WORD

SEARCH
Science, Technology and
Society
Prepared by: Mark Anthony Aurellano
Learning Objectives
By the end of the discussion you should have:

1. discussed the interactions between S& T and society throughout

history.
2. discussed how scientif ic and technological
developments affect society and the environment.
3. identif ied the paradigm shifts in history.
Science
Science is t h e human
attempt to understand the
n a t u ra l world, w i t h o r
without concern for practical
uses of that

Image source: [Link]

knowledge.
Science
Science tries to discover facts
and relationships and then
tries to create
theories that make sense
o f these facts an d
relationships.
Image source: [Link]
Science
any system of knowledge that is concerned with the
physical world and its phenomena and that entails
u n b i a s e d o b s e r v a t i o n s a n d syste m atic
experimentation.
involves a pursuit of knowledge covering general
truths or the operations of fundamental laws.
Science
is based on the premise that our senses, and extensions
of those senses through the use of instruments, can give us
accurate information about the Universe.
follows very specif ic "rules" and its results are
always subject to testing and, if necessary, revision. even with such
constraints science does not exclude, and often benef its from,
creativity and imagination.
Scientif ic Method
Science may be
def ined as the system of
knowledge of the natural
world gained through the
scientif ic method.

Image source: [Link]

Scientif ic Method
The scientif ic method has f ive basic steps, plus one
feedback step:
1. Make an observation.
2. Ask a question.
3. Form a hypothesis, or testable explanation.
4. Make a prediction based on the hypothesis.
5. Test the prediction.
6. Iterate: use the results to make
new
hypotheses or predictions.
Division of Science
The natural taxonomy of the empirical sciences would break the sciences down
into three basic groups:

the physical sciences (physics, astronomy, chemistry, geology, metallurgy),

the biological sciences (zoology, botany, genetics,

paleontology, molecular biology, physiology), and the

psychological sciences (psychology, anthropology, sociology,
maybe economics).
Hierarchy of the Sciences

The scale of the

Universe mapped to
branches of scie
and
nce showing how one system is built atop the next through the
hierarchy of the Sciences
Image source: [Link]
Technology
Technology is t h e human
attempt to change the world by
creating products that can help
people.
It involves tools, techniques and
procedures for putting the f indings
of science to use.
Image source: [Link]
Technology
• Greek words meaning ‘art or craft’ and ‘subject or
interest’
• ‘practical applications of what we know about nature’
• Products- of imagination, of thought processes,
redesigning
• Purpose- quality of life
Image source: [Link]
Examples of Technology
Some examples:

Smartphone Laptop
Electrical Appliances
Machineries
Image source: [Link]
Interactions between S &T
Science explores for the
purpose of knowing,
while technology
explores for the
purpose of making
Image source: [Link]
something useful from
that knowledge.
Interactions between S &T
Science drives
technology by making
new possible technology
scientif ic through

breakthroughs.
Image source: [Link]
Interactions between S &T
Engineers focus on using
science to
develop products.
Without some technology,
experiments be science
possible. would not
Image source: [Link]
Interactions between S &T
Without science,
technology could not
proceed.
The very questions
t h a t scientists askare
Image source: [Link] shaped by the available
technology.
Role of Science and Technology

1. Alter the way people

live, connect,
communicate and
transact, with profound
effects o n economic
development. Image source: [Link]
Role of Science and Technology

2. Key d r i v e r s t o development
because technological and
scientif ic revolutions underpin
economic improvements advances,
in health
Image source: [Link] systems, education and
infrastructures.
Role of Science and Technology

3. The technological revolutions

of the 21st century are
emerging from entirely new
sectors, based on micro-
processors, tele-
communications, biotechnology and
nanotechnology. Image source: [Link]
Role of Science and Technology
4. Products are transforming business practices
across the economy as well as the lives of all who
have access to their effects. The most
remarkable breakthrough will come from
the interaction

of insights and applications arising when

Image source: [Link] these technologies
converge.
Role of Science and Technology

5. Have the power to better the lives of poor people in

developing countries.

6. Differentiators between countries that are able to tackle

poverty effectively by growing and developing their
economies and those that are not.
Role of Science and Technology

7. Engine growth.

8. Inter ventions f o r cognitive

enhancement, p r o t o n cancer
therapy and genetic
engineering among others.
Image source: [Link]
Society
The s um tot al of our
interactions as humans,
including the
interactions that we
engage i n to f ig ure
thi n gs o u t a n d t o make
Image source: [Link] things.
Society
A g roup of ind iv id ua ls involved in
persistent social interaction or a large social
group sharing the same geographical or social
territory,typically subject to the same political
authority and dominant cultural expectations.
Meaning of STS
Science and technology studies or science, technology
and society studies (STS) is the study of how society,
politics and culture affect scientif ic research
and technological innovation and how these, in
turn, affect society, politics and culture.
Meaning of STS
STS makes the
assumption that science and
technology are essentially
intertwined
a n d t h a t t h e y a r e each
p r o f o u n d l y soial a n d Image source: [Link]
political.
Effects of S& T to the Society

Science and technology have

had a major
impact on society and their impact is growing.
By making life easier, science has given man
the chanceaesthetics,
ethics, topursue societal concerns such as
education and
create justice
conditions. to cultures
and
to i
Effects of S& T to the Society

Science inf luences society through its knowledge

and world view. Scientif ic knowledge and the procedures
used by scientists inf luence the way many individuals in
society think about themselves, others, a nd the
environment. The effect of science on society is neither
entirely benef icial or entirely detrimental.
Effects of S& T to the Society

The impact of science and technology on society is evident.

But society also inf luences science.
There are social inf luences on the direction and emphasis
of scientif ic and technological development through
pressure groups on specif ic issues and through
generally accepted social views, values and priorities.
Interconnections of STS
Technology alters how we can behave.
Society drives technological
innovations and scientif ic inquiry.
Science gives us insight into what
kind of technologies we
could potentially create and how to

create them, while technology allows

us to conduct fur ther scientif ic
Image source: [Link] research.
Seatwork #1
How important is
Science to society?
What makes
technology essential
to humanity?
Image source: [Link]
PERFORMANCE TASK #1
[Link] does the adoption of new technologies influence
social behaviors and interactions within communities,
and what role does societal acceptance play in shaping
technological innovation?

[Link] what ways do scientific advancements in fields

such as biotechnology and artificial intelligence impact
ethical considerations, privacy rights, and individual
autonomy within society, and how should policymakers
address these complex issues?
PERFORMANCE TASK #1

[Link] do cultural beliefs, values, and traditions influence

the public's perception of scientific knowledge, expertise,
and authority, and what strategies can scientists employ
to foster greater trust and understanding among diverse
societal groups?
Science, Technology and Society