FACTORS RESULTING TO ABSENTEEISM IN GRADE 5 MD PUPILS OF PAYAPA

ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Research Paper Submitted to the Facility of Turac National High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the requirement of the subject in the investigation,

Inquiry and Immersion

Researcher:

Justine B. Domingo

Research Consultant:

Sir. Isaiah Miguel Supnet III

Research Adviser:

Mr.Cristopher R. Pagdanganan

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND

S.Y. 2019-2020
Chapter 1

Introduction

Background of the study

Absenteeism is a big obstacle in the growth of any schools. Number of

researchers had already run behind absenteeism and some are still running just to find

out the main causes of it and also to provide some solutions that can combat it. Nature

of industries may be different, schools may be big or small but this problem called

absenteeism is like a slow poison, if not identified and removed may cause a served

problems in any organization, that may result in losses, disputes, conflicts, stress and

more over dissolving of the schools. Absence control can often be an important step in

reducing the business costs as it is a problem that do not comes alone, with itself, it

brings lot other problems that come along with huge financial losses, as the number of

researches in their quantitative researches have proven that companies with high

absenteeism bears heavy financial losses due to interrupted or ceased work.

As a known fact, literacy rate is increasing and as a resultant number of

companies are also increasing and this is finally increasing the competition among

industries. This increasing competition is putting a lot of pressures on all the players in

the competition as it is making it difficult for employers to do well in the market and to

survive in long run. Therefore, many companies are struggling to combat with this

problem of workers absenteeism. No matter how good infrastructure a company have,

no matter what a good raw material or machinery a company possess but until and

unless a company have a regular and dedicated workforce it cannot even think of

achieving the targets.

When the workforce is not regular or remains absent from duty or come late and

go early or extend lunch breaks or toilet breaks, or make excuses for being on leave,

these habits are called as absenteeism. Absenteeism is one of the major factors that

affect optimum utilization of human resources. It is an industrial malady affecting

productivity, interpersonal relationships, behavior of the co-workers and labor turnover

rate. Even if only few workers are having habit of remaining absent it may become

communicable and can influence other workers in same way. So before it’s too late,

management may take some serious steps to cease or confiscate absenteeism from

workplace.

We all are acquainted with the fact, as far as production is concerned it is done

by floor workers and when these workers adopt the habit of being absent in any form, it

starts affecting the company in many ways. Gradually, this practice of being absent, in

workers start affecting the productivity and the production goes down and so the

goodwill of the related company. There are major influencers that cause absenteeism in

industries, and have a relation with productivity too; these influencers are interpersonal

relationships, behavior of job related attitude and labor turnover. This study is focusing

on major causes of absenteeism in related industry,

In connection with this, the researchers have come up with a study the Factors

Resulting to absenteeism in Grade 5 MD pupils of payapa Elementary School.

Statement of the problem

The study aims to the determine the factors resulting to absenteeism in Grade 5

MD pupils of payapa elementary school,

Specifically, it seeks to answer the following sub-problems:

1. What are the possible Factors resulting to absenteeism in grade 5 md

pupils of payapa elementary school in terms of:

• Laziness

• Family problems

• Location

• Financial problems

• Bully

2. Plan of action/Recommended

Conceptual Framework

Figure 1 present the framework of the study.

Internet Questionnaire Factors Resulting to

Administration Absenteeism in
Computer
Grade V MD Pupils
Ratings
of Payapa
Elementary School
Significant of study

Result of this study could help benefit the following entities:

Students As the study looked forwards to study of Factors Resulting to absenteeism in

Grade 5 MD pupils of payapa elementary school, It is imperative to determining the

Factors Resulting to absenteeism in Grade 5 MD pupils of payapa elementary school to

elevate their learning on how essential to go to school.

Teachers This study will also help them to be aware with their action towards of their

students

Future researcher -This could be their guide if they are interested about this study and

can make further research about the Factors Resulting to absenteeism in Grade 5 MD

pupils of payapa elementary school

Parents- This Study will help them to know what their fault why their child is always

absenting in their class

Definition of terms

For more understanding and proper interpretation and definition of the study, the

key terms are here under defined.

Absenteeism - the practice of regularly staying away from work or school without good

reason.

Laziness- Laziness is disinclination to activity or exertion despite having the ability to

act or to exert oneself. It is often used as a pejorative; terms for a person seen to be

lazy include "couch potato", "slacker", and "bludger".

Financial problems-financial pressure is a situation where money worries are causing

you stress. Many people are facing hard financial times and the impact on mental health

can be significant. These problems can seem impossible to overcome, but you can get

help and take steps to improve your situation.

Location-You want to find route or near places Location maps will help you do that

thing, The first we provide for user with functions advanced the best way.

Family Problems-  means a kind of troubled relationship between family members

which in turn leads to tensions, whether these problems result from the misconduct of

a family member or the two main parties, and the frequent quarrels and differences

between parents, or between children or between children and parents.

Bully- School bullying is a type of bullying that occurs in any educational setting. For an act to be

considered bullying, it must meet certain criteria. This includes hostile intent, imbalance of power,

repetition, distress, and provocation. 

Scope and Delimitation

This research study will mainly focus on the determining the factors

resulting to absenteeism in Grade 5 MD pupils of payapa elementary school in the

school year 2019-2020

CHAPTER II

RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

According to Reid (2000) and Gentle-Genitty (2008), other results include not wanting to

get up in the morning, receiving strict punishment, sleeping late, not completing

homework, being in a grade that is one above or one below the regular grade level,

switching to another school in the middle or the beginning of the school year, feeling

extreme test pressure, feeling constantly ill, and having siblings who are regularly

absent. Participating in fun activities and socializing with their peers outside of school

are also among the reasons (Williams, 2001). Interestingly, as Clark (2008) indicated,

some students are absent since they find courses difficult and some others are absent

because they find the courses monotonous and boring. Family factors. Another major

reason for absenteeism is "family factors". A student's parent has a significant impact on

his attendance in school (Clark, 2008). Research indicates the following reasons for

student absenteeism arising from the family: family's socio-economic level; family's

need for student to work; parenting skills; psychological problems; support or neglect;

alcohol or drug problems; criminal behavior (McCluskey et al., 2004; Clark, 2008; Reed,

2000); the lack of consistency; divorce; inter-parent conflicts; family structure, such as a

single parent; interest or control level for the student's behavior; parents have low

education level; negative past school experiences; lack of participation in school or not

understanding procedures; and not providing environment for the student to do

homework (Corville-Smith, Ryan Adams, & Dalicandro, 1998 ; Rood, 1989; Corley,

2012; GentleGenitty, 2008, Eastman et al., 2007, 2007; Reed, 2000). The level of

respect the family has for education is seen as a role model for students. The primary
responsibility of parents is to ensure their children regularly attend school. Conditions at

home have a significant impact on children’s attendance and on their promptness. Poor

family control and lack of persistence is perhaps one of the most important factors

behind school absenteeism (Pehlivan, 2006). Family control can be defined as parents'

knowledge about their child's activities, friends and the information regarding his

whereabouts (Cetin & Cok, 2011). Disinterested families are often seldom concerned

with their children’s success or failure. They do not help in solving the problems at

school and they rarely attend parent-school meetings. These families are unlikely to

create a disciplined environment for children at home (Hallam & Rogers, 2008).

According to Williams (2001), today's high school students are controlled less than their

parents were in the past. As well as lack of control and lack of monitoring, some parents

ignore the excuses with less than a valid reason. In so doing, they are supporting and

justifying the absenteeism. School factors. School-related factors influence students'

decisions toward school attendance. A school’s attitude and rules against absenteeism

are factors that are contribute to the absenteeism problem (Eastman et al., 2007).

According to Robinson (2009), schools’ procedures are inconsistent and do not produce

meaningful results in reducing absenteeism. Students are not receiving clear messages

from the school about the importance of attendance. Tolerant policies or lack of firm

implementation for existing policies gives the wrong message to students and parents

about the importance of attendance (Clarke, 2008). Wall (2000) also indicated that

inconsistency of policies, lack of meaningful results and poor school record keeping

have a Absenteeism interrupts the learning process. The educational system is founded

on the assumption that students will attend school (Balfanz & Byrnes, 2012). For
example, in Turkey students in upper secondary education are obliged to attend

according to the Ministry of Education Secondary Education Institutions, Article 40,

Passing and Exam Regulation. Students’ success depends on complete participation in

all classes. As seen, legal texts support this assumption. Direct and indirect costs of

absenteeism are extremely high to the individuals, schools, families and communities.

First of all, absenteeism in school negatively affects student learning experience and

academic achievement. Absenteeism reduces the success because students miss their

education time. This also results in loss of other students’ time since teachers must use

additional time to compensate, which leads to lost teaching time for all students (Rood,

1989; Williams, 2001; Eastman, Cooney, O'Connor & Small, 2007). This effect is

observed significantly more in progressive interconnected courses such as

mathematics. Students who miss certain classes have difficulty learning other subjects

and are forced to expend more effort. When students fall behind in their learning, they

lose interest and fail (Pehlivan, 2006). In addition, students feel an increasing sense of

alienation toward their classmates, teachers and their school (Lannegrand-Willems,

Cosnefroy, & Lecigne, 2012). Also absent students can set a bad example and

encourage absenteeism among other students (Pehlivan, 2006)

RELATED STUDIES

'Foreign

Attending school regularly is a vital factor in school success for both students and

teachers. Excessive school absenteeism is often lined to poor school Academic

achievement, so school attendance by both teachers and students plays an integral role

in the success and educational advancement levels of any academic institution and all

students enrolled. Successful schools cannot survive without physically present

students .According to the “Excessive Absences Intervention” research study by author

Linda L. fewer hours of instruction, and a disruption of class instruction for teachers who

have to administer remediation for the absent student when he returns to school.

Excessive absenteeism by students may additionally result in poor academic

achievement because students are not receiving instruction on a consecutive basis.

This problem also causes low standardized test scores because absent students are

not present to learn key concepts and sills that are assessed on standardized exams.

Excessive student absenteeism can lead to an increasing disinterest in school and

academics in general

. According to author Jason A. choeneberger’s

“Longitudinal Attendance Patterns”

study, excessive absenteeism increases the chances of a student ventually dropping

out of school, which can lead to long term consequences for these students, such as

lower average incomes, higher incidences of unemployment, and a higher livelihood of

incarceration. choeneberger asserts that students who drop out of school face a higher

risk" of poverty because of their inability to secure quality paying employment due to

their lack of education and resources. Dropouts who lack education and resources are

more likely to commit criminal activity leading to incarceration. According to the Center

for Comprehensive school reform and Improvement, attendance rates effectively

predicted whether a student would fail a course or not, and Surprisingly, attendance rate

trumped grade point averages in predicting whether a student would fail a class or not.

In other words, a student could perform very highly academically, but would likely still

fail if he missed too much class. Additionally, the more a student missed school over the

course of several subset/sent years of school, the more his A declined and the further

behind he became in all subjects.

Local

The study showed that being absent for three days in a month strongly correlates with

poor performance. As educators, it is important to know the threshold. Drawing

policieson school intervention regarding absenteeism requires guiding information on

where to draw the line. Policies cannot be simply drawn out of thin air. Three days in a

month, that number, a result of research, is a useful guide for teachers and school

administrators. $he study as described by the article is only an initial analysis of the

data. Ongoing research will continue to unravel further the underlying factors that result

into absenteeism. This is an important task" since this information likewise is necessary

to design the interventions that are relevant (de; Dios, 2010)

Foreign

Students in various gender groups, school levels, and locations are at-risk of dropping

out for various reasons. Come of these factors are common to all dropouts, while others
are more "evenly associated with specific groups. The adverse effect of Poverty On

children’s participation in school is clearly manifested in all dropouts, and in many

different ways depending on whether they are male or female, are in elementary or

secondary, in lower or higher school level, and in urban or rural areas. Those who come

from rural areas are most vulnerable in two ways. First, because their parents have little

and irregular income, they often lack money for school-related expenses such as school

allowance, transportation, uniforms and class requirements.

Families with limited financial resources prioriti0e their expenses, allotting

whatever little money they have to more urgent family needs like food, a finding which

supports earlier studies (Capili,1992. Only when parents have sufficient income are they

able to provide for school supplies and expenditures. Second children from rural areas

are forced to engage in household tasks and income-generating Work by virtue of their

economic conditions. Boys from rural areas, regardless of age, help parents earn

money they take on whatever means of livelihood is available, from simple tasks like

weeding, to physically demanding work" such as farming and fishing. This finding is

consistent with an earlier report that documented a rather large percentage of young

boys engaged in child labor (National Statistics Office & International Labor

Organization 2001). Young girls, on the hand, are often asked to be caretakers for

Younger siblings and, when necessary, for sick parents older ones find employment

either as farm help or housemaids. While parents consider education as a valuable

option for alleviating their poverty, they are compelled to withdraw their children from

school whenever it becomes more economically beneficial for the family. Aside from

financial difficulties, school-related causes such as loss of interest and lack of

motivation are also associated with dropping out Teacher factor is particularly most

prominent among young boys. As for older boys, family and peers wield a strong

influence on their school attendance family problems and peer pressure affect

attendance and performance in school. The complexity of the dropout phenomenon

requires manifold and concerted solutions. Where poverty adversely deters schooling,

parents, schools and communities can work together to mitigate its effects on young

learners. for example, lack of money for school-related expenses can be resolved

through donations and assistance from Charitable organizations, private companies and

local community members. Transportation services, breakfast programs, book loans,

financial aids, and other kinds of services have already been shown to be effective in

preventing dropout (Bureau of Elementary Education, 1992;Petilo, 2006). Schools

should coordinate with and seek support from the local government and the community

to institute similar programs for students who are at-risk. School-related causes such as

fear of teacher and ineffective classroom management can be worked out through

Teachers Re-tooling and curriculum planning.

Local

Family-related causes such as childcare and other domestic duties can be

addressed through community-based interventions such as day care services

designated for children of working mothers. Student-related causes such as poor health,

peer influence, and low motivation can be managed using local government health

programs and school guidance services. Students in various gender groups, school
levels, and locations are at-risk of dropping out for various reasons. Some of these

factors are common to all dropouts, while others are more keenly associated with

specific groups. The adverse effect of poverty on children’s participation in school is

clearly manifested in all dropouts, and in many different ways depending on whether

they are male or female, are in elementary or secondary, in lower or higher school level,

and in urban orrural areas. Those who come from rural areas irregular income, they

often lack money for school-related expenses such as school allowance, transportation,

uniforms and class requirements. Families with limited financial resources prioriti0e their

expenses, allotting whatever little money they have to more urgent family needs like

food, a finding which supports earlier studies ( Capili 1992)

SYNTHESIS

Based on the Related Literature and Studies above, shows that absenteeism is the one

majority problem of all institution around the world, So therefore, there is a need of

Investigate regarding the Factors Resulting to Absenteeism in Grade V, MD Pupils of

Payapa Elementary School

CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This portion presents an in depth analysis of the procedure and methods to be

done in the conduct of this investigation. This includes the Research Design, Population

and Sample, Sampling Procedure, Data Collection Instrument and Treatment of Data.

Research Design

Descriptive method of research was used in this study. Qualitative research design is

a non-experimental of research.

Population and Sample

The researchers was used 30 students from grade 5 MD based on Slovin’s formula.

And we use random proportion to know the total of boys and girls that we need as our

respondents. And last we use simple random sampling for us to know who will be our

respondents.

Sampling Procedure

The researchers made a questionnaire to guide the interviewer. There are questions

that the 30 students from grade 5 MD needs to answer. Each questions is all about the

factors resulting to absenteeism

Data Collection Instrument

The researchers designed interview as one of the data collection instrument of this

study, the grade 5 MD was interviewed. This in depth interview were aim to identify

every effects cause by too much exposure in absenteeism.

Chapter IV

Data Analysis and Enterpretation

FACTORS

RESPONDENTS LOCATION FAMILY FINANCIAL LAZINESS BULLYING

PROBLEM PROBLEM
1 2 5 1 4 3
2 4 5 1 3 2
3 1 4 3 2 5
4 2 4 1 5 3
5 4 5 2 3 1
6 2 5 1 3 4
7 4 5 3 1 2
8 4 5 1 2 3
9 5 2 3 1 4
10 1 2 3 4 5
11 5 2 1 4 3
12 2 4 1 5 3
13 2 4 1 5 3
14 5 4 1 2 3
15 1 5 2 4 3
16 4 5 1 3 2
17 2 4 1 5 3
18 3 5 1 4 2
19 2 5 1 4 3
20 3 4 1 5 2
21 2 5 1 4 3
22 1 2 3 5 4
23 1 2 5 4 3
24 1 4 3 5 2
25 2 5 1 4 3
26 1 2 5 3 4
27 2 4 1 3 5
28 2 3 1 5 4
29 2 5 1 3 4
30 1 5 2 4 3
RESULTS 73 121 53 109 94
=2
=5 =1 =4 =3
The table above shows the answers of 30 respondents in grade V M.D

pupils of Payapa Elementary School on the study, factors resulting to absenteeism. The

researcher compute all the factors resulting to absenteeism by adding all the answers

that indicates on the questionnaire made by the researcher. As the results of the table,

respondents rate their possible factors from 1-5 resulting to absenteeism in ascending

order. The sum of all factors also identified in ascending order to know the ratings from

1-5 resulting to absenteeism. The result of the location is equal to 73 responses, the

family problem is equal to 121 responses, and financial problem is equal to 53

responses, laziness is equal to 109 and lastly the bullying is equal to 94 responses. So I

therefore conclude that the primary factor of absenteeism on grade V M.D pupils of

payapa Elementary School is the financial problem with a total of 53 responses.

PLAN OF ACTION / RECOMMENDED

 Rate your family on Inspiration

 Be friendly to everyone NO MORE

ABESENTE
 Make fun to your classmates, have a joyful moment EISM

 Be positive to what you’re doing

CHAPTER V

Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

1. Based on the Findings

2. Based on the findings, the plan of action/ recommended are make your family an

inspiration. Be friendly to everyone, make fun to your classmates to have a joyful

moment and be passionate of what they doing that helps to prevent absenteeism.

CONCLUSIONS
1. I therefore conclude that financial problem is the top 1 primary factor resulting to

absenteeism in grade V M.D pupils of PAYAPA Elementary School.

2. Also concluded that the top 2 factor is the location, top 3 is caused by bullying,

top 4 is the laziness and the top 5 is family problem indicating that they are lack

of financial and nothing to family problem that results to absenteeism.

RECOMMENDATION
1. I recommend students to study hard even if they lack of financial assistant,

money is everywhere studying is the most important thing. Don’t miss the day

because every day is important.

2. I also recommend, always remember that education is the most powerful weapon

that we have. So that we need to study and focus on our goal in our life.
BIBLIOGRAPHY

https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1097992.pdf?fbclid=IwAR0vWz5oETxN1yikfbGwBpIW-

Oj3UvQ41ogzN04PmXOHizVBo26GJ0W84ok

https://www.academia.edu/35891899/Statement_of_the_Problem?fbclid=IwAR292AgEWi-

eTNknawcYp8AhNzwblr5fkIc9xPsZ4h1axINm40mlpyUtV08
Questionnaire on the study Factors Resulting to Absenteeism in Grade V MD

Pupils of Payapa Elementary School

NAME: (Optional) Allen M. Padapat

Direction: Rate your possible factors from 1-5 resulting to Absenteeism in ascending
order.
2 Location (Layo ng paaralan mula sa tahanan)
5 Family problem (Problema sa pamilya)
1 Financial problem (Problema sap era)
4 Laziness (Katamaran o Katamadan)
3 Bullying