æ¬
è³æ¬ä¸»ç¾©ç¶æ¿ã«ã¯ç«¶çã®åè ã¨æè ãã¤ããã®ã§ãããæ¿æ²»å®¶ãæºè人ã®å¤ãã¯æè ã«åæ ã示ããæ¿æ²»ã®åã§æ ¼å·®ãæ¯æ£ããã¨ä¸»å¼µãããããããã®ãããªä¸è¦åæããµãããããªã²ã¯ã決ãã¦æè èªèº«ã®ããã«ãªããªããããããæè ãä¸å¹¸ã«ããã ããã ãã®â¦
ç¹å¥æé ããã¦ããå ä¿¡è ãç¸æ¬¡ãã§é®æããããªã¦ã ççæã¯ããã¤ã¦ä¸é¨ã®æºè人ãã好æçã«è©å¹ããããããæåã®å®£å³ã«å©ç¨ããããä»ã§ã¯ãããã«ãªã¦ã ã®æ義ãè¯å®çã«ç´¹ä»ããããã¨ã¯ãªããã¨ãããç¶æ¿å¸ã®ä¸çã§ã¯ã人ã ã«å®³æ¡ãåã¼ãçã¤ãâ¦
ãã¤ã±ã«ã»ãµã³ãã«ãããããéã§è²·ãã¾ãããï¼é¬¼æ¾¤å¿è¯ãæ©å·æ¸æ¿ï¼ãç¼è³£ããããåºç« ãå è¡åºçãããéã«ä¸åº¦æ¹å¤ããããä»åå ¨é«ãè®ãã§ã¿ãããããã«ãç²æ«ã ã¤ãããµã³ãã«ã¯ãèªåããµãã¯ããã¨æã¯ãªãé åã§ã人ã ãèªç±ã«ãµãã¾ãµãã¨ãæâ¦
èªæ°é»¨ãåæã«ç¼è¡¨ããæ²æ³æ¹æ£æ¡ã¯ãã²ã©ãå 容ã ãã¨ãããã²ã©ãã®ã¯ããã§ã«ã¦ã§ãä¸ã§ææããã¦ããããã«ãç«æ²ä¸»ç¾©ãå¦å®ãã¦ãããã¨ã§ããããããç«æ²ä¸»ç¾©ã¨è¨ã¯ãã¦ããæ®éã®äººã¯ãã³ã¨ããªãã ãããä¸æãããã¨ããé£é³¥æ代ã«ã¯è徳太åãâ¦
é«æ©æ´ä¸ã®æ°åããåé1000å åãã«é¨ããããªï¼ââæ´è½ããªãå½åµãä¸è¦ãªå¢ç¨ãï¼å°å¦é¤¨101æ°æ¸ã2012å¹´ï¼ã§æçãªã®ã¯ãããã¬ãååµã«ã¾ã¤ã¯ã謬è«ãæ¹å¤ããæåã®é¨åã ããã¨ã¸ã°è»è°·æµ©ä»ã®ãã¨ã¨ã¿ããããã人å£æ¸å°ãããã¬ã®åå ã ã¨ãã主張ã«å°â¦
ããã¬ï¼ç©å¹ã®ä¸è½ï¼ã¯ä¸æ³ã失æ¥ãæãæ¡ã§ãããããæ¿åºã®æ¿çãåå¡ãã¦ãé©æ£ãªãã¤ã³ãã¬ï¼ç©å¹ã®ä¸æï¼ã«å¼ãæ»ããªããã°ãªããªããããããèã¸ããªãã¬ä¸»ç¾©ã¨å¼ã¶ãããã¾ã§ãªãã¬ä¸»ç¾©ã®èª¤ãã¨ãããç¶æ¿ã»ç¤¾æã«åã¼ã害æ¡ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯ãã³ãã³æ¹â¦
ã±ã¤ã³ãºã®ä¸»èãä¸è¬çè«ãã山形浩çã®æ°è¯ï¼æ£å¼ãªé¦é¡ã¯ãéç¨ãå©åããéã®ä¸è¬çè«ãï¼ã§è¬è«ç¤¾å¦è¡æ庫ã«å ¥ã¤ãããã§ã«é»åçãã¤ã³ã¿ã¼ãããã§å ¬éããã¦ããããåæã«æé ãªç´ã®æ¬ã¨ãã¦è®ããããã«ãªã¤ãã®ã¯ãä¸çã財æ¿éèå±æ©ã«è¥²ã¯ãã¦â¦
ç¦å³¶åç¼äºæ ä¸å¹´ãåã«ãæ± ç°ä¿¡å¤«ãè¤æ²¢æ°å¸ã¨ããµäºäººã®èåããã¬ã¼ãç¸æ¬¡ãã§åååç¼é»ã«éããæ¬ãä¸æ¢ããããã¥ããåºæ¬çã«ã¯åç¼ãå«ãé»åã®èªç±åãå±ã¸ã¦ããããã®éãã«ããã¦è©å¹ã§ããããããä»ç´°ã«ã¿ãã¨ãèè ãªé¨åã§æ¿åºã®éèã許容â¦
ãã¤ã±ã«ã»ã«ã¤ã¹ã®æ°åããã¼ã¡ã©ã³ãããã¹ãã»ã©ã¼ã«ãªã¤ã¦ãããããã«åºæããã¦ããäºå¹´åã«åºãåèãä¸ç´ã®ç©ºå£²ããï¼æ±æ±ä¸ç´è¯ãæèæ¥ç§ï¼ãã¾ãè³£ãå§ãã¦ããããã ãããã¼ã¡ã©ã³ããé¢ç½ãããªã®ã§ãã¥ãè®ãã§ææ³ãæ¸ããããããã®æ©æã«â¦
ãæ系人éãã®ç§ã¯å¤§å¸åé©ãæå¾ã«ãæ¸å¸ã¨ã»ã¨ãã©ç¸ã®ãªãçæ´»ãéã¤ã¦ããããæ¸å¸ã¨ã¯ä¸æè°ã§ç¾ãããã®ã ã¨ããµæ°£æã¡ã¯ããããã¨ã¸ã°ãªã¤ã©ã¼ã®çå¼ã ãä¸è¦ä½ã®éä¿ããªãããã«ã¿ããåå¨çãå°æ¸ãèæ¸ããã¤ã¯ç¸äºã«ã¤ãªãã¤ã¦ããããã®éä¿â¦
ãæ¥çµBPã¯ã©ã·ãã¯ã¹ãããããã«ã¯ã¹ãè³æ¬è«ããä¸å±±å æ°ã®æ°è¯ã§åè¡ããå§ãããè³£ãç©ã®ã²ã¨ã¤ã¨ãªã¤ã¦ããã®ã¯ãããã¾ã§ãå°ä½ä¾¡å¤ãã¨è¯ããã¦ããèªããå¢æ®ä¾¡å¤ãã¨æ¹ãããã¨ã ãã訳è ãã¨ãããã«ããã¨ããMehrwert ã® Mehr ã¯ããããªãå°ä½â¦
ããã¾ãã¦ããã§ãããããã¾ããä»å¹´ãã©ãã£ã«ã«ã«é å¼µãæåã§ããã©ããããããã æ¨å¹´11æãæ¿åºãç°å¤ªå¹³æ´ç¶æ¿é£æºåå®ï¼TPPï¼äº¤æ¸åå ã表æããååå®ã¸ã®éå¿ãããããã¦é«ã¾ã¤ã¦ãããæ¬å±ã®ç¶æ¿æ¸ã³ã¼ãã¼ãã®ããã¨ãä¸å¹´è¿ãåã«åè¡ãããâ¦
æ¥æ¬ã®ã¡ãã£ã¢ã§ã¯ã»ã¨ãã©è©±é¡ã«ãããªãããã©ããä»å¹´ã¯ã¢ã¡ãªã«ååæ°çï¼1861-65å¹´ï¼éæ°ç¾äºåå¨å¹´ã®ç¯ç®ã«ããããã¢ã¡ãªã«ã§ã¯çµæ°ç¾äºåå¨å¹´ã¾ã§ã®äºå¹´éãæ¸ã ã®è¬æ¼ãå±è¦½æãã·ã³ãã¸ã¦ã ã豫å®ããã¦ããã¨ããµãååæ°çã¯å ©è»ãã¯ãã¦å åäºâ¦
ããã°ãéèæ¥è¨ãã§ç¥ãããè¤æ²¢æ°å¸æ°ã®æ°åãæ¥æ¬äººãã°ãã¼ãã«è³æ¬ä¸»ç¾©ãçãæãããã®çµæ¸å¦å ¥éââãã代æ¡ã¯ããã¾ãããï¼ãã¤ã¤ã¢ã³ã社ã2011å¹´ï¼ã¯å¥½èã ãããããæè¿åºçãããæ¥æ¬äººèè ã«ããç¶æ¿æ¬ã®ãªãã§ãããã»ã©å¾¹åºãã¦å¸å ´ç¶æ¿ã»â¦
æ¨å¹´ã®ãã¹ãã»ã©ã¼ããã¤ã±ã«ã»ãµã³ãã«ãããããã®ãæ£ç¾©ãã®è©±ãããããï¼é¬¼æ¾¤å¿è¯ãæ©å·æ¸æ¿ï¼ãæ©ããæ庫æ¬ã«ãªã¤ããå®è¡æ¬ãåºãã¨ãã«ä¸åº¦ãã®æ¬ã«ã¤ãã¦ã¯æ¹å¤ãæ¸ããããæ庫æ¬ã«ã¯ç¹å¥éé²ã¨ãã¦ãä¾æ¥åè¡è±«å®ã¨ããµææ°ä½ What Money Can'tâ¦
è©ã®ãããªãçãç©èªãè®ã¿ãããªã¤ã¦ãå æ社æ庫ã®ãæ¾æ¬æ¸ å¼µçç·¨å ¨éã第ä¸å·ãè²·ã¤ã¦ãããåé ã«æ¶ããããã®ã¯æåäºåå å¹´ã®ããã¥ã¼ä½ã西é·æãã§ãããæ¾æ¬æ¸ å¼µã¨ãã¸ã°æ¨çç©ã ãããæ´å²ç©ããããã®ä½åã¯ããã¾ã§æ¬é ãã¦ãããããã¤ãããªâ¦
ãã¡ãã¹ã®æäºè©©ããªãã¥ãã»ã¤ã¢ãã¯è±èªã§Odysseyï¼ãªããã»ã¤ï¼ã ããå°æåã®odysseyã«ãªãã¨ãé·ãæ¾æµªããéæ´ãã¨ããµæå³ã®æ®éåè©ã¨ãã¦ä½¿ã¯ãããæ¥æ¬ã®ç¶æ¿å¸è ã§ãè¶å¾åå ¸æ°ã»ã©ãã®è¨èã«ä¼¼ã¤ãã¯ããç¥ç人çãéã¤ã¦ãã人ã¯ããªãã ãããâ¦
æ½®å¡äººãæ¥æ¬äººã¨ãã¦èªãã§ããããä¿å®ã®åèãï¼PHPæ°æ¸ã2011å¹´ï¼ã«ãã¼è¦è¿ãã®å 容紹ä»ã«ããããã ããããä¿å®ãã¨ããè¨èã«ä»£è¡¨ãããããã«ãè¥ãä¸ä»£ã§ãä¿å®ããèªèªãã人ãå¢ãã¦ãããããããä¿å®å±¤ã«ãæ¥ç±³ã»æ¥ä¸ã®å¤äº¤é¢ä¿ãããTPPåå â¦
ãèåãï¼å°å·ç°æ¨¹è¯è¨»ãä¸å ¬æ庫ã1973å¹´ï¼æ°åã®ããããå±ãã°ãéå¾ã®åæ°ã¯è±ç«ãä¸ããæè¡åããã¦åã¶ãå±æå°è»ã¯ç¾¤è¡ã®æ¡å¼ã¨å°æã®æ³¢ã«å ã¾ããç大ãªåºè¿ã¸ãåãããæ´ã®æ±è¥¿ãåã¯ããã©ãã«ã§ãè¦ãããå æ¯ã ãããæ°çã«åã¦ã°ããããç¥â¦
ã¬ã¼ã»ã¢ã«ããããããåçæä¸æ±ºæã®å å¹ââæ²åã®ããã·ãã»ãã¬ãµããï¼ä¸ä¸ãé´æ¨ä¿å½¦ä»è¯ãã»ãã·åºçã1995å¹´ï¼åçæä¸æ±ºæã®å å¹ãä¸ãâæ²åã®ããã·ããã¬ãµãä½è : ã¬ã¼ã¢ã«ããããã,Gar Alperovitz,é´æ¨ä¿å½¦,米山è£å,岩æ¬æ£æµåºç社/ã¡ã¼ã«ã¼:â¦
è»è°·æµ©ä»ãããã¬ã®æ£ä½ââçµæ¸ã¯ã人å£ã®æ³¢ãã§åããï¼è§å·oneãã¼ã21ã2010å¹´ï¼èè ç´¹ä»æ¬ã«ããã¨ãè»è°·æ°ã¯ãå¹³æåä½µåã®ç´3200å¸çºæã®99.9ï¼ ãæµ·å¤59ã¶å½ãæ¦ãç§è²»ã§è¨ªåããçµé¨ãæã¤ãã¨ãããç¾å ´ã§å¾ãè±å¯ãªæ å ±ãè³£ãç©ã«ãã¦ããããã ãã¾â¦
è¤å·»å¥å²ãããã¼é¿é£ââå±éºãªéè¡é éããæ¤éããï¼ãï¼å¹»å¬èã2011å¹´ï¼æ¬æ¸ã«ã¯æ¥æ¬ã®è²¡æ¿åé¡ã¸ã®å´ããèªèãã¯ãããè³åã§ããé¨åãå°ãªããªããããããåå®ã«ãªãã°ãä»ã®æ¥æ¬ã«ããã»ã¨ãã©ã®åé¡ã解決ããã®ã§ããï¼209é ï¼ã¨ããµåå®ä¿¡ä»°ããâ¦
å°åºè£ç« ãåçºã®ã¦ã½ãï¼æ¶æ¡ç¤¾æ°æ¸ã2011å¹´ï¼ç¦å³¶åç¼äºæ ã®ç¼ç以ä¾ããåç¼äºæ ãèµ·ãã¤ãã®ã¯å¸å ´åç主義ã®ãããã¨ããµéé£ãã¦ã§ãã§æã ç®ã«ããããããã¯ééã²ã ãã¨å¸å ´åç主義è ã§ããç§ãè¨ã¤ã¦ãä¿¡ãã¦ããã¸ãªãã ããããã次ã®æç« ãè®â¦
æ± ç°ä¿¡å¤«ãå¤å ¸ã§èªã¿è§£ãç¾ä»£çµæ¸ãï¼PHPãã¸ãã¹æ°æ¸ã2011å¹´ï¼èè æ± ç°æ°ã¯ãæ¥æ¬ã§èªç±ä¸»ç¾©ãæ ¹ã¥ãããåªåãå¿ è¦ãï¼p.135ï¼ã¨è¿°ã¹ãèªç±ä¸»ç¾©çç¶æ¿å¸è ã§ãããã¤ã¨ã¯ãããªã¼ããã³ã好æçã«åãä¸ãã¦ã¯ããããããããã ãã«ãèªç±ä¸»ç¾©ã¨ã¯å°æ¥µâ¦
å è¤é 彦ãå³èª¬ ããã¹ãã«ã¯å¸å½ãï¼æ²³åºæ¸æ¿æ°ç¤¾ã1995å¹´ï¼æ°æèªæ±ºãåæ°å家ãæ°ä¸»ä¸»ç¾©ããããã¯ããã»ã©ãã°ããããã®ãªã®ããããã¹ãã«ã¯å¸åã®æ´å²ãç¥ãã«ã¤ããçåãã¤ã®ãããã³ã¬ãªã¼çã¾ãã®æ´å²å®¶ããã©ã³ã½ã¯ã»ãã§ã¤ãã¯ãã主張ãã¦ããâ¦
é½è¤èª ã競äºã®ä½æ³ââããã«åããæè³ããããï¼ã¡ãã¾æ°æ¸ã2010å¹´ï¼ããã¬è å¨è«ããã¼ã¿ã§åé§ãã第ï¼ç« ã¯ããããããã2002å¹´ãã2009å¹´ã¾ã§æ¶è²»è ç©å¹ææ¸ã¯ã»ã¼æ¨ªã°ãã ã¤ãã2009å¹´ã¯åå¹´æ¯1.4ï¼ ä½ä¸ã§ã1971年以éæ大ã®ä¸ãå¹ ãè¨é²ããã¨é¨ããâ¦
å¯å³¶é彦ã大ç½å®³ãã復活ããæ¥æ¬ãï¼å¾³éæ¸åºã2011å¹´ï¼å¯å³¶æ°ã®æ¬ã¯ä½åãè®ãã§ããã®ã§ãããã¦ãã®ãã¨ã«ã¯é©ããªããç¦å³¶ç¬¬ä¸åç¼äºæ ã«ã¤ãã¦ãããã©ã®ååçãççºãããã¨ã¯ãªããå®å¿ãã¦ãã ãããï¼ï½.14ï¼ãªã©ã¨æ·è¨ãã¦ããã®ã¯ãããã«ã©ãâ¦
æµç©åããé貨ããç¥ãã°ä¸çãèªããââ"ï¼ãã«ï¼ï¼åæ代"ã¯ä½ãããããã®ãï¼ãï¼PHPãã¸ãã¹æ°æ¸ã2011å¹´ï¼ä¸ççãªéèå±æ©ããã¤ããã«ãé貨ã¸ã®éå¿ãé«ã¾ã¤ã¦ããã21ä¸ç´ã®é貨å¶åº¦ã¯ã©ãããã¹ãããèè æµæ°ã¯æ¬æ¸ã§ãé貨ä½å¶ã®ä¸å æ§å³ãï¼p.â¦
èæ¨é£å彦ãèæ¨é£å彦ã®å¥å¦ãªãã©ã¼æ ç»è«ãï¼éè±ç¤¾æ°æ¸ã2011å¹´ï¼äººæ°£ãã³ã¬å®¶ã§ããèè ã®æ¬ã ããããæ°£ã«å ¥ãã®ä½åããã ç¾ åããç´¹ä»ããé§æ¬ã§ãã¤ã¦ããè³£ãããã¨ã ããããããæ¬æ¸ã¯ãã®ãããªããå æ¸ãªæ¬ã§ã¯ãªããåãç©ã§ãªããèªåã®è¦â¦
æ¨ä¸æ èµã»ä¸æ©è²´æãçµæ¸å¦é©å½ââ復èåµ28å åã§æ¥æ¬ã¯å¤§å¾©æ´»ï¼ãï¼å½©å³ç¤¾ã2011å¹´ï¼èè ã®ä¸äººã§ããä¸æ©æ°ã¯ã±ã¤ã³ãºç¶æ¿å¸ã®ãã¿ã©ã¡ãæ²ç«çã«é«ç¾ãããããã®ã«ãªã¹ãã¨ãã¦ç¥ãããããç¸æ¹ã®æ¨ä¸æ°ã¯ããããã®ãã¹ã±ã¼ã«ã®ã§ãã人ç©ã ãå·¥å¸å士â¦