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懼

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 惧
懼 U+61FC, 懼
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-61FC
← 懻
[U+61FB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 懽 →
[U+61FD]

Translingual

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Han character

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懼 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+18, 21 strokes, cangjie input 心月山土 (PBUG), four-corner 96014, composition ⿰忄瞿)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 408, character 43
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11488
  • Dae Jaweon: page 750, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2371, character 7
  • Unihan data for U+61FC

Chinese

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trad. 懼
simp. 惧
2nd round simp. 𰑌
alternative forms 愳
惧
𢡔

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (瞿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
瞿 *kʷas, *ɡʷa
衢 *ɡʷa
氍 *ɡʷa
癯 *ɡʷa
蠷 *ɡʷa
臞 *ɡʷa, *ɡʷas
欋 *ɡʷa
鸜 *ɡʷa
灈 *ɡʷa
躣 *ɡʷa
忂 *ɡʷa
戵 *ɡʷa
鑺 *ɡʷa
懼 *ɡʷas

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ɡʷas) : semantic 忄 + phonetic 瞿 (OC *kʷas, *ɡʷa).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character 懼
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 群 (30)
Final (韻) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 其遇切
Baxter gjuH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɡɨoH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɡioH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɡioH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/guə̆H/
Li
Rong 		/ɡioH/
Wang
Li 		/ɡĭuH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/gi̯uH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		geoi6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 懼
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ gjuH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɡ]ʷ(r)a(k)-s/
English fear (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 懼
Reading # 1/1
No. 7151
Phonetic
component 		瞿
Rime
group 		魚
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		懼
Old
Chinese 		/*ɡʷas/

Definitions

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懼

  1. to fear; to be afraid
  2. to scare; to frighten

Synonyms

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Dialectal synonyms of 害怕 (“to fear; to be afraid of”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 懼, 畏, 恐, 怯, 驚, 惶, 悚, 懾, 恇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 害怕, 懼怕, 畏懼
Northeastern Mandarin Beijing 害怕, 怕
Taiwan 害怕, 怕
Harbin 害怕, 發毛
Malaysia 怕
Singapore 怕, 害怕
Jilu Mandarin Jinan 害怕, 怕, 打怵
Jiaoliao Mandarin Yantai (Muping) 害怕, 怵
Central Plains Mandarin Luoyang 害怕, 怕
Wanrong 驚
Xi'an 害怕, 怕, 怯火
Xuzhou 嫌怕, 打怵
Lanyin Mandarin Yinchuan 害怕, 嚇
Lanzhou 害怕, 怯, 怯乎, 怯豁
Ürümqi 害怕
Southwestern Mandarin Chengdu 害怕, 怕, 虛火, 虛
Wuhan 嚇不過, 怕
Guiyang 害怕, 怕
Kunming 害怕
Guilin 怕
Liuzhou 慌
Jianghuai Mandarin Nanjing 嚇怕, 怕
Yangzhou 害怕, 怕, 怕懼, 懼乎
Hefei 怕
Cantonese Guangzhou 驚, 怕, 慌, 窒
Hong Kong 驚, 怕, 慌
Hong Kong (Kam Tin; Weitou) 狂
Macau 驚
Guangzhou (Panyu) 驚
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 慌
Guangzhou (Conghua) 驚
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 好怕
Foshan 驚, 窒
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 慌, 怕
Foshan (Shunde) 慌
Foshan (Sanshui) 慌
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 慌
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 驚
Zhongshan (Huancheng) 驚
Zhongshan (Nanlang) 驚
Zhongshan (Xiaolan) 慌
Zhongshan (Dongsheng, Xiaolan) 慌
Zhongshan (Tanbei, Xiaolan) 慌
Zhongshan (Henglan) 慌
Zhongshan (Dongfeng) 慌
Zhongshan (Nantou) 慌
Zhongshan (Fusha) 慌
Zhongshan (Shalang) 慌
Zhongshan (Gangkou) 慌
Zhongshan (Huangpu) 慌, 驚
Zhongshan (Sanjiao) 狂, 驚
Zhongshan (Langwang, Minzhong) 慌, 驚
Zhongshan (Minzhong) 慌, 驚
Zhongshan (Guzhen) 𢗉
Zhongshan (Banfu) 慌, 驚
Zhongshan (Tanzhou) 慌, 驚
Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou) 驚
Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka) 驚
Zhuhai (Doumen) 驚
Jiangmen (Baisha) 驚
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 驚
Taishan 𢗉
Kaiping (Chikan) 𢗉
Enping (Niujiang) 𢗉
Heshan (Yayao) 慌
Dongguan 狂
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 驚
Shaoguan 驚, 窒
Yunfu 怕, 驚
Yangjiang 𢗉
Xinyi 狂
Lianjiang 驚
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 驚, 怕
Singapore (Guangfu) 驚, 怕
Gan Nanchang 怕
Lichuan 怕
Hakka Meixian 驚, 怕畏, 畏, 怕
Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua) 狂
Dongguan (Qingxi) 狂
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 好狂
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 驚
Wuhua (Huacheng) 怕, 驚, 畏
Heyuan (Bendihua) 驚
Wengyuan 驚
Liannan 驚
Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua) 狂
Jiexi 驚
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 驚
Changting 怕
Wuping 怕
Wuping (Yanqian) 怕
Liancheng 嚇
Ninghua 怕
Ningdu 怕
Tonggu (Sandu) 怕
Ganzhou (Panlong) 怕
Dayu 怕
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 驚
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 驚
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 驚
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 驚
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 驚
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 驚
Hong Kong 狂, 驚
Mengshan (Xihe) 怕
Luchuan 狂
Sabah (Longchuan) 狂
Senai (Huiyang) 狂
Singkawang 驚
Huizhou Jixi 怕, 嚇
Jin Taiyuan 害怕, 怕
Xinzhou 著怕, 怕
Northern Min Jian'ou 驚, 怕, 怯, 畏
Jian'ou (Dikou) 驚
Songxi 驚
Zhenghe 驚
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 驚
Jianyang 驚
Jianyang (Huangkeng) 畏
Wuyishan 嚇
Pucheng (Shibei) 嚇
Eastern Min Fuzhou 驚
Fuzhou (Changle) 驚
Lianjiang 驚
Fuqing 驚
Pingtan 驚
Yongtai 驚
Minqing 驚
Gutian 驚
Pingnan 驚
Luoyuan 驚
Fu'an 驚
Ningde 驚
Xiapu 驚
Zherong 驚
Shouning 驚
Zhouning 驚
Fuding 驚
Singapore (Fuqing) 驚
Southern Min Xiamen 驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣
Xiamen (Tong'an) 驚
Quanzhou 驚, 著驚, 懾, 懾屎, 會攝, 掣
Jinjiang 驚
Nan'an 驚
Shishi 驚
Hui'an 驚
Anxi 驚
Yongchun 驚
Dehua 驚
Zhangzhou 驚, 著驚, 驚惶, 懾, 會攝, 掣
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 驚
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 驚
Hua'an 驚
Nanjing 驚
Pinghe 驚
Zhangpu 驚
Yunxiao 驚
Zhao'an 驚
Dongshan 驚
Kaohsiung 驚
Yilan 驚
Changhua (Lukang) 驚
Taichung 驚
Taichung (Wuqi) 驚惶
Tainan 驚
Taitung 驚
Hsinchu 驚
Kinmen 驚
Penghu (Magong) 驚
Penang (Hokkien) 驚
Singapore (Hokkien) 驚
Manila (Hokkien) 驚
Longyan 嚇
Zhangping 驚
Datian 驚
Chaozhou 驚, 畏
Raoping 驚
Shantou 驚
Jieyang 驚, 畏
Haifeng 驚
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 驚
Singapore (Teochew) 驚
Leizhou 驚
Wenchang 驚
Haikou 驚
Qionghai 驚
Singapore (Hainanese) 驚
Puxian Min Putian 驚
Xianyou 驚
Central Min Yong'an 驚
Sanming (Sanyuan) 驚
Sanming (Shaxian) 驚
Zhongshan Min Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) 驚
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 狂, 怕
Wu Shanghai 怕, 嚇
Shanghai (Chongming) 嚇
Suzhou 怕, 嚇
Danyang 怕
Hangzhou 怕, 嚇, 慌, 怕慌, 發毛
Ningbo 怕, 嚇
Wenzhou 怕, 嚇
Jinhua 光
Xiang Changsha 怕, 畏怯
Loudi 怕
Shuangfeng 怕

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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懼

(Hyōgai kanji)

  1. fear
  2. overawed

Readings

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  • Go-on: ぐ (gu)
  • Kan-on: く (ku)
  • Kun: おそれる (osoreru, 懼れる)

Korean

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Hanja

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懼 (eumhun 두려워할 구 (duryeowohal gu))

  1. hanja form? of 구 (“fear, be afraid of, dread”)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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懼: Hán Nôm readings: cụ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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