CBSE Test Paper-02

Class - 12 Physics (Current Electricity)

1. Drift is the random motion of the charged particles within a conductor,

a. along with a very slow net motion in the opposite direction of the field
b. along with accelerated motion in the direction of the field
c. along with a decelerated motion in the direction of the field
d. along with zero motion in the direction of the field
2. The Wheatstone bridge is balanced for four resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 with a cell of

emf 1.46 V. The cell is now replaced by another cell of emf 1.08 V. To obtain the
balance again
a. No resistance needs to be changed
b. Both the resistance R1 and R4 should be changed

c. All the four resistance should be changed

d. Resistance R4 should be changed only

3. Two cells of 1.25 V and 0.75 V are connected in series with anode of one connected to
anode of the other. The effective voltage will be
a. 1.25 V
b. 2.0 V
c. 0.75 V
d. 0.50 V
4. Thermo emf set up in thermocouple varies as , where a, b are
constant and T is temperature in Kelvin. If a = and
, then inversion temperature is:
a. 776°C
b. 388°C
c. None of these
d. 279°C
5. If the electric current in a lamp decreases by 5%, then the power output decreases by
a. 20%
b. 25%
c. 5%

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d. 10%

6. Define the term mobility of charge carriers in a conductor. Write its SI unit.

7. Show variation of resistivity of Si with temperature in graph.

8. Suppose balance point is not obtained on the potentiometer wire. Give one possible
cause for this.

9. In the given circuit, assuming point A to be at zero potential, use Kirchhoff's rules to
determine the potential at point B.

10. A 60 watt bulb carries a current of 0.5 ampere. Find the total charge passing through
it in 1 hour.

11. The sequence of coloured bands in two carbon resistors R1 and R2 is

i. brown, green, blue

ii. orange, black, green.
Find the ratio of their resistances.
12. i. Define the term of drift velocity.
ii. On the basis of electron drift, derive an expression for resistivity of a conductor in
terms of number density of free electrons and relaxation time. On what factors
does resistivity of a conductor depend?
iii. Why alloys like Constantan and Manganin are used for making standard resistors?

13. A wire of resistance is gradually stretched to double its original length. It is then
cut into two equal parts. These parts are then connected in parallel across a 4.0 volt
battery. Find the current drawn from the battery.

14. A heating element using nichrome connected to a 230 V supply draws an initial
current of 3.2 A which settles after a few seconds to a steady value of 2.8 A. What is
the steady temperature of the heating element if the room temperature is 27.0°C?
Temperature co-efficient of resistance of nichrome averaged over the temperature

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range involved is .

15. For the network shown in figure below. Calculate the equivalent resistance between
points A and B.

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CBSE Test Paper-02
Class - 12 Physics Current Electricity
Answers

1. a. along with a very slow net motion in the opposite direction of the field
Explanation: The electrons in a conductor have random velocities and when an
electric field is applied, they suffer repeated collisions and in the process move
with a small average velocity, opposite to the direction of the field. This is
equivalent to positive charge flowing in the direction of the field.

2. a. No resistance needs to be changed

Explanation: The balance point of the Wheatstone’s bridge is determined by
the ratio of the resistances. The change in the e m f of the external battery will
have no effect on the balance point.

3. d. 0.50 V
Explanation: The cells are in opposition.

4. b. 388°C
Explanation: Inversion temperature,

Ti = 388oC

5. d. 10%

Explanation: Power, P = I2R

Decrease in power

Power decrease 10%

6. Electron mobility is how quickly an electron can move through a conductor. It's
determined by the drift velocity and the strength of the electric field as shown in this
equation:

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Its SI unit is m2/V-s or ms-1 N-1 C
7. The variation of resistivity with temperature for semiconductor (Si) is shown in figure
below which shows resistivity of semiconductor material decreases continuously with
increase in temperature.

8. If the emf of the auxiliary battery is less than the emf of the cell to be measured, then
the balance point will not be obtained on the potentiometer wire.

9. By applying Kirchhoff's first law at D,

IDC + 1 = 2

IDC = lA

Along ACDBA, VA + 1 V + 1 2 - 2 = VB

But VA = 0, VB = 1 + 2 - 2 = 1V

VB = 1 V

10. Charge, q = It = 1800 coulomb.

11. The resistance value, tolerance, and wattage rating are generally printed onto the
body of the resistor as numbers or letters when the resistors body is big enough to
read the print, such as large power resistors. According to colour codes, resistance of
two wires are
i. Code of brown = 1

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Code of green = 5
Code of blue = 6

ii. Code of orange = 3

Code of black = 0
Code of green = 5

Ratio of resistances

so ratio of resistance for two wires is 5:1, however we have ignored the possible
errors in measuring the resistance of two wires.
12. i. Drift Velocity : It the average velocity with which electrons move along the
conductor under influence of electric field.

ii. Specific resistance or resistivity of the material of a conductor is defined as the

resistance of a unit length with unit area of cross-section of the material of the
conductor.
The unit of resistivity is ohm-metre or -m.
we know that

From Ohm's law,

V = IR
El = neAvdR

So,
Substituting the value of in Eq. (i)
we have,
Resistivity of the material,
where average relaxation time.
From the above formula, it is clear that resistivity of a conductor depends upon
the following factors:
a. , i.e., the resistivity of material is inversely proportional to the number
density of free electrons (number of free electrons per unit volume). As the

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free electron density depends upon the nature of material, so resistivity of a
conductor depends on the nature of the material.
b. , i.e. the resistivity of a material is inversely proportional to the
average relaxation time of free electrons in the conductor. As the value of
depends on the temperature as temperature increases, decreases, hence
increases.
iii. Alloys like Constantan and Manganin are used for making standard resistors
because
i) They have high value of resistivity
ii) temperature coefficient of resistance is less

13. When any resistor is stretched to double its original length. The new resistance
becomes four times of its original resistance as or

Here, and V = 4.0 volt

New resistance = 4 R =

Resistance of each part (as divided in two parts)

Effective resistance in parallel combination RP is

Current

14. Here,

t1 = 27°

Since R2 = R1[1 + (t2 - t1)]

Thus,
or

= 840.56 + 27
= 867.56°C
= 867°C

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15. The distribution of current in the circuit will be as shown in figure below following
Kirchhoff's first law. Here point F is not a true junction, hence shown separate. If R' is
the effective resistance of circuit between A and B then
E = IR' ...... (i)
In a closed circuit EABE
E = (I - I1)R + (I - I1)R

= 2(I - I1)R ....... (ii)

In a closed circuit GDCG,

or ...... (iii)
In a closed circuit AGCBA, we have
I1R + (I1 - I2)R + I1R - (I - I1)R - (I - I1)R = 0

or 5I1 - I2 = 2I

or [ from (iii)]
or 9I1 = 4I or

Putting this value in (ii) we get

....... (iv)

Comparing (i) and (iv) we get

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