Healthcare Management

In this article, we build on the results of a participatory action research project in
healthcare to discuss a number of methods that can strengthen the link between
reflexive work and authoring in organizational contexts. We argue that, from an
organizational point of view, the challenge is to devise new ways to configure (and
consider) people as the authors of their work. This means assuming responsibility for,
and constructively contributing to, the goals of the organizations to which they belong.
Combining insights from theoretical reflection and experience from the field, the article
discusses the tools, process and material conditions for fostering practical reflexivity
and organizational authorship. We conclude that much is to be gained if we distinguish
between authorship and authoring. Authorship is the general process whereby managers
and organizational members contribute to the reproduction of organizational realities.
Authoring is constituted by the special circumstances whereby authorship is brought to
critical consciousness and becomes open to deliberate reorientation.

Healthcare management systems are undergoing dramatic changes. These changes are being driven by several factors, one of which are the ideas originating in the field of value-based healthcare. However, the concept of value in the value-based healthcare paradigms means different things to different researchers and practitioners. Furthermore, there are many challenges in the attempt to measure value in healthcare in monetary units. These do not preclude that some aspects of human life and health improvements be evaluated monetarily, and that other non-monetary measures be developed. Moreover, as in any other economic endeavor, value is created by both improving outcomes and/or reducing costs. Although cost measurement in the healthcare sector has all the complexity of costing in any other industry, the real complexities are in measuring the benefits, especially when these are defined to be related to individual welfare and preferences. Some considerations concerning a number of widely used methodologies in healthcare economics attempt to contribute to the development of an acceptable definition of value that may be helpful to the development of value-based healthcare management.

Issues: People in different regions of the world have been using Moringa oleifera (Lam) for the treatment of various disorders such as headaches, febrile illness, inflammation, gastrointestinal ailments, heart disease, asthma, and rheumatism. This plant is also used for nutritional benefits as well as to prevent diseases. Objective: This study aims to determine the medicinal benefits of Moringa oleifera and its influence on the health outcomes amongst poor communities in Zaria, Nigeria. The study assessed the current understanding of this topic because of its significance on the health of populations in different regions of the world. Study Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to measure multiple factors to identify the medicinal benefits of Moringa oleifera and its influence on the health outcomes amongst poor communities in Zaria NorthWest Nigeria. Principal Findings: Most people (99.3%) in the community use M. oleifera and they have reported medicinal benefits in a variety of health conditions (cough, fever, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arthritis, headache, abdominal problems, health promotion, hunger, and nutrition). The commonest experience of medicinal benefit (24.9%) and the best outcome in using M. oleifera (45.5%) was reported in the treatment of hypertension. The results have also shown that all individuals that consume the Moringa oleifera plant have improved health outcomes. Conclusion: Moringa oleifera is being used for a variety of medical benefits and has a positive influence on the health outcomes of the poor communities in Zaria, Nigeria.

Sağlık Bakanlığı teşkilat yapısına yönelik düzenlemelerden birincisi, 1936 yılında çıkarılan 3017 sayılı Kanun, ikincisi 1983 yılında çıkarılan 181 sayılı Kanun Hükmünde Kararname ve Değişim Yönetimi Programı ve
Uygulama Planı kapsamında çıkarılan 663 sayılı Kanun Hükmünde Kararname ve 694 sayılı KHK ile devam etmiştir (Lamba ve vd., 2014).
2003 tarihli Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı ile birlikte sağlık Hizmetlerinde planlayıcı ve denetleyici yönü ağır basan bir örgütlenme amaçlanmış, yaşanan paradigma değişimi doğrultusunda en önemli adım 2011 yılında
çıkarılan 663 sayılı Sağlık bakanlığı ve Bağlı Kuruluşların Teşkilat ve Görevleri Hakkında Kanun Hükmünde Kararname ile atılmış “Desantralizasyon” hedeflenmiştir. Üçlü yapı diye anılan Sağlık Bakanlığı merkez teşkilatı yapısı, Bağlı Kuruluşlar, Sağlık Politikaları Kurulu ve Hizmet Birimleri şekline dönüştürülmüştür.
Bunun Sağlık Bakanlığı taşra teşkilatına yansıması ise illerde Sağlık Müdürlüğü’nün yanı sıra Halk Sağlığı Müdürlüğü ve Kamu Hastane Birlikleri Sekreterliklerinin kurulması olmuştur. Daha sonra 663 sayılı Sağlık Bakanlığı ve Bağlı Kuruluşların Teşkilat ve Görevleri Hakkında Kanun Hükmünde Kararname ile yapılan düzenlemelerin aksayan yönleri 25.08.2017 tarihinde yayınlanan 694 sayılı KHK ve diğer mevzuatlar ile Sağlık Bakanlığının Merkez ve Taşra Teşkilat yapısı, çalışma usul ve şekli ayrıntılı olarak düzenlenmiştir. Bakanlık 694 sayılı Kanun Hükmünde Kararname ile “Santralizasyon” yönünde sayılabilecek düzenlemeye gitmiştir.
Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı, Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın merkez ve taşra teşkilatının yeniden yapılandırılması sürecini beraberinde getirmiştir. Sağlık Bakanlığı teşkilat yapısının Sağlıkta Dönüşüm Programı öncesi ve sonrasında zaman içinde nasıl değiştiğini incelemek amaçlanmıştır.

Modelo do Estudo: Estudo de Caso. Objetivo do Estudo: O presente trabalho visou estudar o processo de compras e programação de materiais de um hospital público de ensino de nível terciário e analisar os perfis de itens de materiais de consumo faltantes em determinado período, com a finalidade de identificar como ferramentas de gestão de materiais podem ajudar na definição de políticas de compras e estoque.
Metodologia: O estudo foi elaborado com base em análises qualitativas e quantitativas. As primeiras foram feitas por meio de coleta de dados relativos ao entendimento dos processos e estrutura interna da Divisão de Materiais do Hospital através de observação e entrevistas semiestruturadas entre o período
de setembro a novembro de 2013. A relação dos itens faltantes em 2012 e 2013 foi obtida através do sistema de informação da instituição e a partir destes dados foram feitas as análises quantitativas dos perfis destes itens segundo as classificações ABC e VEN (ou XYZ). Resultado: Os resultados apontam
que dos 8.595 itens de materiais de consumo do Hospital apenas 5% em quantidade são classificados como A na curva ABC, no entanto tais itens correspondem a 42% em valores. Já os itens vitais representam 49% do valor e 46% em termos de quantidade. Quando analisadas em conjunto, as duas curvas
apontam que a maioria das quantidades de materiais de consumo do Hospital são classificados como vitais da curva C (36,35%) e os itens não essenciais da curva A representam tanto em valor como em quantidade a menor parcela de materiais. O perfil dos itens faltantes em 2012 e 2013 são semelhantes,
o maior índice de faltas está nos itens vitais da curva C e a menor nos itens não essenciais da curva A.
Conclusão: Por meio do estudo foi possível concluir que a definição de políticas de compras e estoques que analisem não somente recursos econômicos, mas também a criticidade dos itens para o funcionamento dos processos é fundamental, principalmente levando em consideração o atual contexto das organizações de saúde públicas, a fim de melhor otimizar recursos e minimizar faltas.

A incorporação de equipamentos médicos hospitalares e outros recursos tecnológicos com alto valor agregado aumentam os desafios para realizar uma gestão eficiente e de qualidade pelas Organizações de Saúde. Nesse contexto, a utilização de ferramentas de apoio a gestão se torna essencial para o aproveitamento racional dos recursos de saúde, de forma a alcançar maior estabilidade e sustentabilidade
do sistema como um todo. Assim, o presente trabalho teve como finalidade elaborar um mapeamento do
fluxo de trabalho das atividades desenvolvidas no setor de Engenharia Clínica, responsável pela gestão de equipamentos médico diagnósticos do HCFMRP-USP, exposto na forma de fluxograma, objetivando posteriormente, sua incorporação e propagação dentre outros setores do hospital.

Hospitals as the main entities of healthcare need to respond to policy initiatives affecting in particular the quality, efficiency and costs of health service delivery as well as cope with continuous technological advancements. Considering the information intensive character of healthcare, a shift in a hospitalís business policy also induces potentials and pitfalls to the management of health informa- tion technology.

This book collects the proceedings of the International Congress on Health Sciences and Medical Technologies (ICHSMT), held in Tlemcen, Algeria, from December 5 to 7, 2019. The proceedings present a forum for the latest projects and research in scientific and technological development with an emphasis on smart healthcare system design and future technologies. ICHSMT brings together researchers, students, and professionals from the healthcare, corporate, and academic sectors. It includes a far-reaching program supported by a variety of technical tracks that seek to promote medical technologies and innovation at a nationwide level. • Presents the proceedings of the International Congress on Health Sciences and Medical Technologies (ICHSMT 2019) • Offers technology-driven solutions to overcome obstacles in the research and development of medical technologies • Includes multidisciplinary society sectors and knowledge reflecting a humanistic and inclusive approach to medical technology.

Increased competition and market dynamics in healthcare force hospitals to intensify their efforts toward specialization and cooperation with others. In this paper, a maturity model is discussed that assists hospitals in evolving the required strategic, organizational, and technical capabilities in a systematic way so that the formation of collaborative structures and processes is efficient and effective. The so-called Hospital Cooperation Maturity Model (HCMM), queries a total of 36 reference points reflecting 3 distinct organizational dimensions relevant for the ability to cooperate. On the one hand it can be used as basis for benchmarking the quality of cooperation between a particular hospital and its business partners; on the other hand, it can also be applied as common ground for shared learning and improvement initiatives. In order to demonstrate its usability and applicability, an instantiation in form of a software prototype is presented. The paper ends with recommendations for healthcare practice and future research.

Background: Quality of healthcare services, patient safety and staff satisfaction the essence of accreditation, are indispensable to favourable patient outcomes. This study aimed at identifying opportunities for improvement based on extent of conformance to existing applicable accreditation standards.