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Romaniya

A̱ka̱fwuop njhyuk
Neet di̱ Wikipedia
Romaniya
a̱byin ka̱ yong ma̱ sa̱t, a̱byin
Yet kapA̱tyin Yurop, European Union, European Economic Area Jhyuk
Kpaat24 Zwat Jhyiung 1859 Jhyuk
A̱lyoot a̱gwomna̱tiRomânia Jhyuk
A̱lyoot a̱lyem a̱byinRomânia Jhyuk
Á̱kum a̱lyoot🇷🇴 Jhyuk
Lyuut IPAɾuˈmɑːnɪɑ, rʊˈmɨnʲɪjə Jhyuk
Ku yet kapGlobal System of Trade Preferences among Developing Countries Jhyuk
A̱lyoot da̱nianRom gbangbang Jhyuk
A̱lyem a̱gwomna̱tiRomaniya Jhyuk
A̱bwomDeșteaptă-te, române! Jhyuk
Taadaculture of Romania Jhyuk
Vam-a̱byinYurop Jhyuk
A̱byinRomaniya Jhyuk
A̱keangtungBukha̱ret Jhyuk
Shyia̱ di̱ fam jenUTC+02:00 Jhyuk
Coordinate location46°0′0″N 25°0′0″E Jhyuk
Coordinates of easternmost point45°9′50″N 29°43′0″E Jhyuk
Coordinates of northernmost point48°16′12″N 26°42′0″E Jhyuk
Coordinates of southernmost point43°37′24″N 25°23′28″E Jhyuk
Coordinates of westernmost point46°7′18″N 20°15′42″E Jhyuk
Highest pointMoldoveanu Peak Jhyuk
Lowest pointA̱dyundyung Kyai A̱sa̱khwot Jhyuk
Basic form of governmentsemi-presidential system Jhyuk
Ofit nang a̱kwak a̱son a̱byin wu ba̱ng a̱nipresident of Romania Jhyuk
A̱kwak a̱son a̱byinKlaus Iohannis Jhyuk
Ofit wu nang a̱kwak a̱son a̱gwomna̱ti wu ba̱ng a̱niPrime Minister of Romania Jhyuk
A̱kwak a̱son a̱gwomna̱tiMarcel Ciolacu Jhyuk
Has cabinetCabinet of Romania Jhyuk
Sa a̱pyia̱ a̱gwomna̱tiGovernment of Romania Jhyuk
Sa kpa cam a̱byinParliament of Romania Jhyuk
A̱gba̱ndang a̱lisaaikurumNational Bank of Romania Jhyuk
KurumRomanian Leu Jhyuk
Byia̱ (a̱gi̱)gak ma̱ngYuki̱ren, Honggi̱ri, Sa̱ri̱bya, Buli̱gariya, Ma̱li̱dova Jhyuk
A̱feap nduka̱zayak Jhyuk
Electrical plug typeEuroplug, Schuko Jhyuk
Ci̱tUnited Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, Socialist Republic of Romania Jhyuk
Significant eventunification of Wallachia and Moldavia, Tenth Russo-Turkish War, Union of Transylvania with Romania, Romanian Revolution (1989), Treaty of Berlin of 1878 Jhyuk
Official websitehttp://www.guv.ro/ Jhyuk
HashtagRomania Jhyuk
Top-level Internet domain.ro Jhyuk
Tyiang a̱toot shiflag of Romania Jhyuk
A̱lama a̱byincoat of arms of Romania Jhyuk
Geography of topicgeography of Romania Jhyuk
Byia̱ za̱kwaa̱byin ka̱ yong ma̱ sa̱t Jhyuk
Nkhangnkhang Romaniya Jhyuk
List of monumentslist of historical monuments in Romania Jhyuk
Railway traffic sidea̱zayak Jhyuk
Open data portalData.Gov.Ro Jhyuk
Tung zwa a̱pyia̱ a̱lyiat hueconomy of Romania Jhyuk
Demographics of topicdemographics of Romania Jhyuk
Zwunzwuo-a̱muup jet a̱bwoi a̱byin226 Jhyuk
Zwunzwuo-a̱muup yei a̱byin+40 Jhyuk
Trunk prefix0 Jhyuk
Emergency phone number112 Jhyuk
Zwunzwuo-a̱muup a̱byin GS1594 Jhyuk
Zwunzwuo lasi̱n pi̱letRO Jhyuk
Maritime identification digits264 Jhyuk
Zwunzwuo Unicode🇷🇴 Jhyuk
Category for honorary citizens of entityCategory:Honorary citizens of Romania Jhyuk
Sa mat tá̱si̱laCategory:Maps of Romania Jhyuk
Map

Romaniya (Romaniya: România [romɨˈni.a] (fa̱k)) yet a̱byin kya di̱ nfam A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱, A̱tyin ma̱ng A̱tak-a̱tyin Yurop.[1][2] A̱ byia̱ a̱gi̱gak ma̱ng Yuki̱ren di̱ fam a̱za, Honggi̱ri di̱ fam jenshyung, Sa̱ri̱bya di̱ fam a̱tak-jenshyung, Buli̱geriya di̱ fam a̱tak, Ma̱li̱dova di̱ fam a̱tyin, ma̱ng A̱dyundyung Kyai A̱sa̱khwot wu di̱ fam a̱tak-a̱tyin. Lili wun hu yet si̱ lili-wun vam-abyin ku yet si̱ ta̱mpi̱ret hwa a̱ni, a̱wot shi kyai a̱byin hu si̱ yet kilomita a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 238,397 (met a̱ma̱ntaa̱naai 92,046), ma̱ng shi á̱niet milyon 19 (2023). A̱byin Romaniya kya yet a̱si̱ ka̱ yet swak ma̱ng a̱feang mi̱ shi kyai a̱byin mami Yurop ma̱ng a̱taa ma̱ng shi á̱niet di̱ Muna̱pyia̱ Bibyin Yurop hu. A̱keangtung nka ma̱ng a̱gba̱ndang a̱keang a̱ swak ma̱ng shi wu wa yet Bukha̱ret, a̱wot Yashi, Ki̱luji̱-Napoka, Ti̱mishwara, Kwontantsa, Ki̱rayova, Bi̱rashop, ma̱ng Ga̱latyi si̱si̱ ntung.

A̱bwom a̱byin Romaniya: "Deșteaptă-te, române!"
("Nwan A̱tyuromaniya, shyip!")

A̱ghyui Yurop ka̱ yet a̱feang ma̱ng shi a̱ni, Da̱nube ji, ka̱ neet ghwut ma̱ A̱dyundyung Sop Jami̱ni wu a̱wot ka̱ mun kpa̱ra̱p a̱ naat di̱ fam a̱tak-a̱tyin ka̱ si̱ neap bai kilomita 2,857 (met 1,775), a̱wot ka̱ sii du koot a̱pyia̱nka mi̱ Da̱li̱ta Da̱nube ji. A̱ka̱fan Ka̱ri̱pat ji byia̱k a̱ swak Romaniya kyiak neet di̱ fam a̱za hu nat di̱ fam a̱tak-jenshyung hu a̱wot A̱ta̱n Ma̱li̱doveanu ka ka̱ shyia̱ ma̱ng shi a̱za mita 2,544 m (kpai 8,346) si̱ mun gyet kap nji.[3]

Á̱niet ku tsa swan da̱ a̱vwuo ka nang á̱ ngyei Romaniya a̱zafwun a̱ni di̱n jen Paleyoliti̱k A̱tatak ja a̱wot nkhang nang á̱ lyuut a̱ni na̱ shei nkhang tazwa a̱byintyok Da̱kya, swuocet nka mi̱ zwang, ma̱ng bwan tyei Ri̱rom nka mbwak A̱byintyokshan Rom di̱ ngaan njen gbangbang hu si̱si̱ ntung. Ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1859 kya nang á̱ kpaat a̱byin Romaniya a̱fwun ka di̱n vak muna̱pyia̱ Bibyintyok-á̱fai-á̱gwam Ma̱li̱daviya ma̱ng Valahya ma̱sa̱t. A̱byin a̱fai ka, nang á̱ ngyei a̱gwomna̱ti nka Romaniya kyiak neet ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1866 a̱ni, si̱ byi̱k ka̱ si̱ shyia̱ sa̱t neet mi̱ mbwak A̱byintyokshan A̱toman ka ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1877. Di̱n jen Zwang Swanta I ji, nang ka̱ sii du shei yong mi̱ tsi̱tsak nka hu ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1914, Romaniya si̱ shai yong hu ka̱ si̱ ta̱bat kwan dundung ma̱ng Allied Powers ba kyiak neet ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 1916 ba̱ng si̱ nat. Ma̱nang zwang ji tyak a̱ni, Bukovina, Ba̱sa̱rabya, Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya, ma̱ng nkap Ba̱nat, Ki̱rishana, ma̱ng Ma̱ramuret si̱ tung yet kap A̱byintyok Romaniya.[4] Tsi̱tsak Zwat A̱taa ma̱ng Zwat A̱ni̱nai 1940, da̱nian A̱ka̱be Molotov–Ribbentrop ka ma̱ng Za̱nang Sweang Viyena ji, á̱ si̱ tyia̱ Romaniya ta a̱ nwuak Muna̱pyia̱ Soviyet Ba̱sa̱rabya ma̱ng A̱za Bukovina a̱wot A̱za Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya ma̱ Honggi̱ri. Mi̱ Zwat Swak ma̱ng Jhyiung 1940, Romaniya si̱ tyia̱ zwunzwuo mbwak ma̱ A̱ka̱be Bibyintat ka a̱wot, mat a̱nia wa, mi̱ Zwat A̱taa 1941 a̱ si̱si̱ nwuo mi̱ Zwang Swanta II ji di̱ fam Axis side hu, a̱ si̱ kwan Muna̱pyia̱ Soviyet hu ba̱ng si̱ tat Zwat A̱ni̱nai 1944, da̱nang gu nwuo mi̱ sot Allies ji a̱wot a̱ si̱ bwuok a̱ san A̱za Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya. Ma̱nang zwang ma̱ng kpaat swat A̱shong A̱khwot A̱kwop A̱byin wu sii du nyia̱ a̱ni, Romaniya si̱ bwuak a̱ tyia̱ ri̱pobi̱lik soshyalit ma̱ng kap A̱ka̱be Vari̱sap hu. Lilyim Tyei Zat 1989 hu, Romaniya Nkhang Romaniya (1989–a̱fwun) ta̱bat a̱shai naat di̱moki̱rasi ma̱ng tungzwa kaswuo.

Romaniya yet a̱byin kya nang á̱ ku nok gba̱mgbam[5][6][7] a̱wot ka̱ si̱ byia̱ kyang ku myim ka̱ yet cet a̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ ma̱ a̱lyiat bibyin swanta.[8][9] Tungzwa nka hu yet si̱ á̱niet ba̱ saai kurum ba̱t hwa a̱ni, a̱wot ka̱ si̱ yet a̱byin ka̱ yet 45 mi̱ shi bibyin ku swak ma̱ng nominal GDP a̱ni, a̱wot a̱si̱ 36 di̱n vak shi PPP. Tungzwa nka hu yet nyiung mami si̱ ku laai shi a̱ swak a̱ni mi̱ di̱ Muná̱pyia̱ Bibyin Yurop hu. Tungzwa Romaniya ku hyaai di̱ laai shi hu di̱n tsa ce-ndyia̱ 2000 hu; a̱wot ma̱nini á̱ kpaat kuntyin nhu tazwa khwo-á̱niet hwa. A̱byin ka ni̱ nok nkyang a̱wot ka̱ mun ghwut lyiai nkyang ma̱ bibyin nta a̱wot ka̱ nwuai ma̱ng si̱ bibyin ghyáng kidee á̱da̱dei mma̱to ma̱ng mma̱to a̱kumndong a̱ni di̱n vak ka̱mpa̱ní nang Automobile Dacia ma̱ng OMV Petrom. A̱kpa á̱niet Romaniya ka yet nwap A̱romaniya ja a̱wot khwi á̱niet a̱bya ma̱nang ma̱ a̱di̱di̱t mba shei a̱ni hwa yet Khwikristi A̱todok A̱tyin, a̱wot mba ba̱ lyiat a̱lyem Romaniya kya, a̱nyiung mami Lilyem Roman hu (ma̱ a̱ca̱caat Roman A̱tyin/Roman Ba̱li̱kan). Romaniya yet memba Muná̱pyia̱ Bibyin Swanta, Muná̱pyia̱ Bibyin Yurop, NATO, Kansi̱t Yurop, BSEC ma̱ng WTO.

Bwoi a̱lyoot

[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]
A̱tsak ati̱kut: A̱lyoot Romaniya

"Romaniya" neet a̱lyoot mali kikya nang á̱ ngyei A̱romaniya ba a̱ni (Romaniya: român), zang nggu ku neet a̱lyoot Lati̱n ka romanus, ka̱ fa "A̱rom" ba ku "ma Rom" a̱ni.[10] Á̱ ku tsa lyuut a̱lyoot nwap kani nang á̱ ngyei A̱romaniya ba a̱ni mi̱ sa̱ncuri 16 wu wa mbwak a̱tyu tat-a̱pyia̱ tazwa á̱nietbishyi Italya wu a̱ ku shyia̱ ma̱ a̱cyet mi̱ Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya, Ma̱li̱daviya, ma̱ng Valahya di̱n jen a̱ja.[11][12][13] Dokyumen ji̱ kwop a̱ swak a̱ni nang á̱ tsa lyuut tazwa Romaniya a̱ni, wusika 1521 jhyang nang á̱ ngyei "Wusika Neacșu neet Câmpulung" ji,[14] ku yet a̱son a̱vwuo nang á̱ na mmak lyuut a̱lyoot ka Romaniya da̱ a̱lyoot a̱byin: á̱ si̱ yei Wolahya Țeara Rumânească.

Nkhang

[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]
A̱tsak ati̱kut: Nkhang Romaniya

A̱zaghyi-nkhang

[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]
A partially reconstructed skull
A̱ghyighyak a̱pyia̱ neet mi̱ Peștera cu Oase ji (a̱kum kap vam Homo sapiens ka̱ yet a̱khwukhwop a̱ swak a̱ni mi̱ Yurop)[15]

A̱kum nkap vam á̱ ku ta̱taat mi̱ Peștera cu Oase ("A̱kuu ma̱ng Nkungkup"), á̱ ku mak di̱n vak maai redyokabon bai kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng ndyia̱ 40,000 na̱ ku swak a̱ni, a̱wot ka̱ si̱ mi̱ ngyong da̱ a̱kwonu a̱khwukhwop Homo sapiens a̱ swak wu nang á̱ lyen mi̱ Yurop a̱ni.[15] Khap Ce A̱fang Fai hu si̱ kin ngyai di̱n jen nang susot á̱niet swai ma̱ vwuon ba̱ neet mi̱ Ta̱si̱li si̱ bai mi̱ miliniyom 6 A̱K.[16][17] Khang a̱byin kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng nnang nfa̱k ghyang mi̱ Lungka ku tyai sheda ntsa nta̱m cat nfak mi̱ Yurop; a̱ji wu kwok nfak hu ku ntsa tsi̱tsak miliniyom 5 ma̱ng 4 A̱K.[18] Á̱son a̱ka̱vwuonswat di̱ndi̱ng nang á̱ nok si̱ tyia̱ nang "á̱ka̱mbwon a̱ca̱cet a̱ka̱keang" na a̱ni,[19] na̱ ku shi a̱ swak 320 hectares (800 acres).[20][21] Taada Cucuteni–Trypillia—ji̱ yet taada tat-a̱pyia̱ lyen nkyang nkhang nang á̱ lyen a̱ swak a̱ni tazwa Yurop Gbangbang—ku ya-a̱ywan mi̱ Munteniya, a̱tak-a̱tyin Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya ma̱ng a̱za-a̱tyin Ma̱li̱daviya mi̱ miliniyom 3 A̱K.[21] Á̱son a̱ka̱keang ma̱ng mbat ma̱ng a̱ca̱cet a̱ka̱ndi̱ri̱m-cok ku tsa tyai kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱lyia̱ 1800 A̱K kya ma̱ a̱ca̱caat, a̱wot si̱ huni si̱ tyai za̱kwa nzwáng á̱niet Ce A̱shong Ntswam ji kiki.[21]

Gbangbang

[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]
A̱tsak ati̱kut: Romaniya di̱n Jen Gbangbang
Bu nwuan: Nkyang na nang A̱byintyokshan Rom ka ku ghwon lilyim a̱ni
Jhyi ngaat shi a̱byin A̱byintyok Da̱kya di̱n jen tyok A̱gwam Burebita (kap ntsa ce-ndyia̱ 40 na A̱K)

A̱yaakoloni A̱helen ba nang á̱ ku kpaat di̱ khwong A̱dyundyung Kyai A̱sa̱khwot hu mi̱ sa̱ncuri 7 A̱K wu si̱ bwuak yet a̱tsatsak a̱ka̱cyian kaswuo ma̱ng nnwap na̱ shyia̱ a̱ja a̱ni.[22][23] Mami á̱niet-a̱byin a̱bya, Herodotut ku lyuut Getae ma̱ A̱tak fam-a̱byin Da̱nube ka, Agathyrsi Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya ba ma̱ng Syginnae a̱kpa̱kpai a̱byin ba ba̱ shyia̱ di̱ khwong a̱ghyui Tyiza ka di̱n tsa sa̱ncuri 5 hu A̱K.[24] A̱yaasa̱ncuri si̱ bai a̱ swak, Ti̱rabo si̱ nyia̱ nyia̱ Getae ba byia̱ a̱meang ma̱ng A̱da̱kya ba ba̱ shi a̱ swak kuzang nwap mi̱ bibyin a̱tak A̱ka̱fan Ka̱ri̱pat hu mi̱ di̱ sa̱ncuri 1 A̱K.[25] Burebita wa ku yet a̱son a̱tyutyok Da̱kya gu na ntung nnwap á̱na ndung.[25][26] A̱wot a̱ si̱ ka nswuocet a̱yaakoloni A̱helen ba mi̱ Dobi̱ruja ma̱ng á̱niet hyia̱k ba ba̱ng si̱ tat A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ Da̱nube ma̱ng A̱ka̱fan Ba̱li̱kan ji tsi̱tsak a̱lyia̱ 55 ma̱ng 44 A̱K.[25][27] A̱ma̱lyim hyaai Burebita hu mi̱ cet ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 44 A̱K, tyok nggu hu si̱si̱ nta̱luk.[25][28]

Remains of circular buildings in a glade
A̱ta̱bat á̱mali nwuat za̱nang mi̱ Sarmizegetusa Regia (a̱keangtung Da̱kya ka di̱n jen tyok Burebita ma̱ng Da̱keba̱lut)

A̱rom ba ku tat Da̱kya di̱n jen tyok Burebita ja a̱wot ba̱ si̱ swuocet Dobi̱ruja ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 46 A̱A̱.[28] Da̱keba̱lut si̱ bu ntung Da̱kya ndung kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱lyia̱ 85 A̱A̱.[25][29] A̱ ku yong mi̱cet a̱ si̱ kwan A̱rom ba a̱lyia̱ ma̱ng ndyia̱, a̱wot á̱khwot á̱kwop a̱byin A̱rom ba si̱ bai swuocet á̱khwot á̱kwop nggu ba ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 106 A̱A̱.[30] A̱gwamshan Ti̱rajan si̱ shai Ba̱nat, Oli̱teniya ma̱ng a̱gba̱ndang kap Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya wu si̱ tyia̱ pi̱rovin Rom fai nang á̱ ngyei Da̱kya Rom a̱ni, a̱wot Da̱kya, mbeang nnwap A̱jamanik ma̱ng Sa̱ri̱matya na si̱ kin ngya a̱son di̱ yet á̱niet ba ba̱ swak mi̱ shi a̱ni mi̱ bibyin ku shyia̱ di̱n jhyi a̱gi̱gak Rom hu.[31][32] A̱rom ba si̱ cat ba̱ si̱ jhyi vak nyia̱ tyok tazwa á̱ghyang á̱niet ma̱ng di̱ khwi oda a̱ni, a̱wot a̱yaakwak a̱son a̱yaapi̱rovin ba si̱ fwuong nyinyang swat nyinyang ma̱ng ya a̱son ku na labeang ba̱t a̱ni mi̱ sa̱ncuri wu.[33][34] Á̱nietbyia̱lyen ba ku shim nyia̱ tyorit ya-a̱son a̱meang Da̱kya ma̱ng Rom hu—nyiung mami á̱tsak ntyorit tazwa a̱vwuoneet A̱romaniya ba—si̱ nyia̱ swat ndung a̱tsak A̱da̱kya ba ma̱ng á̱nietcen ta̱wap a̱byin mba ba̱ yet A̱rom ba a̱ni mi̱ Da̱kya Rom wa ku yet kap ntsa yet nwap A̱romaniya ji.[35][36] A̱ka̱ri̱pa ba, A̱gwot ba ma̱ng nnwap hyia̱k á̱ghyang ku nwuai ma̱ng Da̱kya nci̱ri̱ng kyiak neet mi̱ ce-ndyia̱ 210 hu.[37] A̱rom ba si̱ nwai cet hu ba̱ na ngyong mi̱cet a̱ni, huhwa A̱gwamsham Aurelian si̱ nwuak oda nyia̱ á̱ kwok á̱ kai pi̱rovin Da̱kya Ti̱rajana á̱ ghwon mi̱ ce-ndyia̱ 270 hu.[38] Á̱nietbyia̱lyen ba ku li̱n a̱ma tyorit ya-a̱son hu ku tak nyia̱ á̱kpa á̱kunak ka ka̱ lyiat da̱ a̱lyem Lati̱n a̱ni ku bwuok a̱ swan di̱n jen ji nang á̱khwot á̱kwop a̱byin ba ma̱ng á̱nietnta̱m a̱gwomna̱ti ba ba ku ghwon a̱byin ka.[39] A̱rom ba si̱ kai á̱ ghwon á̱ga̱nga̱ng a̱ka̱ndi̱ri̱m mba ba̱ shyia̱ di̱ khwong A̱tak Da̱nube ba bah a̱lyia̱ ma̱ng ndyia̱, a̱wot Dobi̱ruja (á̱ ka ngyei A̱da̱dei Si̱ntya) a̱ni si̱ ya-a̱son di̱ yet kap A̱byintyokshan Rom ka ba̱ng si̱ tat shyi̱ri̱p sa̱ncuri 7 wu.[35][40]

Nce A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ na

[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]
A̱tsak a̱yaati̱kut: Romaniya di̱n Tsa Nce A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱ na, Romaniya di̱ Nce A̱ka̱wa̱tyia̱, Kpaat Valahya, and Kpaat Valahya
Gutyuda, ku a̱byin A̱teri̱vingi ba̱ lyiat a̱lyem Gotik a̱ni ma̱ng nnwap hyia̱k na (ce-ndyia̱ 370 A̱A̱)

A̱got ba ku shyia̱ di̱ ngaat á̱ bai fam A̱tak Da̱nube hu neet mi̱ ce-ndyia̱ 230 hu, ba̱ si̱ tyia̱ á̱niet-a̱byin ba ba̱ tyong á̱ nat ma̱ A̱byintyokshan Rom ka kalak ba̱ san mba nang á̱tyoli.[41][42][43] Tyok A̱got hu si̱si̱ nfwan ma̱gbi̱ri̱p ma̱nang A̱hun ba nwuai ma̱ng a̱mba a̱ni ma̱ a̱byin ka ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 376, ku si̱ khwat cung swai á̱niet naat da̱ a̱ka̱vwuo á̱ghyang.[41][43][44] A̱hun ba si̱ yong mi̱cet ba̱ si̱ tyia̱ á̱kum á̱niet a̱byin ka tafa mba, a̱wot a̱byintyokshan mba si̱si̱ nta̱luk ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 454.[41][45] A̱gyepid ba si̱ san pi̱rovin Da̱kya gbangbang hu.[46][47] Lyulyoot a̱ka̱vwuo ku neet mi̱ lilyem Si̱lavik shi a̱kpa mi̱ Romaniya, a̱wot si̱ a̱hwa si̱ fa nyia̱ á̱niet ba̱ lyiat lilyem Si̱lavik ku mi̱ nshi ma̱ a̱byin ka.[48] Á̱son susot Si̱lavik ka̱ na ntsa swan mi̱ Ma̱li̱daviya ma̱ng Valahya mi̱ sa̱ncuri 6 wu,[49] mi̱ Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱lyia̱ 600.[50] A̱vat ba ba̱ yet nwap cong jhyam ma̱ng nyám a̱ni si̱ swuocet A̱gyepid ba ba̱ si̱ kpaat a̱byintyokshan ka̱ ku yong mi̱cet a̱ni kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱lyia̱ 570.[41][51] ba, ba̱ ku ka mbai a̱kpa̱kpai kyai a̱byin Ponti̱k Yurop wu, si̱ swan fam A̱tak Da̱nube ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 680.[41]

A̱byintyokshan A̱buli̱gat ka (681–1018) kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱lyia̱ 850

Ma̱nang A̱byintyokkhan A̱vat ka sii du ta̱luk a̱ni, mi̱ ce-ndyia̱ 790 hu, A̱son A̱byintyokshan Buli̱gariya ka si̱ neet a̱ bai yet a̱za̱za̱rak cet hu di̱ fam-a̱byin a̱hwa, ka̱ si̱ khwi bibyin vwuon ba̱ng si̱ tat, a̱ghyui Tisa ka.[41] A̱son A̱byintyokshan Buli̱gariya ka ku yet a̱kyiai á̱niet swuocet A̱buli̱gat ba, A̱si̱lap ma̱ng A̱vi̱lak (ku A̱romaniya) a̱wot bwan tyei Si̱si̱lap a̱ca̱cet A̱buli̱gat hu wa ka̱n ntsa mi̱ sa̱ncuri 9 wu. Ma̱nang ba̱ si̱ swuocet fam a̱tak Ti̱ransi̱li̱vaniya hu kpa̱mkpaan ma̱ng a̱lyia̱ 830, á̱niet neet ma̱ A̱byintyokshan Buli̱gat ba̱ si̱ lung nfak da̱ a̱ka̱vwuo lung nna ma̱ a̱byin ka.[52] Kansi̱t Pi̱resi̱lap ji ku tak nyia̱ Si̱lavonik Cod Gbangbang ji ja na yet a̱lyem lita̱ji ma̱ a̱byin ka ma̱ a̱lyia̱ 893.[53] A̱vi̱lak ba si̱ khwi san Si̱lavonik Cod Gbangbang nang a̱lyem lita̱ji mba ka.[54]

Ya̱fang

[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]
  1. ↑ "U.N. Classification of Geographic Regions". United Nations Statistics Division. Retrieved 2023-08-29.
  2. ↑ "The OECD and South-East Europe". OECD. 2022.
  3. ↑ "Romania Geography". aboutromania.com. Archived from the original on 28 Zwat Tsat 2015. Retrieved 4 Zwat Nyaai 2015.
  4. ↑ Stoleru, Ciprian (13 Zwat A̱kubunyiung 2018). "Romania during the period of neutrality". Europe Centenary (in American English). Retrieved 4 Zwat Tsat 2020.
  5. ↑ United Nations: World Economic Situation and Prospects 2021, w. 125
  6. ↑ United Nations: World Economic Situation and Prospects 2022, w.153
  7. ↑ United Nations: World Economic Situation and Prospects 2023, w. 117.
  8. ↑ "Middle Powers Realities in the EU amid Great Power Ambitions" (PDF).
  9. ↑ "A Balancing Act | Strategic Monitor 2018-2019". www.clingendael.org (in English). Retrieved 2023-04-01.
  10. ↑ "Explanatory Dictionary of the Romanian Language, 1998; New Explanatory Dictionary of the Romanian Language, 2002" (in Romanian). Dexonline.ro. Archived from the original on 17 Zwat Tswuon 2016. Retrieved 25 Zwat A̱kubunyiung 2010.
  11. ↑ Cl. Isopescu (1929). "Notizie intorno ai romeni nella letteratura geografica italiana del Cinquecento". Bulletin de la Section Historique. XVI: 1–90. ... si dimandano in lingua loro Romei ... se alcuno dimanda se sano parlare in la lingua valacca, dicono a questo in questo modo: Sti Rominest ? Che vol dire: Sai tu Romano, ...
  12. ↑ Holban, Maria (1983). Călători străini despre Țările Române (in Romanian). Vol. II. Ed. Științifică și Enciclopedică. pp. 158–161. Anzi essi si chiamano romanesci, e vogliono molti che erano mandati quì quei che erano dannati a cavar metalli ...
  13. ↑ Cernovodeanu, Paul (1960). "Voyage fait par moy, Pierre Lescalopier l'an 1574 de Venise a Constantinople, fol 48". Studii și Materiale de Istorie Medievală (in Romanian). IV: 444. Tout ce pays la Wallachie et Moldavie et la plus part de la Transilvanie a eté peuplé des colonies romaines du temps de Traian l'empereur ... Ceux du pays se disent vrais successeurs des Romains et nomment leur parler romanechte, c'est-à-dire romain ...
  14. ↑ Ion Rotaru, Literatura română veche, "The Letter of Neacșu from Câmpulung" Archived 2011-06-09 at the Wayback Machine, București, 1981, ngw. 62–65
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 Price 2013, pp. 60–61.
  16. ↑ Georgescu 1991, pp. 1–2.
  17. ↑ Price 2013, pp. 125–127.
  18. ↑ Gibbs, Patrick. "Antiquity Vol 79 No 306 December 2005 The earliest salt production in the world: an early Neolithic exploitation in Poiana Slatinei-Lunca, Romania Olivier Weller & Gheorghe Dumitroaia". Antiquity.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 30 Zwat Nyaai 2011. Retrieved 12 Zwat Swak 2012.
  19. ↑ Price 2013, p. 149.
  20. ↑ John Noble Wilford (1 December 2009). "A Lost European Culture, Pulled From Obscurity". The New York Times (30 Zwat Swak ma̱ng Jhyiung 2009). Archived from the original on 23 Zwat Nyaai 2017.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 Georgescu 1991, p. 2.
  22. ↑ Georgescu 1991, p. 3.
  23. ↑ Hitchins 2014, p. 3.
  24. ↑ Rustoiu 2005, pp. 32, 35–36.
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 25.2 25.3 25.4 Hitchins 2014, p. 7.
  26. ↑ Pop 1999, p. 14.
  27. ↑ Pop 1999, pp. 14–15.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Georgescu 1991, p. 4.
  29. ↑ Pop 1999, p. 15.
  30. ↑ Hitchins 2014, pp. 9–10.
  31. ↑ Georgescu 1991, p. 6.
  32. ↑ Opreanu 2005, pp. 68–69, 97–98.
  33. ↑ Pop 1999, pp. 22–23.
  34. ↑ Hitchins 2014, pp. 13–14.
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 Georgescu 1991, p. 10.
  36. ↑ Pop 1999, pp. 19–20.
  37. ↑ Hitchins 2014, p. 14.
  38. ↑ Opreanu 2005, pp. 105–107.
  39. ↑ Georgescu 1991, pp. 8, 10.
  40. ↑ Opreanu 2005, p. 108, 110–111.
  41. ↑ 41.0 41.1 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.5 Hitchins 2014, p. 16.
  42. ↑ Heather 2010, pp. 116–117, 165.
  43. ↑ 43.0 43.1 Opreanu 2005, pp. 117–118.
  44. ↑ Heather 2010, p. 151.
  45. ↑ Heather 2010, pp. 151, 207–208.
  46. ↑ Bóna 1994, pp. 66–67.
  47. ↑ Curta 2006, p. 54.
  48. ↑ Opreanu 2005, p. 131.
  49. ↑ Heather 2010, pp. 395–397.
  50. ↑ Bóna 1994, pp. 97–99.
  51. ↑ [[#CITEREFCurta2006A̱buli̱gat|Curta, 2006 & A̱buli̱gat]].
  52. ↑ Bóna, István (2001). "Southern Transylvania under Bulgar Rule". In Köpeczi, Béla; Barta, Gábor; Bóna, István; Makkai, László; Szász, Zoltán; Borus, Judit (eds.). History of Transylvania. Akadémiai Kiadó. ISBN 0-88033-479-7.
  53. ↑ Curta 2006, pp. 168, 177.
  54. ↑ Hitchins 2014, p. 37.

A̱ka̱fwuop nta

[jhyuk | jhyuk a̱tyin ka]
A̱gwomna̱ti
A̱ka̱fwuop taada ma̱ng nkhang

Coordinates: 46°N 25°E / 46°N 25°E / 46; 25


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