INTRODUCTION to Science & Technology
(Week 1-2)
To
define
S&T
To describe the
relationship
between Science,
Technology and
To compare Society
S & T in To identify/
terms of their enumerate the
contributions different roles of
S&T
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Introduction to Science, Technology & Society
WHAT is SCIENCE?
Latin word: ‘scientia’ - knowledge
refers to a methodical and systematic activity of
building and organizing knowledge about how
the universe behaves through OBSERVATION,
EXPERIMENTATION or both.
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Introduction to Science, Technology & Society
WHAT is TECHNOLOGY?
Greek root word: ‘techne’ – art, skill,
cunning of hand
the application of scientific knowledge,
laws, and principles to produce services,
materials, tools, and machines aimed at
solving real-world problems
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CONTENTS
1 What is Science?
2 What is Technology?
3 How are Science and Technology related?
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1 What is Science?
1 - Learning new facts (discoveries)
THE HUBBLE
DEEP FIELD:
The “deep” in Hubble
Deep Field refers to
the telescope’s ability
to look at some of
these far, faint objects.
Looking at far-away
objects in space is like
seeing back in time.
HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE
What is Science?
2 - Solving problems (Scientific Method)
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What is Science?
3 - the intellectual and practical activity
encompassing the systematic study of the
structure and behavior of the physical and
natural world through observation and
experiment – Oxford dictionary
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2 What is Technology?
1 – creating/inventing things
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What is Technology?
2 - things that fulfill our
needs and desires or
perform certain functions
3 – Application of
understanding of natural
laws to the solution of
practical problems
Science, Technology and Society is the study of how society, politics, and
culture affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these,
in turn, affect society, politics and culture.
The interdisciplinary field of Science, Technology, and Society examines the
ways in which society influences the creation of scientific knowledge and
technological development.
At the same time, it seeks to understand the ways science and technology
affect our lives and communities.
WHEN were airplanes invented and by WHOM?
WHEN
The history of
Science &
WHAT medical discovery
WHAT Technology answers
HOW
led to the introduction of
sterilization, vaccines , questions about our
and antibiotics world’s greatest
discoveries and
inventions…
WHY
HOW are bridges built
STS is a relatively young field that combines previously independent and older
disciplines :
History of science Philosophy of science Sociology of science
? What is a law of nature? Are there any in non- •
‘When we think about the physical sciences like biology and psychology?
Sociology: type of science, a logical
system that bases knowledge on direct,
past, we think about systematic observation.
? What kind of data can be used to distinguish
history. When we think between real causes and accidental regularities? • Scientific sociology: study of society
about the future, we think based on systematic observation of
social behavior.
about science. Science ? How much evidence and what kinds of evidence
do we need before we accept hypotheses? • Scientific evidence sometimes
builds upon its past, but contradicts common sense explanations
also, simultaneously, ? Why do scientists continue to rely on models of social behavior.
and theories which they know are at least partially It is not what we do not know that get us into
denies it.’ inaccurate (like Newton's physics)? trouble, it is what we know that is not true.
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STS as an ACADEMIC FIELD
NOVEL Area of CONCERN OBJECTIVE
To prepare students
a relatively How the different
to respond critically,
aspects of society reflectively,
new SHAPE & INFLUENCE proactively to the
the progression and
academic challenges posed by
further development Science and
discipline of S & T Technology in the
contemporary world
3 How are Science and Technology
related?
We live in a SOCIETY absolutely dependent on S & T.
As problems in S & T continue to rise and become more
observable and felt, the need to pay attention to their interactions
with various aspects of human life (SOCIAL, POLITICAL, and
ECONOMIC) becomes even more necessary.
Brooks, H. The Relationship between science and technology. Elsevier Science. 1994. 477-486.
SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY
2. Source of tools and
techniques for more
efficient engineering 3. Research
1. New knowledge
design and a knowledge instrumentation, lab
which serves as a
base for evaluation of techniques, and
direct source of ideas
feasibility of designs analytical methods used
for new technological
in research that eventually
possibilities
find their way into design
HOW ARE THEY RELATED?
and industrial practices
SCIENCE contributes to TECHNOLOGY in at least 6 ways:
Brooks, H. The Relationship between science and technology. Elsevier Science. 1994. 477-486.
SCIENCE 5. Creation of a knowledge TECHNOLOGY
base that becomes
increasingly important in
4. Practice of research 6. Knowledge base
the assessment of
as a source for that enables more
technology in terms of its
development and efficient strategies of
wider social and
assimilation of new applied research,
environmental impacts
human skills and development, and
capabilities eventually refinement of new
useful for technology HOW ARE THEY RELATED?
technologies
SCIENCE contributes to TECHNOLOGY in at least 6 ways:
Brooks, H. The Relationship between science and technology. Elsevier Science. 1994. 477-486.
TECHNOLOGY contributes to SCIENCE in at least 2 ways:
1. Providing a fertile source 2. Source of otherwise
of novel scientific
unavailable
questions and thereby also
instrumentation and
helping to justify the
techniques needed to
allocation of resources
needed to address these
address novel and
questions in an efficient and more difficult scientific
AND
timely manner, extending questions more
the agenda of science efficiently
Brooks, H. The Relationship between science and technology. Elsevier Science. 1994. 477-486.
Science & Technology affects one
another.
Because Hubble telescope has limitation a new
space telescope was launch last December 2021 to
see the heavenly bodies are accelerating away from
us, the light they emit turns to infrared.
James Webb Space Telescope is made to see
beyond and this telescope will answer the question
of the events before the Big Bang.
Science & Technology affects one
another
Thousands of galaxies make up this cluster in the
distant universe 4.6 billion light-years away. Hubble's
composite image took weeks to achieve, while James
Webb’s Hubble Telescope only took 12.5 hours,
NASA said.
Like Hubble, JWST is expected to revolutionize our
understanding of the cosmos. It will help us
determine whether planets orbiting other stars could
support life, and see galaxies that formed just after
the Big Bang.
The telescope’s first full-color images and
spectroscopic data were released during a televised
broadcast at 10:30 a.m. EDT (14:30 UTC) on
Tuesday, July 12, 2022, from NASA’s Goddard
Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY in a SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP
WHAT is the ROLE OF SCIENCE & HOW HAS
TECHNOLOGY IN YOUR LIFE? TECHNOLOGY
CONTRIBUTED TO
SCIENCE?
HOW HAS
SCIENCE
CONTRIBUTED
TO
TECHNOLOGY?
REFLECTION TIME
THANK YOU!
STS_Week 1-2_LM 1-Introduction to S & T
