from the control and tradition and
actuated by the spirit of inquiry
 Need scientific minded-ness, and a
recognition of the importance of
human element.
 Provide opportunity for a conference
or a meeting between the
administrator and the supervisor, and
the teacher
 Recognize that every teacher and
pupil have the capacity for some
degree of creative achievement in one
field or another.
6.Administration and Supervision must be
evaluated in the light of their results.
 Results must be measured in terms of the child’s total growth in
knowledge, habits, skills, abilities, and attitudes
 Results must be measured in terms of
the teacher’s growth or improvement in the selection of
subject-matter, formulation and evaluation of aims, selection
of methods and techniques.
 Results must be measured in terms of the administrator’s
growth in educational leadership.
 Results must be measured in terms of
the physical improvement of the school buildings and
grounds favorable to teaching and learning
 Results must be measured in terms of community improvement
and its relation to the school.
7. Responsibility
and control in
matters of school
administration
and supervision
must run parallel
throughout the
system.
8. School
administration
must distinguished
from supervision
9. School
administration and
supervision must
be preventive and
constructive.
10. School
administration
and supervision
must be centered
on child growth
and development.
11.School administration and
supervision must be flexible.
• Flexibility of objectives and teaching
procedures
• Flexibility of school
building
• Flexibility of instructional materials and
devices
• Flexibility of school requirements and
standard norm
OTHER DEFINITE PRINCIPLES
WHICH SHOULD BE KNOWN TO
THE ADMINISTRATOR
1.Cooperation
2..Leadership
3.Planning
4.Integration
5.Creativity
6. Flexibility
7.Considerateness
8.Community Orientation
9.Objectivity
10. Evaluation
U !
Y O
N K
HA
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Prepared by:

Christian Ivan I. Celestra

 A sound principle is formulated from carefully observed facts or objectively

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