樂不可支

Chinese

		music; happy; laugh music; happy; laugh; cheerful	cannot; should not; must not	(a measure word); to support; to sustain (a measure word); to support; to sustain; to erect; to raise; branch; division; to draw money
trad. (樂不可支)		樂	不可	支
simp. (乐不可支)		乐	不可	支

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lèbùkězhī

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄜˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄜˇ ㄓ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lok⁶ bat¹ ho² zi¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lèbùkězhī
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄜˋ ㄅㄨˋ ㄎㄜˇ ㄓ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lèbùkějhih
    • Wade–Giles: lê⁴-pu⁴-kʻo³-chih¹
    • Yale: lè-bù-kě-jr̄
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: lehbukeejy
    • Palladius: лэбукэчжи (lɛbukɛčži)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɤ⁵¹⁻⁵³ pu⁵¹ kʰɤ²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lok⁶ bat¹ ho² zi¹
    • Yale: lohk bāt hó jī
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lok⁹ bat⁷ ho² dzi¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: log⁶ bed¹ ho² ji¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɔːk̚² pɐt̚⁵ hɔː³⁵ t͡siː⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: lak pjut khaX tsye

Rime
Character	樂	不	可	支
Reading #	3/3	3/3	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	幫 (1)	溪 (29)	章 (23)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)	物 (60)	歌 (94)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)	Rising (X)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III	I	III
Fanqie	盧各切	分勿切	枯我切	章移切
Baxter	lak	pjut	khaX	tsye
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɑk̚/	/pɨut̚/	/kʰɑX/	/t͡ɕiᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/lɑk̚/	/piut̚/	/kʰɑX/	/t͡ɕiɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/lɑk̚/	/piuət̚/	/kʰɑX/	/t͡ɕjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lak̚/	/put̚/	/kʰaX/	/ciə̆/
Li Rong	/lɑk̚/	/piuət̚/	/kʰɑX/	/t͡ɕie/
Wang Li	/lɑk̚/	/pĭuət̚/	/kʰɑX/	/t͡ɕǐe/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lɑk̚/	/pi̯uət̚/	/kʰɑX/	/t͡ɕie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luò	fu	kě	zhī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lok6	fat1	ho2	zi1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤawk  pə  [k]ʰˤa[j]ʔ  ke/

  (Zhengzhang): /*raːwɢ  pɯ'  kʰaːlʔ  kje/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	樂	不	可	支
Reading #	2/4	1/2	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lè	bù	kě	zhī
Middle Chinese	‹ lak ›	‹ pjuw ›	‹ khaX ›	‹ tsye ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁawk/	/*pə/	/*[k]ʰˁa[j]ʔ/	/*ke/
English	joy; enjoy	not	may; acceptable	support, hold up
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	樂	不	可	支
Reading #	2/3	3/3	1/1	1/1
No.	7673	1048	7446	17200
Phonetic component	樂	不	可	支
Rime group	藥	物	歌	支
Rime subdivision	1	1	1	0
Corresponding MC rime	落	弗	可	支
Old Chinese	/*raːwɢ/	/*pɯ'/	/*kʰaːlʔ/	/*kje/
Notes		中古才促化

Idiom

樂不可支

1. overjoyed; on cloud nine

   • 次二：樂不可支，辰於天。測曰：樂不可支，以時歲也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     次二：乐不可支，辰于天。测曰：乐不可支，以时岁也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Yang Xiong, The Canon of Supreme Mystery, 2 BCE

     Cì èr: lèbùkězhī, chén yú tiān. Cè yuē: lèbùkězhī, yǐ shí suì yě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 百姓歌曰：「桑無附枝，麥穗兩岐。張君為政，樂不可支。」 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     百姓歌曰：「桑无附枝，麦穗两岐。张君为政，乐不可支。」 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5^th century CE

     Bǎixìng gē yuē: “Sāng wú fù zhī, màisuì liǎng qí. Zhāng jūn wèizhèng, lèbùkězhī.” [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)