Insecta

Taxonavigation

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Cladus: Pancrustacea
Cladus: Allotriocarida
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladi: Monocondylia – Dicondylia
incertae sedis: †Planocephalus

Overview of ordines

Archaeognatha – Blattodea – Coleoptera – Dermaptera – Diptera – Embioptera – Ephemeroptera – Grylloblattodea – Hemiptera – Hymenoptera – Lepidoptera – Mantodea – Mantophasmatodea – "Mecoptera" – Megaloptera – Neuroptera – Odonata – Orthoptera – Phasmatodea – Plecoptera – Psocodea – Raphidioptera – Siphonaptera – Strepsiptera – Thysanoptera – Trichoptera – Zoraptera – Zygentoma – †Carbotriplurida – †Coxoplectoptera – †Diaphanopterodea – †Hypoperlida – †Megasecoptera – †Miomoptera – †Palaeodictyoptera – †Paoliida – †Permopsocida – †Permothemistida – †Skleroptera – †Titanoptera –

Name

Insecta Linnaeus, 1758: 13, 339.

References

Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio Decima, Reformata. Tomus I. Holmiæ (Stockholm): impensis direct. Laurentii Salvii. 824 pp. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542 BHL Reference page.

Additional references

Phylogeny/Systematics

Averof, M. & Akam, M. 1995. Insect-crustacean relationships: insights from comparative developmental and molecular studies. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B 347: 293–303. DOI: 10.1098/rstb.1995.0028 . JSTOR . ResearchGate . Reference page.
Boudreaux, H.B. 1979. Arthropod Phylogeny with Special Reference to Insects, A Wiley-Interscience publication, 1–320. ISBN 0471042900, ISBN 9780471042907 Classification.
Grimaldi, D. & Engel, M.S. 2005. Evolution of the Insects. Cambridge University Press, New York, USA. ISBN 978-0-521-82149-0. limited preview on Google Books. Reference page.
Kjer, K.M., Simon, C., Yavorskaya, M. & Beutel, R.G. 2016. Progress, pitfalls and parallel universes: a history of insect phylogenetics. Journal of the Royal Society Interface 13(121): 20160363. DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2016.0363 . Reference page.
Kluge, N.J. 2000. Современная систематика насекомых. Часть I. Принципы систематики живых организмов и общая система насекомых с классификацией первичнобескрылых и древнекрылых [Modern systematics of insects. Part I. Principles of systematics of living organisms and general system of insects with classification of primary wingless and paleopterous insects]. Lan', S-Petersburg, 336 pp. (in Russian). Online.
NP Kristensen - The Insects of Australia, 1991 - Melbourne University Press
Misof, B., Liu, S., Meusemann, K., Peters, R.S., Donath, A., Mayer, C., Frandsen, P.B., Ware, J., Flouri, T., Beutel, R.G., Niehuis, O., Petersen, M., Izquierdo-Carrasco, F., Wappler, T., Rust, J., Aberer, A.J., Aspöck, U., Aspöck, H., Bartel, D., Blanke, A., Berger, S., Böhm, A., Buckley, T.R., Calcott, B., Chen, J., Friedrich, F., Fukui, M., Fujita, M., Greve, C., Grobe, P., Gu, S., Huang, Y., Jermiin, L.S., Kawahara, A.Y., Krogmann, L., Kubiak, M., Lanfear, R., Letsch, H., Li, Y., Li, Z., Li, J., Lu, H., Machida, R., Mashimo, Y., Kapli, P., McKenna, D.D., Meng, G., Nakagaki, Y., Navarrete-Heredia, J.L., Ott, M., Ou, Y., Pass, G., Podsiadlowski, L., Pohl, H., Reumont, B.M. von, Schütte, K., Sekiya, K., Shimizu, S., Slipinski, A., Stamatakis, A., Song, W., Su, X., Szucsich, N.U., Tan, M., Tan, X., Tang, M., Tang, J., Timelthaler, G., Tomizuka, S., Trautwein, M., Tong, X., Uchifune, T., Walzl, M.G., Wiegmann, B.M., Wilbrandt, J., Wipfler, B., Wong, T.K.F., Wu, Q., Wu, G., Xie, Y., Yang, S., Yang, Q., Yeates, D.K., Yoshizawa, K., Zhang, Q., Zhang, R., Zhang, W., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhou, C., Zhou, L., Ziesmann, T., Zou, S., Li, Y., Xu, X., Zhang, Y., Yang, H., Wang, J., Wang, J., Kjer, K.M. & Zhou, X. 2014. Phylogenomics resolves the timing and pattern of insect evolution. Science 346(6210): 763–767. DOI: 10.1126/science.1257570 . Reference page.
Rasnitsyn, A.P. & Quicke, D.L.J. (eds.) 2002. History of Insects. Kluwer Academic Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, 517 pp. ISBN 1-4020-0026-X (print), ISBN 0-306-47577-4 (e-book). Online version. DOI: 10.1007/0-306-47577-4 . Reference page.
Zrzavý, J. 2008. Four chapters about the monophyly of insect 'orders': a review of recent phylogenetic contributions. Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 48(2): 217–232. PDF Reference page.

Miscellaneous

Bode, A. 1953. Die Insektenfauna des Ostniedersächsischen Oberen Lias. Palaeontographica, Abteilung A 103: 1–375. PDF (incomplete) Reference page.
Cancian de Araujo, B., Schmidt, S., Schmidt, O., von Rintelen, T., Ubaidillah, R. & Balke, M. 2018. The Mt Halimun-Salak Malaise Trap project - releasing the most species rich DNA Barcode library for Indonesia. Biodiversity Data Journal 6: e:29927. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.6.e29927 . Reference page.
Ferreira, A. da S., Araújo, M.X., Vilarinho, N.T., da Silva-Neto, A.M. & Bravo, F. 2020. Catalogue of type specimens of Insecta (Arthropoda: Hexapoda) deposited in the entomological collection of the Museum of Zoology of Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, Brazil. Zootaxa 4728(4): 501–546. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4728.4.9 Reference page.
Ferro, M.L. & Summerlin, M. 2019. Developing a standardized list of entomological collection methods for use in databases. ZooKeys 861: 145–156. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.861.32347 . Reference page.
Gaston, K.J. 1991: The magnitude of global insect species richness. Conservation Biology 5(3): 283–296. JSTOR
Jolley-Rogers, G., Yeates, D.K., Croft, J., Cawsey, E.M., Suter, P., Webb, J., Morris, R.G., Qian, Z., Rodriguez, E. & Mandecki, W. 2012. Ultra-small RFID p-Chips on the heads of entomological pins provide an automatic and durable means to track and label insect specimens. Zootaxa 3359: 31–42. Preview Reference page.
Lautenschläger, T., Neinhuis, C., Monizi, M., Mandombe, J.L., Förster, A., Henle, T. & Nuss, M. 2017. Edible insects of Northern Angola. African Invertebrates 58(2): 55–82. DOI: 10.3897/afrinvertebr.58.21083 . Reference page.
Leader, J. 2012. What can insect malpighian tubules reveal about human diseases? The Weta 43: 1–5. Abstract and full article (PDF) Reference page.
Lonsdale, O. & Locke, M.M. 2018. Name-bearing type specimens in the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids & Nematodes (CNC): Blattodea, Dermaptera, Notoptera, Mecoptera, Megaloptera, Myriapoda, Neuroptera, Odonata, Orthoptera, Phthiraptera, Pseudoscorpiones, Psocoptera, Raphidioptera & Siphonaptera. Zootaxa 4526(2): 101–126. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4526.2.1 pdf Reference page.
Majka, C.G. 2010: Insects attracted to Maple Sap: Observations from Prince Edward Island, Canada. ZooKeys, 51: 73–83. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.51.478
Mertens, J., Van Roie, M., Merckx, J. & Dekoninck, W. 2017. The use of low cost compact cameras with focus stacking functionality in entomological digitization projects. ZooKeys 712: 141–154. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.712.20505 . Reference page.
Scudder, S.H. 1885. Description of an articulate of doubtful relationship from the Tertiary beds of Florissant, Colorado. Memoirs of the National Academy of Sciences 3: 87–90. BHL.
Takiya, D.M., Santos, A.P.M., Pinto, A.P., Henriques-Oliveira, A.L., Carvalho, A. do L., Sampaio, B.H.L., Clarkson, B., Moreira, F.F.F., Avelino-Capistrano,F., Gonçalves, I.C., Cordeiro, I. da R.S., Câmara, J.T., Barbosa, J.F., de Souza, W.R.M. & Rafael, J.A. 2016. Aquatic Insects from the Caatinga: checklists and diversity assessments of Ubajara (Ceará State) and Sete Cidades (Piauí State) National Parks, Northeastern Brazil. Biodiversity Data Journal 4: e8354. DOI: 10.3897/BDJ.4.e8354 . Reference page.

Links

Catalogue of Life: 2012 Annual Checklist

Vernacular names

Afrikaans: Insekte
Alemannisch: Insekte
aragonés: Inseuto
العربية: حشرة
asturianu: Inseutu
অসমীয়া: পতংগ
azərbaycanca: Həşəratlar, Cücülər
башҡортса: Бөжәктәр
беларуская: Насякомыя
български: Насекоми
brezhoneg: Amprevan
bosanski: Insekti
буряад: Хорхой шумуул
català: Insecte
нохчийн: Сагалмат
čeština: Hmyz
чӑвашла: Хурт-кăпшанкă
Cymraeg: Pryf
dansk: Insekter
Deutsch: Insekten
Ελληνικά: Έντομα
English: insects
Esperanto: Insekto
español: Insecto
eesti: Putukad
võro: Mutuk
suomi: Hyönteiset
føroyskt: Skordýr
Nordfriisk: Insekten
français: Insectes
Frysk: Ynsekten
Gaeilge: Feithid
Gàidhlig: Meanbh-fhrìdean
galego: Insectos
עברית: חרקים
hrvatski: Kukci
magyar: Rovarok
հայերեն: Միջատներ
Bahasa Indonesia: Serangga
Ilokano: Agay-ayam
Ido: Insekto
íslenska: Skordyr
italiano: Insetti
日本語: 昆虫綱 (こんちゅうこう)
ქართული: მწერები
қазақша: Жәндіктер, шыбын-шіркейлер
한국어: 곤충강
kurdî: Mêş û mûr, buxik, buhik
kernowek: Hweskeren
кыргызча: Курт-кумурска
лакку: Ущущулгъи
Lëtzebuergesch: Insekten
Līvõ kēļ: Kukkizt
Limburgs: Insekte
lietuvių: Vabzdys
latviešu: Kukaiņi
македонски: Инсекти
монгол: Шавж
кырык мары: Капшангы
Bahasa Melayu: Serangga
Napulitano: Inzetto
Nedersaksies: Insektn
Plattdüütsch: Insekten
Nederlands: Insecten
norsk: Insekter
ирон: Сасчытæ
polski: Owady
português: Inseto
Runa Simi: Palama, Palamaku, Insiktu
română: Insecte
русский: Насекомые
саха тыла: Үөн-көйүүр
sicilianu: Nzettu
Scots: Insects
sardu: Babbalottus
davvisámegiella: Boatkkahasat
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Insekti, kukci
slovenčina: Hmyz
slovenščina: Žuželke
shqip: Insekti
српски / srpski: Инсекти
Seeltersk: Insekte
svenska: Insekter
Kiswahili: Wadudu
தமிழ்: பூச்சி
тоҷикӣ: Ҳашарот
ไทย: แมลง
Tagalog: Kulisap, Insekto
lea faka-Tonga: ʻinisēkite
Türkçe: Böcek
татарча / tatarça: Бөҗәкләр
українська: Комахи
oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча: Hasharotlar
vèneto: Bai, Baùti
vepsän kel’: Gavedid
Tiếng Việt: Côn trùng
West-Vlams: Insektn
中文: 昆蟲綱

For more multimedia, look at Insecta on Wikimedia Commons.