06-08-2023

UNIT 1

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 Meaning and Definition of Physical Education
 Aims and Objectives of Physical Education
 Development of Physical Education in India - Post
Independence
 Changing Trends in Sports- playing surfaces, wearable
gears, sports equipment, technological advancements.
 Career Options in Physical Education
 Khelo India programmes
 Fit India Programme

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As the founder and principal of YMCA College of Physical Education (1920),

Madras, India, Mr. Buck guided the college for 23 years. His work ended at his
death on July 24, 1943, but he left a rich legacy for others to follow

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“Physical education is the part of general education

programme, which is considered with growth,
development and education of children through the
medium of big muscle activities. It is the education
of whole child by means of physical activities.
Physical activities are the tools. They are so selected
and conducted as to influence every child’s life
physically, mentally, emotionally and morally.”
-H. C. BuCk

DEFINITION OF PHYSICAL
EDUCATION

a) Central Advisory Board of Physical Education

and Recreation

“Physical Education is an education.

It is education through physical activities for the
development of the total personality of the child to its
fullness and perfection in body, mind and spirit”
(Indian View)

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AIM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION

Wholesome development
of an individual

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OBJECTIVES OF PHYSICAL
EDUCATION
PHYSICAL
DEVELOPMENT

NEURO
MENTAL
MUSCULAR CO-
DEVELOPMENT
ORDINATION

DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL
OF HEALTH DEVELOPMENT

EMOTIONAL
DEVELOPMENT

Physical Development

 Physical education is related to several physical

activities. When we do any physical activity, it effects
our different body systems—
 blood circulation, respiratory system, muscular system
etc.
 It results in the development of the size, shape and
working efficiency of the organs. It is helpful to make
body healthy and strong.

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Mental Development
 The various physical activities of physical education programs
need alertness of mind, deep concentration and calculated
movements.
 Infact, it is a two-way process. Physical activities sharpen the
mind, which in turn is essential to perform various activities.
 Physical education is also a subject as other educational
subjects. It includes rules and regulations, techniques of games,
anatomical and physiological studies, balanced diet, sanitation,
health and diseases, personal hygiene, etc. In this way, mental
development takes place.

Social Development

related to social
skills
During a competition, players of different region
come together on single platform.
they learn cooperation, support, respect, good
sportsmanship, etc. through these skills, players
can make their nation healthy and strong.

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Emotional Development

through physical activity, person is endowed

with different emotions like happiness, jealousy,
hope, despair, joy, fear, loneliness, etc.
The programs of physical education help
develop these emotions and also teach us to
have proper control over our emotions.

Neuro-muscular Co-ordination
 This objective is concerned with a better relationship between
nervous system and muscular system.
 Invarious game situations, our neuro-muscular coordination is
developed.
 Good neuro-muscular coordination helps to keep off fatigue
during vigorous activities.
 It ensure accurate and smooth functioning of our body.
 While doing physical activities, our reaction time becomes less.

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Development of Health

 It educates on the prevention of communicable

diseases.
 The programs of physical education in modern age
help reduce anxiety, stress and tension up to a large
extent, so that the individuals experience healthy
living.
 It educates us about balanced diet.
 Also encourage about healthy lifestyle.

Physical Education in India – Post

Independence
 Dr. Tara Chand committee was established in 1948 for the improvement of sports
standards in India. It also emphasised on training of teachers in the field of physical
education.
 In 1950 central Advisory Board of physical education and recreation
was established to promote indigenous physical activities and to promote physical
education in all school levels.
 The first Asian games were organised in 1951 in New Delhi for motivating the youth.
 National Institute of sports NIS was established in 1961 in Patiala, Punjab. NIS also
produced qualified coaches in different sports. in 1973 it was renamed Netaji Subhash
National Institute of Sports (NSNIS)

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 1954 All India council of sports was set up to assist financial matters between the
government and National Sports Federations.
 1957 the first College of Physical Education as Laxmibai College of physical
education LCPE Gwalior was established later in 1973 it was renamed Laxmibai
National College of Physical Education LNCPE. In 1995 it was declared a
university from central government LNIPE.
 1975 National Sports Championship was started to promote women participation in
sports.
 1982 Ministry of Sports and Youth Affairs was established And same year 9th Asian
games were organised in Delhi which led to improve sports infrastructure in India.
 1984 The Sports Authority of India SAI was set up to achieve sports excellence at
national and international level. Sports Authority of India established sports hostel in
each state.
 2010 Commonwealth Games were conducted in Delhi.

CHANGING TRENDS IN PHYSICAL

EDUCATION
Playing Surface Throughout history, different sports are played on various surfaces.
The surfaces upon which a sport is played will have a significant impact on the player's experience. Traditionally,
sports were played on natural grass surfaces. In 1960, some sporting organizations started using atrificial pitches.
Artificial plain surfaces were created with the intent of increasing the durability and versatility of the playing
surfaces thereby enabling multi-sport use and providing an indoor surface that was relatively easy to maintain.
But artificial grass has its limited downside: limited life, periodic cleaning requirements, petroleum use, toxic
chemicals and some heightened health and safety concerns for children. Artificial turf has gained recognition
from several respected sporting bodies. The areas in which improvement is needed include player's comfort, the
potential impact on player health, and the visual and physical similarties to natural pitches. Once these issues
have been tackled, synthetic sporting surfaces will probably become more popular as their benefits will outweigh
their weaknesses. They can be used to boost your performance, provide a useful surface in difficult climates and
reduce the cost of maintenance.

Sports Clothing, Equipment & Wearable Gears

Sports Equipment In recent years, technology has had a gigantic impact on almost every aspect of our society.
Technology has touched everything balls, bats, rackets, skates, even wheelchairs. Technology has entirely
revolutionized the desigining of equipments like shoes, uniforms, gloves, helmets, and pads. Sporting equipment
is now more hi tech and high-functioning.

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Wearable Gears: Wearable Technology has changed the way sports

are evaluated. Today, we are not depending on human eyes to make judgments in the
games played. The rise of everything from GPS tracker to RFID chips with the
help of which Sports officials can calculate scores with instant, impartial and
quantifitable data. There are many types of wearable technology in sports.
Smartwatches are popular with both professional athletes and amateur fitness
enthusiasts, and they are suitable for a wide range of activities that can make use of
calories, step, distance, pulse, and heart rate tracking. Other, more specialized wearable
technology examples include things like smart clothing. These items can be designed
with specific activities in mind. There are even head-mounted displays that can be built
into helmets to keep race car drivers in radio contact with their pit crews. The benefits
of wearable technology in sports are numerous. Not only can they track health and
fitness data to optimize athletic performance but they can also be used to prevent
injuries by identifying danger zones.

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Shoes - Through year of testing and experience, athletes and sports scientists have worked to find
the perfect blend of lightweight shoes and optimal grip that allows an athlete to hit the corners harder and
faster.

Clothing: In swimming, earlier nylon and lycra were used which enable swimsuits to be more
formfitting and less water absorbent. Now new suits are being developed to reduce drag and increase
performance, In other sports new clothing is being designed to wick sweat away from the body by evaporation
instead of absorbing it.

Tennis Rackets: Earlier wooden rackets were used. In the 1960s, metal rackets were
introduced which increases the racket lifespan. In the 1980s wooden rackets became obsolete and brands
instead made graphite rackets which became lighter and lighter also improving performance.

Protective Equipment: From helmets to cleats, new technology in sports

equipment has revolutionized the way that manufacturers keep athletes safe from injury. Helmet manufacturers
have produced helmets with technologically advanced materials to produce safe and more comfortable helmets.

Technological Advancements
 New technology is to protect athletes, engage fans, track world records and make it
easier to officiate the games.
Some of the technological advancement that has been introduced in givenbelow:
1. Instant Replay: Instant replay is an example of the remarkable technology
being used in sports today. With this technology, officials are able to slow down and re-
examine what happened during a play, which provides a much-needed second
perspective for controversial sports moments. Instant replay is used in games like
baseball, football, cricket, rugby and soccer. It is even used in combat. sports and mixed
martial arts.

2. Sensor Tools: Sensor tools are often used to analyze whether a goal is valid.
They are also used in cases where the naked eye cannot truly tell if it went past the goal
line or if a player committed a foul or other offense. Different sports use varying sensor
tools.

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3. Timing System: When timing a race, the stopwatch has been replaced
by more accurate timing system: this means that differences in reaction time
no longer affect the precision and consistency of racing events.

4. RFID Chips: This is one of the best examples of technology in sports.

RFID chips are used to time individual contestants in an event. They are tiny
devices with build-in antennas that are attached with wireless signals to
tracking stations. RFID chips are often used in long-distance races to help
broadcasters and viewers track the exact location of contestants during a
race..

CAREER OPTIONS IN PHYSICAL

EDUCATION
Teaching Career

Coaching Career

Health Related Careers

Administration Related Careers

Performance Related Careers

Careers In Communication Media

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TEACHING CAREER
Elementary school

Middle school

High school

Senior secondary
school
College and
Universities

COACHING CAREER
 Coaching in middle schools, high schools
and senior secondary schools
 Specially in private public schools
 In colleges and universities
 In state sports department
 With professional teams
 Commercials sports clubs
 Private enterprises

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HEALTH RELATED CAREERS

To provide To prevent
Health and weight control sports injuries
weight control and nutritional rehabilitation of
club counselling injured athletes

Fitness Athletic
clubs trainer

ADMINISTRATION RELATED CAREERS

Department of
Physical Education

Sports
Sports
Facilities
Depart-
Manage-
ment
ment

Industrial
Recreation

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PERFORMANCE RELATED
CAREERS

As a As an
player official

CAREERS IN COMMUNICATION
MEDIA
Sports
Journalism
Sports
Industry Book Writing

Marketing
Sports
Photography

Sports Book
Broadcasting Publishing

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1. In Teaching 2. In Training 3. In Health/Fitness 4. In Performance 5. In Media

Sector Sector (Coaching) related Sector related Sector Sector
• Sports Fitness
• In Schools, • Sports
Trainer
• At Primary level Colleges, • Professional Players Journalism
Medicine
University • Book Author
• Sports Dietician
• In Various Sports • Sports • Sports Planning • Sports
• At Middle level
Institution Psychology Officer Photography
• Industrial • Sports • Sports • Sports Broad
• At Secondary level
Recreation Nutritionist Management casting
• Sports advertising
• At College and • Sports Facility • In Gyms as • Recreational
(Sports equipments
University level Management Athletic Trainer Sports Management
marketing)
• Teaching at other
• Health/Fitness • Performance
Professional • Administration • Sports Industry
Industry Analyist
Institution

Khelo India Program

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Khelo India
 formerly Khelo India School Games (KISG) or Khelo India Youth
Games (KIYG) , held annually in January or February, are the national
level multidisciplinary grass root games in India.
 It held for two categories, namely under-17 years school students and
Khelo India University Games (KIUG), under-21 college students.
 Every year best 1000 kids will be given an annual scholarship
of INR 5,00,000 for 8 years to prepare them for the international sporting
events.
 2018- Delhi
 Launched by – Ministry of Sports and Youth Affairs. (Rajyavardhan
Singh)
 Inaugrated by – Mr. Narendra Modi

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FIT INDIA MOVEMENT

 Fit India Movement was launched on 29 August, 2019 by our Hon'ble
Prime Minister of India Shri Narendra Modi at Indira Gandhi Stadium in
New Delhi. It was launched with a view to make fitness as an integral part
of our daily lives.
 Fit India Movement was launched on the occasion of the birth anniversary
of Major Dhyan Chand, India's hockey legend.
 Fit India movement' is a nationwide fitness programme to encourage
people to remain healthy and agile by including physical activity and
sports in our daily lives. This programme includes three age groups, i.e., 5-
18 years, 18-64 years and 65 years
 It provides an extraordinary opportunity to work towards a healthier India.
Its aim is to encourage people to inculcate physical activity and sports on a
regular basis.

 Slogans on Fit India

 If the body is fit, the mind is hit Fit India hit India
 Healthy people, healthy families, healthy society
 Fitness is not a destination, it is a way of health
 Commit yourself to be healthy and fit
 Fitness ki dose, Adha Ghanta roj

Benefits of Fit India Movement

 (i) A great number of people will try to keep themselves healthy and fit. Minimum number of people will feel sick and thus
India will be a healthy and fit nation.
 (ii) People will be able to work for extra hours. They will be able to stay active fora long time.
 (iii) It will be able to increase longevity because physical activities reduce the risks of fatal diseases.
 (iv) It boosts physical health. It improves lung function and cardiovascular health and finally helps in preventing lifestyle
diseases.
 (v) It helps in reducing the risk of mental disorders, depression and anxiety. Indeed, it helps in enhancing mood and improves
sleep patterns by increasing serotonin, endorphins and stress hormones in the brain.
 (vi) It improves bone density and flexibility. It also reduces the risks of osteoporosis.

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