英

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英 U+82F1, 英
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-82F1
← 苰
[U+82F0] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 苲 →
[U+82F2]

Translingual

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Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

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英 (Kangxi radical 140, 艸+5, 9 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 8 strokes in simplified Chinese and Japanese, cangjie input 廿中月大 (TLBK), four-corner 44530, composition ⿱艹央)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1024, character 11
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 30808
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1484, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3192, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+82F1

Chinese

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Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (央) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
鴦 *qaːŋ, *qaŋ
佒 *qaːŋ
咉 *qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
眏 *qaːŋ
姎 *qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
坱 *qaːŋʔ
映 *qaːŋʔ, *qraŋs
泱 *qaːŋʔ, *qaŋ
盎 *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
駚 *qaːŋʔ, *qaŋʔ
軮 *qaːŋʔ
醠 *qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
央 *qaŋ
秧 *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ
殃 *qaŋ
鞅 *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
鉠 *qaŋ, *qraŋ
雵 *qaŋ
胦 *qaŋ, *qroːŋ
柍 *qaŋʔ
詇 *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs, *qraŋs
岟 *qaŋʔ
炴 *qaŋʔ
怏 *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
紻 *qaŋʔ
英 *qraŋ
瑛 *qraŋ
霙 *qraŋ
韺 *qraŋ
媖 *qraŋ
渶 *qraŋ
鶧 *qraŋ
楧 *qraŋ
暎 *qraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qraŋ) : semantic 艹 (“grass”) + phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ).

Etymology 1

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trad. 英
simp. # 英
alternative forms 偀 ancient

Uncertain. There are several possibilities:

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • iaⁿ - vernacular;
  • eng - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 英
Mandarin Beijing /iŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /iŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /iŋ²¹/
Jinan /iŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /iŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /iŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /iŋ²¹/
Xining /iə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /in⁵⁵/
Chengdu /in⁵⁵/
Guiyang /in⁵⁵/
Kunming /ĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /in³¹/
Hefei /in²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /iŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /in⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔin³³/
Wenzhou /j̠aŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /iɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /in³³/
Xiangtan /in³³/
Gan Nanchang /in⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /in⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /in²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jeŋ⁵³/
Nanning /jeŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /iŋ⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /iŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /eiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /eŋ³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /eŋ²³/
Rime
Character 英
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於驚切
Baxter 'jaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔiajŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ʔiɐŋ/
Wang
Li 		/ĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jing1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 英
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yīng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔjæng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*ʔ<r>aŋ/
English young grass plants

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 英
Reading # 1/1
No. 14510
Phonetic
component 		央
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		霙
Old
Chinese 		/*qraŋ/

Definitions

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英

  1. (literary) flower; blossom
  2. (of a person) outstanding
    英才  ―  yīngcái  ―  person of outstanding ability
    英姿  ―  yīngzī  ―  heroic bearing
  3. fine; excellent
    英名  ―  yīngmíng  ―  illustrious name
  4. (literary) finest part; quintessence
    含英咀華／含英咀华  ―  hányīngjǔhuá  ―  to savour the merits of a literary work
  5. hero; outstanding person
    群英  ―  qúnyīng  ―  ensemble of talents
  6. (obsolete) panache on a lance
  7. a surname
    英布  ―  Yīng Bù  ―  Ying Bu (warlord and vassal king who lived in the early Han dynasty)

Compounds

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Etymology 2

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trad. 英
simp. # 英
alternative forms 𠸄

Short form of 英吉利 (Yīngjílì, “England”) or 英格蘭／英格兰 (Yīnggélán, “England”).

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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英

  1. (short form) Britain
    英軍／英军  ―  yīngjūn  ―  British Armed Forces
  2. (short form) English language
    中英數／中英数 [Cantonese]  ―  zung1 jing1 sou3 [Jyutping]  ―  Chinese, English and mathematics
  3. (in compounds) imperial (relating to the British imperial system of measurement)
    英寸  ―  yīngcùn  ―  inch

Compounds

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Etymology 3

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trad. 英
simp. # 英

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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英

  1. Used in transcription.

Compounds

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Etymology 4

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trad. 英
simp. # 英

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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英

  1. (Hokkien) Alternative form of 塕 (eng, “(of dust, sand, etc.) to rise and permeate; to fill the air or get onto something”)

Japanese

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Kanji

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英

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. English
  2. flower, petal
  3. hero

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
英
えい
Grade: 4
kan'on

From Middle Chinese 英 (MC 'jaeng).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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英(えい) • (Ei) 

  1. Short for 英吉利 (Igirisu, “United Kingdom”).

Affix

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英(えい) • (ei) 

  1. Short for 英吉利 (Igirisu, “United Kingdom”).
  2. Short for 英語 (eigo, “English (language)”).
  3. outstanding; outstanding person
  4. flower; calyx

Derived terms

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Derived terms

References

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  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 英 (MC 'jaeng).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 ᅙᅧᇰ (Yale: qyèng)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 곳부리 (Yale: kwòspwùlì) 여ᇰ (Yale: yèng)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

英 (eumhun 꽃부리 영 (kkotburi yeong))

  1. hanja form? of 영 (“the UK, Great Britain (in compounds, in news media)”)
  2. hanja form? of 영 (“petal”) [affix]

Compounds

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Compounds

Proper noun

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Hanja in this term
英

英 • (Yeong) (hangeul 영)

  1. (in headlines) Short for 英(영)國(국) (Yeongguk, “the United Kingdom”).

Usage notes

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In news headlines, this is often written in the hanja form, even in contemporary Korean text otherwise devoid of any hanja.

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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英: Hán Việt readings: anh
英: Nôm readings: anh, yêng

Noun

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英 • (anh)

  1. Nôm form of anh (“older brother”).

References

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