Dor Gyrth i chuinar was a land in southern Ossiriand so named by the Elves, where Beren and Lúthien dwelt after their return to life.[1]
It was located around the river Adurant east of the Gelion, and was known for surrounding Tol Galen[2], where Beren and Lúthien lived again after being released from the Halls of Mandos until their final deaths.
History[]
Being a part of Ossiriand, this country was originally inhabited by the Nandor Elves[3][4] and their later related brethren, the Laiquendi, after the death of their lord Denethor in the First Battle of Beleriand.[5] The extent of the Elven population was probably sparse and hidden at this time.
Some time around FA 469, having been granted a second but mortal life by Manwë under Eru, Beren and Lúthien returned to Middle-earth from the Halls of Mandos and settled on the isle of Tol Galen in southern Ossiriand. Thence the Eldar began to call the area Dor Gyrth i chuinar. News of their return spread amongst the Laiquendi, and the couple were regarded in high honour. Dior, the son of Beren and Lúthien was born in this country. After Beren recovered the Nauglamír and the Silmaril within it after the Battle of Sarn Athrad, it was said and sung that Lúthien wore it around her neck, and was therefore held as a great beauty in Middle-earth. Afterwards, the land became fair and beautiful, with a light and beauty like that seen only in Valinor[6], and apparently remained so until the final deaths of Beren and Lúthien and its destruction after the War of Wrath.[7]
Etymology[]
Dor Gyrth i chuinar was a name in Sindarin that translated to "Land of the Dead that Live".[1] The name contains the elements (n-)dôr ("land, dwelling-place"), the plural form of gorth ("dead; dead person"), i ("who, that"), and a nasal mutated[8] plural form of cuina ("to be alive")[9].[10]
In other versions[]
The earliest forms of the name were I·Guilwarthon ("Living-dead") and I·Cuilwarthon ("Dead That Live Again") in Gnomish.[11] Soon afterwards, Tolkien made a new variant: Cuilwarthien ("Land of the Dead that Live").[12] Some time later, he changed the name to Gwerth-i-cuina ("Living Dead"[13] or "Land of the Dead that Live"[14]). A variation of this was Gwerth-i-guinar ("Dead that Live").[15]
In the published version of The Silmarillion, Dor Gyrth i chuinar appears written as Dor Firn-i-Guinar,[16] a name included also in The Etymologies in The Lost Road and Other Writings.
Tolkien changed the name finally to Dor Gyrth i chuinar in 1972, in a reference to the death of his wife, Edith Tolkien.[1]
Translations[]
| Foreign Language | Translated name |
| Amharic | ዶር ፊርን-ኢ-ጊይናር |
| Arabic | دور فيرن-أي-غوينار |
| Armenian | Դոր Ֆիրն-ի-Գւինար |
| Belarusian Cyrillic | Дор Фірн-і-Гінар |
| Bengali | ডোর ফিরন-ই-গিনার |
| Bulgarian Cyrillic | Дор Фирн-и-Гуинар |
| Chinese | 多菲尔尼吉纳尔 |
| Danish | Dor Firn-i-Guinar ("De Levendedødes Land") |
| Greek | Ντορ Φιρν-ι-Γκουινάρ |
| Gujarati | ડોર ફિરન-એ-ગિનાર |
| Hebrew | דור פירן אי גואינאר |
| Hindi | डोर फर्न-ए-गीनर |
| Japanese | ドール・フィル・イ=ギナー |
| Kannada | ಡೋರ್ ಫಿರ್ನ್-ಇ-ಗಿನಾರ್ |
| Kazakh | Дор Ферн-и-Гуинар (Cyrillic) Dor Fern-ï-Gwïnar (Latin) |
| Korean | 도르 피른-이-기나르 |
| Kyrgyz Cyrillic | Дор Фирн-и-Гуинар |
| Macedonian Cyrillic | Дор Фирн-и-Гинар |
| Marathi | दोर फिरण-ए-गिनार |
| Mongolian Cyrillic | Дор Фирн-и-Гуинар |
| Nepalese | डोर फ़िर्न्-इ-ङुइनर |
| Pashto | دره-فرن-ی-ګیوینار |
| Persian | دور-فرن-ی-گوینار |
| Punjabi | ਡੋਰ ਫਿਰਨ-ਆਈ-ਗਿਨਾਰ |
| Russian | Дор Фирн-и-Гуинар |
| Serbian | Дор Фирн-и-Гуинар (Cyrillic) Dor Firn-i-Guinar (Latin) |
| Sinhalese | ඩෝර් ෆර්න්-අයි-ගිනාර් |
| Tajik Cyrillic | Дор Фирн-и-Гуинар |
| Tamil | டோர் பிர்ன்-இ-கினார் |
| Tatar | Дор Фирн-и-Гинар |
| Telugu | డోర్ ఫిర్న్-ఇ-గినార్ |
| Ukrainian Cyrillic | Дор Фірн-і-Гінар |
| Urdu | ڈور فرنِ-ی-گِنار |
| Uzbek | Дор Фирн-и-Гуинар (Cyrillic) Dor Firn-i-Guinar (Latin) |
| Yiddish | דאָר פירן איך גוינאַר |
References[]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien: Revised and Expanded Edition, Letter 332, pg. 385
- ↑ The Silmarillion (inside cover), "Map of Beleriand and the Lands to the North"
- ↑ The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter III: "Of the Coming of the Elves and the Captivity of Melkor"
- ↑ The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter XIV: "Of Beleriand and its Realms"
- ↑ The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter X: "Of the Sindar"
- ↑ The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter XXII: "Of the Ruin of Doriath"
- ↑ The Silmarillion, Quenta Silmarillion, Chapter XXIV: "Of the Voyage of Eärendil and the War of Wrath"
- ↑ Dor Gyrth i chuinar on eldamo.org
- ↑ The Silmarillion, Appendix: "Elements in Quenya and Sindarin names", pg. 188
- ↑ Compound Sindarin Names in Middle-earth on tolkiendil.com
- ↑ The History of Middle-earth, The Book of Lost Tales Part Two, pgs. 41, 51, 233
- ↑ The Shaping of Middle-earth, pg. 133
- ↑ The Shaping of Middle-earth, pg. 116
- ↑ The Lost Road and Other Writings, pg. 116
- ↑ The Lost Road and Other Writings, pg. 305
- ↑ The Silmarillion, "Index of Names"