P R O D U C T D ATA S H E E T Sheet No.

4 May 2007

S TA N DA R D B R AC I N G O F S I M P L E
D U O P I TC H E D T R U S S E D R A F T E R R O O F S
FOR DWELLINGS
Why brace trussed rafter roofs? The system of bracing reproduced in this Data Sheet may be
used without any further calculations, provided that the
Trussed rafters must be braced to create a rigid and stable
limitations summarised are met in full.
roof structure. If the bracing is omitted, wrongly positioned
or badly fixed, it may result in distortion or failure of
individual trusses or in some instances the whole roof. The Functions of Roof Bracing
Roof bracing performs three distinct functions:
Bracing Responsibility Temporary bracing This is used to restrain the trusses
The Building Designer and not the trussed rafter supplier is during erection. See Product Data Sheet No.3 for more
responsible for designing and detailing all elements of roof information.
bracing required in the roof including any bracing required
by the truss designer in order to provide lateral restraint to Truss Stability bracing This is permanent bracing which
truss members. The Trussed Rafter Designer will inform the holds the trusses upright, straight and prevents any out-of-
Building Designer of any truss integrity bracing required, eg plane buckling of the members.
compression web braces.
Wind or wall bracing This bracing is installed in the roof in
This product Data Sheet shows a astandard method of addition to the truss stability bracing and its purpose is to
bracing to provide roof stability for spans up to 12m. stabilise the gable walls under the action of wind loading.
BS5268-3 Annex A gives details on bracing trusses up to
17m.

Longitudinal
Fig. 1 The elements of roof bracing Binders

Chevron Brace Chevron Brace

Gable Wall

Diagonal Wind Brace

Longitudinal
Truss Binders

During the erection process Temporary Bracing is

Temporary Brace
used to restrain the trussed rafters until it is
possible to install permanent bracing

Trusses @ max. 600mm centres

Application of Standard Bracing Fig. 2 Positions of longitudinal braces

The standard bracing method given in this Product Data Sheet is for
use in the bracing of trussed rafter roofs up to 12m in span. The use
of this system, however, is dependent upon the wind loads imposed
on the roof and Table 1 (see page 4) shows how the allowable span
of the roof is affected by the building’s exposure to wind speed.
25mm gap left above these braces to clear
Notwithstanding Table 1, the use of this standard bracing method
diagonal brace
does not apply to buildings erected upon long stretches of open,
fairly level country with no shelter such as flat coastal fringes, fens,
airfields or large open areas of fen, moor or farmland. Fig. 3 The fixing of longitudinal braces

Longitudinal braces to tightly abut gable and party walls

Conditions of Use
In using this standard method of roof bracing the following
conditions must be observed:

• For masonry walls the maximum unsupported length must not

exceed 9m between returns, buttresses or chimneys.

• The masonry wall must be at least 180mm thick for solid walls
and 190mm for cavity walls.

• The maximum trussed rafter spacing is not to exceed 600mm.

• Maximum floor to ceiling height is 2.6m.

• Plasterboard ceilings of 9.5mm for trusses at 450 centres or

12mm for trusses at 600mm centres respectively.

• Bracing members to be 89mm min. width with 22mm min. depth

with a 2134mm2 min. cross sectional area nailed to every
Brace lapped over 2 trusses
adjacent trussed rafter with 2 x 3.35mm diameter galvanised
wire nails with a length at least 32mm longer than the bracing
thickness (normally 65mm long nails are used). Nails should be Fig. 4 Position of diagonal wind braces
no closer than 50mm to the cut end of any brace.
Diagonal brace nailed to
NOTE: 3.1mm machine nails may be used in lieu of 3.35mm
every trussed rafter
standard wire nails.

• Bracing members may be jointed by overlapping over at least

two trussed rafters.

• At least 4 rafter diagonal braces (see Fig. 1) are fixed to the

underside of rafters at approx. 45°.

• Longitudinal bracing (see Fig. 1) is located at all node points

(including the apex but excluding support points).
Fig. 5 Plan of rafter diagonal bracing on differing plan
• Other such bracing as may be required by the truss designer
shapes
should be incorporated. See Fig. 7 for cross-
• Chevron bracing (see Figs 1 & 8) should be included for spans over detail
over 8m.

• Attention is drawn to the need for lateral restraint straps to

Gable

brickwork in accordance with the Building Regulations. Span

Ridge Line

Wide fronted roof Narrow fronted roof

PA G E 2
Other considerations Fig. 6 Plan of rafter diagonal bracing arrangement on a
wide fronted roof
If an insulation material is installed on top of the rafters it may
reduce the effect of the tiling batten restraint to rafters. Additional
bracing may, therefore, be required underneath the rafter as
specified by the truss designer.

Plasterboard should be fixed directly to the face of the ceiling tie

members of the trussed rafters or continuous counter battens.

Ridge
Where plasterboard is omitted the ceiling tie members need to be
braced at all nodes and one or more additional longitudinal brace
may be required in the bays as determined by the trussed rafter
design. Diagonal bracing in the outer ceiling tie bays should also be
fixed at 45degrees and extend the length of the building.

Chevron bracing Alternative direction of diagonal bracing

Chevron bracing is needed to ensure stability on duopitch roof spans

over 8m and monopitch roof spans over 5m span. The arrangement
of the braces are shown in Fig. 8.

Braces need not overlap along the roof and one or two trussed
rafters may be left (at position A in Fig. 8) between the ends of
adjacent braces. Braces should be at about 45 degrees and be nailed
to at least 3 trussed rafters.

Roof sarking
Where approved sarking materials are directly fixed to the top face
of the rafter members, it is permissible to omit the rafter diagonal Fig. 7 Splicing of intersecting diagonal braces and end
bracing, chevron bracing on webs and longitudinal bracing at rafter jointing
Brace length lap jointed over at least
level. two trusses if necessary

Sarking / Sheathing material must be moisture resistant and provide

Ideally 45deg + or -10 deg

an adequate level of restraint to out-of-plane buckling and wind 22 x 97 x 600mm long
forces. See BS5268-3 for more information on suitable materials timber splice plate nailed
using min. of 4 x 3.35mm
x 65 mm long galvanised
wire nails each side driven
through and clenched

Fig. 8 Alternative fixing arrangement for chevron braces

(truss span over 8m)
A

PA G E 3
Table 1 Limiting spans for standard bracing
Fig. 9 Basic wind zones

This information sheet gives a summary of the standard bracing requirements given in BS 5268-3. All the information given here should
be read in conjunction with the requirements of that standard. The guidelines contained within this information sheet are given in good
faith but without liability and its use shall be entirely at the risk of the user.

For more information on the bracing of trussed rafter roofs readers are recommended to study BS 5268 - 3, “Structural use of timber -
Code of practice for trussed rafter roofs” available from the British Standards Institution. Figure A4 from BS 5268-3 is reproduced with
the permission of BSI under licence number 2002SK/0190. British Standards can be obtained from BSI Customer Services, 389 Chiswick
High Road, London W4 4AL. (Tel + 44 (0) 20 8996 9001).

Further detailed reading on bracing methods can also be found in the ‘Technical Handbook’ available from the Trussed Rafter Association.

T R U S S E D R A F T E R A S S O C I AT I O N
P.O.Box 571
Chesterfield S40 9DH
Tel & Fax: 01246 230036
email:[email protected]
www.tra.org.uk
PA G E 4