Name: __________________________________
7th Grade
Science Date: Monday, October 24, 2016
Unit: Earth, Sun, and Moon
Homeroom: ___________________________
Lesson: ESM 4_Rotation
and Revolution
DO NOW
SWBAT define and identify lines of latitude and longitude.
SWBAT contrast rotation and revolution
SWBAT describe why the Earth has seasons
OBJECTIVES: By the end of today’s lesson, you will be able to…
1. ______ Solar Eclipse
2. ______ Partial Eclipse A. The darkest part of a shadow.
B. Occurs when the moon blocks out
3. ______ Lunar Eclipse
the sun.
4. ______ Annular Eclipse C. When the Moon does not cover
the entire Sun during a solar
eclipse.
5. ______ Umbra
D. Occurs when the earth blocks out
6. ______ Penumbra the light shining on the moon.
E. The part of a shadow where some
7. ______ Total Eclipse
of the light sources is still visible.
F. A type of solar eclipse when the
entire sun is blocked out by the
moon.
G. A type of solar eclipse when the
moon appears to be smaller in the
sun. During the eclipse, the sun
looks like a shining ring.
Class Notes
We use lines of ________________ and _________________ to locate a
place on a map.
Latitude
Longitude
Prime
Meridian
Equator
1. Draw lines of LATITUDE below 1. Draw lines of
LONGITUDE below
2. Identify the Equator 2. Identify the Prime
Meridian
2
ROTATION: REVOLUTION:
CONSTANT: AXIS:
Earth has a rotation Earth has a The further away an object is
rate of revolution rate from the ______ the longer it
_________________ of____________ takes to __________________
around the ___________.
Putting it all together:
____0
What is Most Responsible for the Seasons?
The Earth is not actually “straight up
and down,” but is rather
______________________.
The imaginary line that the earth
_________________ around is the
___________
The axis goes straight through the
_______________ and ________________
poles
Earth’s axis is tilted at _____________
degrees
The axis of the Earth is _______________
pointed in the same direction (at
Polaris, the 3
“__________________________”)
Guided Practice: We Do
Talk it out…
Tilt your Earth towards the Sun. When the
Northern Hemisphere (the top part) is pointed
towards the sun, which hemisphere receives
more or less sunlight?
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
Which hemisphere receives less sunlight?
______________________________________
______________________________________
______________________________________
Now, imagine the Earth has revolved around the Sun for 6 months. It is now on the other side
of the Sun, and the Southern hemisphere points at the Sun. Which hemisphere receives more
sunlight?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
Which hemisphere receives less sunlight?
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
What do you predict – When one hemisphere is pointed at the Sun, and receives more direct
sunlight, what season do you think it would be?
_____________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________
What season would it be on the other hemisphere then?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
4
Hemispheres and Seasons
Using what you learned earlier about the hemispheres (everywhere in the north hemisphere
has the same season as the same time, but the opposite season of everywhere in the
southern hemisphere). You should consult the map below.
1. When it is summer in Johannesburg, South Africa, what season is it in Auckland,
New Zealand? (Remember, the seasons are the same for all locations in the
southern or northern hemisphere.)___________________________________
2. When it is spring in Mexico City, Mexico, what seasons is it in Dublin, Ireland?
_____________________________________
3. When it is winter in Tokyo, Japan, what season is it in Buenos Aires, Brazil?
______________________________________
Ireland
Japan
Mexico
Brazil
South Africa
New Zealand
Take a look at the diagram below and see if you can use your knowledge of Earth’s rotation
and the tilt of its axis to figure out why some days are longer than others.
1. What season is it in the Northern Hemisphere?
_________________________________
2. What season is it in the Southern Hemisphere?
_________________________________
3. Where do you think the daylight hours would be shortest?
___________________________
4. Where do you think they would be longest? ___________________________________
5. Can you guess where day and night would be equal? ___________________________________
As you can see in the picture above, the southern continent of Antarctica is found where the axis of the
Earth creates the “South Pole.”
5
Independent Practice
What causes the change from day to night? The Earth rotates on an imaginary line called
an
_______________________
_________________
When it’s day time in your part of the world, Earth makes one full rotation around its axis
are you facing toward or away from the sun? once each
a. week.
b. day.
c. year.
One full orbit of the Earth around the sun is We have day and night on Earth because
called g. the moon revolves around the
Earth.
d. a rotation. h. the Earth rotates on its axis.
e. an axis. i. the Earth tilts on its axis.
f. a revolution.
Which lines of latitude are usually the warmest? Explain the difference between a rotation and
a revolution * Use a complete sentence
a. Latitude lines near the equator
b. Latitude lines near the South
Pole
c. All latitude lines are the same
temperature
Explain the relationship between the distance away from the sun and the time it takes for the
planet to revolve around the sun.
Planets that are closer to the sun have a
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
Which planet has a longer revolution around the Sun? Earth or Jupiter? Explain using complete
sentences
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
6
8.7A: Rotation and R
Earth a
5 The axis on which Earth now rotates is tilted at an angle.
Challenge Yo’Self!
1) The axis on which Earth now rotates is
tilted at an angle.
If the axis was to be changed so that it was
perfectly upright, which change would be
expected on Earth?
a. There would no longer be periods of light
and darkness.
b. It would always be winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
If the axis
c. For every season, the length of the day would was to be changed so that it was perfectly upright,
be shorter.
which change would be expected on Earth?
d. There would not be the same pattern of seasonal changes in weather.
A There would no longer be periods of light and darkness.
2) An illustration is provided showing the relative motions of Earth and the Sun.
B It would always be winter in the Southern Hemisphere.
C For every season, the length of the day would be
shorter.
D There would not be the same pattern of seasonal
changes in weather.
Seasonal variations on Earth would be significantly changed if which of the
following were changed
a. The speed of rotation of Earth
b. The direction of orbit of Earth
c. The speed of rotation of the Sun 3
d. The angle of tilt of Earth’s axis
3) The Southern Hemisphere experiences the coldest seasonal weather during what
portion of the Earth’s orbit?
a. When the orbital speed of the Earth is the fastest
b. During the time when the Earth passes Jupiter
c. When the South Pole tilts away from the Sun
d. During the time when both hemispheres have a full moon
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4) The speed of the rotation of Earth has the greatest effect on which of the following?
a. Length of day and night
b. Path of the Moon’s orbit
c. Length of a year
d. Path of orbit around the Sun
5) Students are modeling the Earth, the Sun, and their relative motions. A basketball
is used to represent the Sun, and a tennis ball is used to represent Earth.
In order to accurately model the cause of day and night on the Earth, the students
must do what with the tennis ball?
Answer in a complete sentence below:
8
Name: _______________________________
7th Grade
Science Date: October 24, 2016
Unit: Earth, Sun, and Moon
Homeroom: ________________________
Lesson: ESM 4 _ Rotation
and Revolution
_______/5 = ________%
DNG? Strive Due Date: A B C D F
1. If the Earth’s axis were straight up and down instead of tilted, what
would the seasons be like?
a. The northern part of Earth would always have winter.
b. The southern part of Earth would always have winter.
c. Both the northern part and southern part would always have
summer.
d. The seasons would be the same all year.
2. Why do we have different seasons? In other words, what causes
summer and winter?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. Draw a picture of the Earth on its tilt. Also, label the EQUATOR, the
NORTHERN HEMISPHERE, and the SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE.
4. Draw a picture of the Earth and the Sun while the Northern
Hemisphere is experiencing Winter.
9
5. Draw a picture of the Earth and the Sun while the Northern
Hemisphere is experiencing Summer.
6. How often does the earth
rotate?________________________________________________
7. How often does the earth revolve around the
sun?__________________________________
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