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支

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 攴 and 枝
支 U+652F, 支
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-652F
← 攮
[U+652E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 攰 →
[U+6530]
⽀ U+2F40, ⽀
KANGXI RADICAL BRANCH
← ⼿
[U+2F3F] 		Kangxi Radicals ⽁ →
[U+2F41]

Translingual

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Stroke order
4 strokes
Stroke order

Han character

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See images of
Radical 65 支

支 (Kangxi radical 65, 支+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 十水 (JE), four-corner 40407, composition ⿱十又)

  1. Kangxi radical #65, ⽀.

Derived characters

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See also

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 467, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13061
  • Dae Jaweon: page 814, character 13
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1327, character 14
  • Unihan data for U+652F

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 支
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (支) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
支 *kje
枝 *kje
肢 *kje
汥 *kje, *ɡe, *ɡres
衼 *kje
馶 *kje, *qʰjes, *kes, *ɡe
鳷 *kje
忮 *kjes
伎 *kjes, *ɡe, *ɡreʔ
豉 *ɡjes
翅 *qʰjes
翄 *qʰjes, *ɡe
妓 *kre, *ɡreʔ
庋 *kreʔ, *kʷreʔ
跂 *kʰeʔ, *kʰes, *ɡe
蚑 *kʰes, *ɡe
吱 *kʰes
岐 *ɡe
歧 *ɡe
鬾 *ɡre, *ɡres
技 *ɡreʔ
芰 *ɡres
攱 *kʷreʔ, *kʷres
庪 *kʷreʔ
頍 *kʰʷeʔ
屐 *ɡreɡ

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 又 (“hand”) + 十 (“(half of 竹) branch of bamboo”) – a hand breaking off a branch of bamboo.

Similar but unrelated to 攴, 丈, 尹 and 父.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 支
alternative forms 𣏃
𠦙
𢺶

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-ka(ː)k (“fork, branch, crotch”). Cognate with the first syllable of Burmese ခက်ရင်း (hkak-rang:, “fork”), as well as the following words (STEDT):

  • 枝 (OC *kje, “branch (of tree); to resist, go astray”)
  • 肢 (OC *kje, “limb (of body)”)
  • 翅 (OC *qʰjes, “wing”)
  • 歧 (OC *ɡe, “bifurcating, forked (as of a road)”)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • kî - vernacular;
  • chṳ̂ - literary.
Note:
  • ki - vernacular;
  • chi - literary.
Note: gi1 - vernacular, zin1 - literary.
Rime
Character 支
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 支 (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 章移切
Baxter tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ciə̆/
Li
Rong 		/t͡ɕie/
Wang
Li 		/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		zhī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		zi1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 支 支
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		zhī zhī
Middle
Chinese 		‹ tsye › ‹ tsye ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ke/ /*ke/
English support, hold up branch (of tree), limb

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 支
Reading # 1/1
No. 17200
Phonetic
component 		支
Rime
group 		支
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		支
Old
Chinese 		/*kje/

Definitions

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支

  1. to support; to bear; to sustain
  2. to disburse; to pay; to defray
  3. to prop up; to put up
  4. to send away; to put off somebody
  5. branch; limb; offshoot; subdivision
    alt. forms: 枝
  6. a surname
  7. Classifier for long, thin objects. ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
    alt. forms: 枝
  8. Classifier for songs or musical pieces.
    唱支歌嚟聽下吖！ [Cantonese, trad.]
    唱支歌嚟听下吖！ [Cantonese, simp.]
    coeng3 zi1 go1 lai4 teng1 haa5 aa1! [Jyutping]
    Sing a song for us!
  9. (Southern Min) Classifier for certain body parts.
    alt. forms: 枝
    一支喙 [Hokkien]  ―  chi̍t ki chhùi [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  a mouth
  10. (now usually derogatory and offensive) Short for 支那 (Zhīnà, “China”).
    印支  ―  Yìnzhī  ―  Indochina
    日滿支親善／日满支亲善  ―  Rì Mǎn Zhī qīnshàn  ―  friendship among Japan, Manchuria and China
    支語警察／支语警察  ―  zhīyǔ jǐngchá  ―  (Taiwan, Internet slang) people who like to correct or criticize the use of Mainland terms (literally, “Chink language police”)
  11. (～日) (telegraphy) the fourth day of a month
Synonyms
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Dialectal synonyms of 把 (“(classifier for knives)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 把
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 把
Taiwan 把
Malaysia 把
Singapore 把
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 把
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 把
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 把
Wanrong 把
Xi'an 把
Xining 把
Xuzhou 把
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 把
Lanzhou 把
Ürümqi 把
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 把
Wuhan 把
Guilin 把
Liuzhou 把
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 把
Yangzhou 把
Hefei 把
Cantonese Guangzhou 把, 張
Hong Kong 把, 張
Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou) 柄, 把
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 張
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 把
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 把
Macau 張
Guangzhou (Panyu) 張
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 張
Guangzhou (Conghua) 張
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 張
Foshan 張
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 張
Foshan (Shunde) 張
Foshan (Sanshui) 張
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 張
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 張
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 張
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 張
Zhuhai (Doumen) 張
Jiangmen (Baisha) 張
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 張
Taishan 張
Kaiping (Chikan) 張
Enping (Niujiang) 張
Heshan (Yayao) 張
Dongguan 張
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 張
Qingyuan 張
Fogang 張
Yingde (Hanguang) 張
Yangshan 張
Lianshan (Butian) 把
Lianzhou (Qingshui; Sihui) 張
Shaoguan 張
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 張, 把
Renhua 張
Lechang 把
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 張
Sihui 張
Guangning 張
Deqing 張
Huaiji 支, 把
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 張
Yunfu 張
Xinxing 張
Luoding 把
Yunan (Pingtai) 張
Yangjiang 張
Xinyi 張
Lianjiang 把
Nanning 把
Guiping 把
Mengshan (Xihe) 把
Guigang (Nanjiang) 張
Beiliu (Tangliao) 把
Baise 把
Bobai 張
Lingshan 把
Pubei 把
Qinzhou 把
Beihai 把
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 把
Ningming 把
Hengzhou 把
Hezhou (Pumen, Babu) 張
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 把
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 把
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 把
Móng Cái 把
Gan Nanchang 把
Lichuan 把
Pingxiang 把
Hakka Meixian 張
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 把
Dongguan (Qingxi) 張
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 張
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 張
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 把
Yudu 把
Hong Kong 張
Beiliu (Tang'an) 張
Mashan (Pianlian) 把
Senai (Huiyang) 把
Huizhou Jixi 把
Jin Taiyuan 把
Xinzhou 把
Northern Min Jian'ou 把
Eastern Min Fuzhou 把
Southern Min Xiamen 叢, 支
Quanzhou 叢, 支
Jinjiang 支
Yongchun 支
Zhangzhou 叢
Manila (Hokkien) 支
Zhangping (Yongfu) 支
Datian 支
Pingnan (Shangdu) 把
Chaozhou 支
Shantou 支
Bangkok (Teochew) 支
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 支
Leizhou 把
Haikou 把
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 張, 把
Zhongshan (Sanxiang) 張
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 把
Wu Shanghai 把
Shanghai (Chongming) 把
Suzhou 把
Danyang 把
Hangzhou 把
Ningbo 把
Wenzhou 把
Jinhua 把
Xiang Changsha 把
Loudi 把
Shuangfeng 把
Quanzhou 把
Dialectal synonyms of 首 (“(classifier for songs)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 首, 支
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 首
Singapore 首
Southwestern Mandarin Guilin 首
Cantonese Guangzhou 支, 隻
Hong Kong 首, 隻, 支
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 隻, 支
Macau 支
Guangzhou (Panyu) 隻
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 隻
Guangzhou (Conghua) 隻
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 支
Foshan 支
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 隻
Foshan (Shunde) 支
Foshan (Sanshui) 支
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 支
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 支
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 支
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 支
Zhuhai (Doumen) 支
Jiangmen (Baisha) 支
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 支
Taishan 條
Kaiping (Chikan) 條
Enping (Niujiang) 條
Heshan (Yayao) 隻
Dongguan 支
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 支
Hakka Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 支
Dongguan (Qingxi) 條
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 隻
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 條
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 隻
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 條
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 條
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 條
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 條
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 條
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 條
Southern Min Jinjiang 塊
Tainan 條, 首
Singapore (Hokkien) 條
Manila (Hokkien) 塊
Shantou 條
Shantou (Chenghai) 條
Jieyang 條
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 首, 條
Wu Shanghai 隻
Xiang Changsha 隻
Dialectal synonyms of 張 (“(classifier for mouths)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 張
Northeastern Mandarin Taiwan 張
Cantonese Guangzhou 把
Hong Kong 個, 把
Hakka Meixian 張
Eastern Min Fuqing 隻
Southern Min Kaohsiung (Dalinpu, Siaogang) 支
Tainan 支
Tainan (Anping) 支
Shantou 個
Jieyang 支
Dialectal synonyms of 支 (“(classifier for cigarettes)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 支
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 根兒, 顆, 支
Taiwan 根
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 顆, 根兒
Central Plains Mandarin Xi'an 根兒, 支
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 杆
Wuhan 根
Jianghuai Mandarin Yangzhou 根, 支
Hefei 根
Cantonese Guangzhou 支
Hong Kong 支, 飛
Yangjiang 支
Gan Nanchang 根
Hakka Meixian 支
Jin Taiyuan 根, 支
Northern Min Jian'ou 支, 筒
Eastern Min Fuzhou 條
Southern Min Xiamen 支, 叢
Tainan 支
Chaozhou 支
Wu Suzhou 根, 支
Wenzhou 支
Xiang Changsha 根
Shuangfeng 根

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (支):
  • → Vietnamese: chi (支)

Others:

  • → Vietnamese: chia

Etymology 2

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For pronunciation and definitions of 支 – see 丈 (“A unit of measurement.; to survey; to measure; etc.”).
(This character is an ancient form of 丈).

References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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支

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. (えだ): branch off; little pieces separated; a branch; hands and legs[1]
  2. (ささえる): support
  3. provide, payment
  4. (つかえる): be stuck
  5. the twelve earthly branches

Readings

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Derived terms

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
支
し
Grade: 5
on'yomi

Affix

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支(し) • (shi) 

  1. (obsolete) China; Chinese

Synonyms

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References

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  1. ^ “支”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2024

Korean

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Hanja

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支 (eumhun 지탱할 지 (jitaenghal ji))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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支: Hán Nôm readings: chi

  1. chữ Hán form of chi (“branch; to spend”).

Compounds

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